SWATH-MS Protocols in Human Diseases.

Identification of molecular biomarkers for human diseases is one of the most important disciplines in translational science as it helps to elucidate their origin and early progression. Thus, it is a key factor in better diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Proteomics can help to solve the problem of sample complexity when the most common primary sample specimens were analyzed: organic fluids of easy access.

Insights into the function of NADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) based on identification of NTRC-interacting proteins in vivo.

Redox regulation in heterotrophic organisms relies on NADPH, thioredoxins (TRXs), and an NADPH-dependent TRX reductase (NTR). In contrast, chloroplasts harbor two redox systems, one that uses photoreduced ferredoxin (Fd), an Fd-dependent TRX reductase (FTR), and TRXs, which links redox regulation to light, and NTRC, which allows the use of NADPH for redox regulation. It has been shown that NTRC-dependent regulation of 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (PRX) is critical for optimal function of the photosynthetic apparatus.

An early dysregulation of FAK and MEK/ERK signaling pathways precedes the β-amyloid deposition in the olfactory bulb of APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Unlabelled: Olfactory dysfunction is an early event of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms associated to AD neurodegeneration in olfactory areas are unknown. Here we used double-transgenic amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APPswe/PS1dE9) mice and label-free quantitative proteomics to analyze early pathological effects on the olfactory bulb (OB) during AD progression.

S-sulfhydration: a cysteine posttranslational modification in plant systems.

Hydrogen sulfide is a highly reactive molecule that is currently accepted as a signaling compound. This molecule is as important as carbon monoxide in mammals and hydrogen peroxide in plants, as well as nitric oxide in both eukaryotic systems. Although many studies have been conducted on the physiological effects of hydrogen sulfide, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.

An improved quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of tumor specific mutant proteins at high sensitivity.

New disease specific biomarkers, especially for cancer, are urgently needed to improve individual diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection, that is, for personalized medicine. Genetic mutations that affect protein function drive cancer. Therefore, the detection of such mutations represents a source of cancer specific biomarkers.

Proteomic analysis of human hepatoma cells expressing methionine adenosyltransferase I/III: Characterization of DDX3X as a target of S-adenosylmethionine.

Methionine adenosyltransferase I/III (MATI/III) synthesizes S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in quiescent hepatocytes. Its activity is compromised in most liver diseases including liver cancer. Since SAM is a driver of hepatocytes fate we have studied the effect of re-expressing MAT1A in hepatoma Huh7 cells using proteomics.

Quantitative proteome and acidic subproteome profiling of Candida albicans yeast-to-hypha transition.

Candida albicans yeast-to-hypha morphological transition is involved in the virulence strategy of this opportunistic fungal pathogen. Changes in relative abundance of the Candida proteome related to this process were analyzed using different two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE)-based approaches. First, a comparative analysis of yeast and hyphal cytoplasmic proteins allowed the detection of 106 protein spots with significant variation in abundance.

Pathogenesis and treatment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections.

Purpose Of Review: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli cause hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. We will summarize the literature on incidence and outcomes of these infections, and then review the pathogenesis to explain the current recommendations against antibiotic use and to suggest alternative therapies.

Recent Findings: Shiga toxin-producing E.