ML Models Built Using Clinical Parameters and Radiomic Features Extracted from F-Choline PET/CT for the Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence after Metastasis-Directed Therapy in Patients with Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer.

Unlabelled: Oligometastatic patients at [F]F-Fluorocholine (F-choline) PET/CT may be treated with metastasis-directed therapy (MDT). The aim of this study was to combine radiomic parameters extracted from F-choline PET/CT and clinical data to build machine learning (ML) models able to predict MDT efficacy.

Methods: Oligorecurrent patients (≤5 lesions) at F-choline PET/CT and treated with MDT were collected.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer: Improving treatment delivery efficiency and accuracy.

Purpose: In stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer, intrafraction motion is an important source of treatment uncertainty as it could not be completely smoothed through fractionation. Herein, we compared different arrangements and beam qualities for extreme hypofractionated treatments to minimize beam delivery time and so intrafractional errors.

Methods: A retrospective dataset of 11 patients was used.

Late orbital radiotherapy combined with intravenous methylprednisolone in the management of long-lasting active graves' orbitopathy: a case report and literature review.

Purpose: To present a case and review the literature on Orbital Radiotherapy (OR) combined with intravenous methylprednisolone, focusing on its late application in patients with long-lasting active Graves' Orbitopathy (GO). Additionally, we suggest emerging perspective for future research in this context.

Method: Relevant literature (randomized controlled studies, retrospective studies and reviews) was explored on PubMed from January 1973 to January 2024, searching "orbital radiotherapy" & "Graves disease".

Full-Dose Intraoperative Electron Radiotherapy for Early Breast Cancer: Evidence from a Single Center's Experience.

To evaluate the clinical response rate and cosmetic outcome after full-dose intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) in early breast cancer (BC) treated with conserving surgery. Inclusion criteria were: >60 years old, clinical tumor size ≤2 cm, luminal A carcinoma, patological negative lymph nodes, excluded lobular carcinoma histology. IOERT was delivered with a dose of 21 Gy at 90% isodose.

Dosimetric characterization of a mobile accelerator dedicated for intraoperative radiation therapy: Monte Carlo simulations and experimental validation.

Purpose: This Technical Note validates previously published data about the dosimetry of the electron beams produced by a mobile accelerator dedicated for intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT). The evaluation of the directional response of a PTW microDiamond detector is presented together with a detailed analysis of the output factors (OFs) for bevelled applicators.

Methods: The OFs of the 6, 8, 10 and 12 MeV electron beams produced by a light intraoperative accelerator (LIAC, SIT, Italy) were measured in a commercial water phantom using the microDiamond.

Management of bilateral conjunctival squamous carcinoma following ocular cicatricial pemphigoid: A case report and review of literature.

The purpose of this study is to report a case of bilateral highly locally invasive conjunctival squamous neoplasia in the clinical setting of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP), and to review the available literature about this rare association. A man presented with chronic bilateral conjunctivitis and forniceal foreshortening. He had been previously diagnosed with OCP, and received proper therapy with systemic Dapsone and local steroids.

Association of the Extent of Resection with Survival in Multiple Primary Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Background: The incidence of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC) has progressively increased, due to recent advances in imaging. To date, no guidelines defining recommendations for patients' selection and no standard treatment of cases with SMPLC have been defined.The primary aim of this systematic review was to assess survival among patients treated with lobectomy or sublobar resection MPLC.

Intra-Operative Electron Radiation Therapy (IOERT) Anticipated Boost in Breast Cancer Treatment: An Italian Multicenter Experience.

In breast cancer, the use of a boost to the tumor bed can improve local control. The aim of this research is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the boost with intra-operative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) in patients with early-stage breast cancer undergoing conservative surgery and postoperative whole breast irradiation (WBI). The present retrospective multicenter large data were collected between January 2011 and March 2018 in 8 Italian Radiation Oncology Departments.

Uncommon solitary nasal extramedullary plasmacytoma detected by F-FDG PET/CT.

Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is an uncommon neoplastic proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells. Despite having a better prognosis and lower conversion rate to multiple myeloma in comparison to solitary bone plasmacytoma, EMP diagnosis can be challenging. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) certainly has an established role in EMP diagnostic workup.

Neoadjuvant radiotherapy dose escalation for locally advanced rectal cancers in the new era of radiotherapy: A review of literature.

