Anterior Capsulolabral Reconstruction with Semitendinosus Autograft after Latarjet Failure: A Case Report.

Introduction: The treatment of chronic shoulder instability, associated with poor tissue quality, remains challenging in the setting of anterior capsular deficiency. There are a few viable alternatives in the end-stage shoulder instability when multiple surgical attempts to correct the pathology have failed. The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate the efficacy of anterior capsular reconstruction with semitendinosus autograft for the management of capsulolabral deficiency without associated bone loss.

Bone methabolic disorders in HIV positive patients: a case report.

Fractures in patients affected by HIV are more frequent than what is reported in patients with no retroviral diseases. Chronic infection with HIV likely contributes to increased systemic inflammation, which has been associated with increased rates of fracture.  We report a case of a 56-year-old male (HIV + in treatment with Atripla) heavy worker, at the beginning affected by intra-articular proximal humerus fracture treated with endoprosthesis replacement and later by periprosthetic fracture treated with plate, screws and cerclages.

Early surgical treatment of first-time anterior glenohumeral dislocation in a young, active population is superior to conservative management at long-term follow-up.

Purpose: To compare the long-term effectiveness of non-operative treatment with immediate arthroscopic surgical stabilization in young, active patients after first-time anterior glenohumeral dislocation.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients aged 15-25 years who suffered primary traumatic anterior glenohumeral dislocation were enrolled in this prospective, non-randomized investigation. In total, 160 patients were enrolled-64 opted for surgical stabilization (group A), while 96 opted for conservative treatment (group B).

Rupture of the Patellar Tendon After Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment: A Case Report.

Introduction: Rupture of the patellar tendon is becoming more and more frequent, even in sports activities overloading the extensor mechanism of the knee. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment has been recently introduced in treatment for several knee- and sport-related injuries including muscle strain cartilage defect and tendinopathies. The aim of this case report is to present a case of rupture of the patellar tendon occurred after injections of PRP.

Latarjet procedure versus open capsuloplasty in traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: long-term clinical and functional results.

Purpose: To compare the results of two different open surgical techniques (open capsuloplasty and Bristow-Latarjet procedure) at a mid- to long-term follow-up (6 years) in patients with recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations.

Methods: Seventy-three patients (73 shoulders, 48 males; 25 females) fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were classified as group A if operated on with a Bristow-Latarjet procedure (40 patients, 24 males; 16 females) or group B if operated on with an open capsuloplasty (33 patients, 24 males; 9 females).

The treatment of long bones nonunions of upper limb with microsurgical cortico-periosteal free flap.

Background And Purpose: Medial condyle corticoperiosteal flap is an emerging option for the treatment of upper limb non-infected nonunions. The hypothesis of our study is that corticoperiosteal flap could be an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of upper limb non-infected nonunions, evaluating radiographic and clinical outcome.

Methods: We enrolled 14 patients who underwent vascularized medial femoral condyle corticoperiosteal free flaps from January 2011 to December 2014.

The influence of playing surface on injury risk in italian elite rugby players.

Background: There is a growing interest in the use of artificial turf surfaces in rugby. In particular, artificial surfaces may be an useful means of increasing participation in the sport by allowing greater usage of a given pitch, especially in regions where natural turf pitches are difficult to maintain.

Methods: The incidence of site, nature, cause, and severity of training and match injuries was prospectively recorded in two professional teams (one equipped with World Rugby certified third generation artificial turf and the other with natural grass over the 2014-2015 season).

Can the outside-in half-tunnel technique reduce femoral tunnel widening in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? A CT study.

Background: There are different techniques for drilling the femoral tunnel in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), but their influence in the bone tunnel enlargement in unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare two different surgical techniques for evaluating femoral tunnel enlargement in ACLR. The hypothesis was that tunnel placement using the outside-in technique leads to less tunnel enlargement compared to the transtibial technique.

Functional evaluation of professional athletes treated with a mini-open technique for achilles tendon rupture.

Introduction: in this study we report the functional results of 36 professional athletes treated with a combined percutaneous and mini-open technique.

Methods: patients were evaluated with Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles questionnaire (VISA-A), the objective 100-points Hannover scale and the Ergo-jump Bosco System device.

Results: at a mean 28- month follow-up no re-rupture cases were observed.

Bilateral quadriceps rupture: results with and without platelet-rich plasma.

This article presents a 46-year-old man with bilateral atraumatic quadriceps rupture that occurred while he was descending stairs. The patient underwent surgery the day after the accident. In the left knee, quadriceps reinsertion was performed using a conventional technique.

Rotatory instability of the knee after ACL tear and reconstruction.

Although ACL reconstructions provide satisfactory clinical results nowadays, regardless of the type of graft or the surgical technique used (out-in vs in-out or single- vs double-bundle), the residual rotatory instability which is often detected at clinical follow-ups is still a matter of concern among surgeons. In this paper we try to analyze all the aspects which might contribute to this phenomenon by summarizing the biomechanical functions of the two bundles of the ACL, and by evaluating all the other factors strictly related to the rotatory instability of a reconstructed knee, such as the anatomical positioning of the single- or double-bundle new ACL, or the importance of a valid lateral compartment (LCL, ALTFL). Clinical, biomechanical and cadaver studies are discussed in order to contribute to better understanding of the origin of post-operative residual rotatory instability.

An extra-articular procedure improves the clinical outcome in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstrings in female athletes.

Purpose: A positive glide is a common finding after ACL reconstructions, especially in women. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the role of Cocker-Arnold's extra-articular procedure in reducing the incidence of a residual postoperative rotational knee laxity.

Methods: Sixty patients affected by an ACL injury with a +2 (clunk) or +3 (gross shift) pivot-shift test entered this prospective study; they were randomly assigned to group A (control group, hamstrings) or group B (study group, hamstrings plus Cocker-Arnold).

Platelet-rich plasma: does it help reduce tunnel widening after ACL reconstruction?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in reducing femoral and tibial tunnel enlargement in patients operated on for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstrings.

Methods: Forty male patients, in which both femoral and tibial 9-mm tunnels were performed because of the graft size, were enrolled in this prospective study. They were randomly assigned to group A (20 patients, PRP group) and group B (20 patients, control group).

Reparable rotator cuff tears with concomitant long-head biceps lesions: tenotomy or tenotomy/tenodesis?

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine clinical, functional, and radiological results of two groups of patients affected by rotator cuff tear with concomitant degeneration of the long head of the biceps tendon treated with tenotomy/tenodesis or tenotomy.

Methods: Sixty-five patients were randomly assigned to group A (35 patients, tenotomy/tenodesis) and group B (30 patients, tenotomy). All patients underwent physical examination and simple shoulder test and Constant score scales.

Modified Watson-Jones technique for chronic lateral ankle instability in athletes: clinical and radiological mid- to long-term follow-up.

Background: We clinically and radiologically assessed mid- to long-term follow-up of a group of patients treated with a modified Watson-Jones technique for chronic ankle instability.

Methods: Fourteen athletes were retrospectively evaluated with physical examination, and Tegner, Good and AOFAS scales; moreover, a 2-view stress, side-to-side X-ray, was performed.

Results: All patients were followed-up at a mean of 10.

Shoulder adhesive capsulitis: manipulation and arthroscopic arthrolysis or intra-articular steroid injections?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare shoulder manipulation and arthroscopic arthrolysis with glenohumeral steroid injections in patients affected by idiopathic adhesive shoulder capsulitis.

Methods: In this prospective study we randomly assigned patients to enter group A (23 patients, shoulder manipulation and arthroscopic arthrolysis) and group B (21 patients, glenohumeral steroid injections). Patients were followed-up at three, six and 12 weeks, and at six and 12 months with the Constant and Murley, ASES, UCLA and SST evaluation scales.

Return to sports activity after postoperative septic arthritis in ACL reconstruction.

Background: Septic arthritis after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a rare but potentially serious complication. Several different options have been proposed to treat this condition. Our study aims to report the clinical, radiological, and sports activity results using our original protocol based on outpatient irrigation of the knee as well as parenteral and oral antibiotics.

Computer-assisted high tibial osteotomy: preliminary results.

Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is an established technique for the treatment of symptomatic varus malaligned knees. In this study, we prospectively followed up 13 patients (14 knees) who underwent navigation system-supported HTO for varus knee deformity. Preoperatively all patients underwent a physical examination, and anteroposterior and laterolateral lower limb weight-bearing digital radiographs were obtained.

Clinical and radiological outcomes of postoperative septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Septic arthritis after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a rare complication. In the literature, several treatments have been proposed. The aim of the study was to report our results using ambulatory irrigation of the knee and parenteral and oral antibiotics.

Incidence and treatment of postoperative stiffness following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of clinically significant postoperative stiffness following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. This study also sought to determine the clinical and surgical factors that were associated with higher rates of postoperative stiffness. Finally, we analyzed the result of arthroscopic lysis of adhesions and capsular release for treatment of patients who developed refractory postoperative stiffness 4 to 19 months (median, 8 months) following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Minimizing internal rotation strength deficit after use of semitendinosus for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a modified harvesting technique.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a new method of harvesting semitendinosus tendon during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction that would allow an anatomic reinsertion of the regenerated tendon and minimize postoperative internal rotation strength loss.

Methods: We prospectively selected 35 patients surgically treated for anterior knee instability. The patients were randomly assigned to either the study group (group A) (19 patients) or the control group (group B) (16 patients).

The effect of accelerated, brace free, rehabilitation on bone tunnel enlargement after ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendons: a CT study.

The mechanism of bone tunnel enlargement following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is not yet clearly understood. Many authors hypothesized that aggressive rehabilitation protocols may be a potential factor for bone tunnel enlargement, especially in reconstructions performed with hamstrings autograft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a brace free rehabilitation on the tunnel enlargement after ACL reconstruction using doubled semitendinosus and gracilis tendons (DGST): our hypothesis was that early post-operative knee motion increase the diameters of the tibial and femoral bone tunnels.