Background: The standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancers (LARC) consists on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. Different data in literature showed a benefit on tumor downstaging and pathological complete response (pCR) rate using radiotherapy dose escalation, however there is shortage of studies regarding dose escalation using the innovative techniques for LARC (T3-4 or N1-2).

Aim: To analyze the role of neoadjuvant radiotherapy dose escalation for LARC using innovative radiotherapy techniques.

The Relevance of Assessing Subjective Experiences of Skin Toxicity During Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Radiodermatitis is likely to be an inevitable side effect of radiotherapy (RT) but experiencing pain relief during RT might contribute making treatment more acceptable and less impairing. The current study aimed to assess the subjective perceptions and experiences of skin toxicity in a sample of women undergoing adjuvant RT for breast cancer.

Methods: Eighty patients were randomly assigned to one out of two groups: treatment (i.

Systemic therapy augmented by radiotherapy (STAR) effect for brain metastases in a BRAF-mutated melanoma patient with prolonged survival: a case report.

Brain metastases are common in stage IV malignant melanoma, carrying a prognosis traditionally regarded as severe, with a median survival of few months. Recently introduced systemic therapies as targeted therapy or immunotherapy have significantly improved the prognosis of metastatic melanoma. The optimal association of radiotherapy to such novel treatments has to be clarified.

Use of electrochemotherapy in a voluminous chest wall recurrence of triple-negative breast cancer: case report.

Breast cancer is the most common cause of chest wall recurrence, skin, and subcutaneous tissue metastases which mainly occur as multiple nodes in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. When it occurs, surgery (re-excision or totalization) is the treatment of choice. Unfortunately, it is not possible in rare cases for example after multiple plastic reconstructions and particular anatomical sites not eligible for resection.

Incorporating dose-volume histogram parameters of swallowing organs at risk in a videofluoroscopy-based predictive model of radiation-induced dysphagia after head and neck cancer intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

Purpose: To develop a videofluoroscopy-based predictive model of radiation-induced dysphagia (RID) by incorporating DVH parameters of swallowing organs at risk (SWOARs) in a machine learning analysis.

Methods: Videofluoroscopy (VF) was performed to assess the penetration-aspiration score (P/A) at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after RT. An RID predictive model was developed using dose to nine SWOARs and P/A-VF data at 6 and 12 months after treatment.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the Pyriform sinus with multiple metachronous brain metastases, a case report.

Background: Distant Metastases from Head and Neck Squamous cell carcinomas are uncommon (9-11%) and they are usually found in the lung and less frequently in the liver, kidney and adrenals. Central nervous system (CNS) metastases are extremely rare (2-8%), and they are described mainly in patients who already have extracranial metastases. So there's scarcity of data about their optimal management .

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Nivolumab and Radiotherapy in Pretreated Lung Cancer Patients: Efficacy and Safety of Combination.

Background: In the last decade, the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as the PD-1 inhibitor, nivolumab, has revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Concurrent radiotherapy (RT) is of particular interest in showing the potential role of the combination.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the addition of RT to an immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab, with regard to activity and feasibility in pretreated, advanced, or metastatic lung cancer patients at our center.

Multidisciplinary management improves survival at 1 year after surgical treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer: a propensity score-matched study.

Objectives: The management of patients affected by lung cancer requires the expertise of specialists from different disciplines. Although the advantages of multidisciplinary team discussions seem obvious, there are limited studies evaluating the influence of this approach on postoperative outcomes in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to examine the impact of a multidisciplinary approach on survival of patients undergoing surgery for NSCLC.

Is effective and safe a radiochemotherapy approach in elderly cancer patients? A review.

Although more than 60% of all cancer patients in Europe and the USA are older than 65 years at the time of diagnosis, elderly patients are generally under-represented in clinical trials. A general consensus on how to treat elderly patients is still far from being achieved. In this review, we address some of the issues and challenges surrounding the treatment of older cancer patients and radiochemotherapy.

Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy after transarterial chemoembolisation failure in an unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a case presentation.

Introduction. Transarterial chemoembolization is the first-line treatment in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no standard treatment after transarterial chemoembolization failure.

Adjuvant radiotherapy on older and oldest breast cancer patients after conservative surgery: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of adjuvant radiotherapy, in terms of feasibility and activity, in women aged ≥ 75 years with early (stage) breast cancer. From January 2000 to December 2007, 131 consecutive patients aged 75 years or older received adjuvant radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery. Eighty-two patients received radiotherapy in combination with 5 years of hormone therapy with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor.