Prevalence of obesity in primary care patients: The IBERICAN study.

Background And Aims: Obesity has an important role in the prognosis of the patients, and important regional differences were described in Spain. The aim is to determine the prevalence of obesity in Spanish primary care patients and its geographical distribution.

Methods And Results: Prevalence study that included patients from the baseline interview of the IBERICAN study.

Characteristics of the phenotypes in prevalent and incident cases of heart failure in primary care: IBERICAN study.

Background: The management in primary care (PC) of the patients with Heart Failure (HF) is different from the management hospital, in a special way compared to cardiology departments.

Objective: To define the characteristics in both phenotypes of HF in prevalent and incident cases of HF in patients recruited in a large PC sample.

Methods: We proposed a and longitudinal analyses, in patients of the IBERICAN cohort, that recruited 8,066 patients in the Spanish primary care system, with 15,488 patients-years of follow-up.

Comparison of baseline clinical characteristics among people with type 2 diabetes on second-line therapy previously added with dapagliflozin or another oral glucose-lowering drug: AGORA study.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has acquired epidemic proportions worldwide. In recent years, new oral glucose-lowering drugs (OGLD) have emerged that improve the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic control in T2D people.

Objectives: To compare the baseline clinical-biological characteristics among T2D people to whom had added-on dapagliflozin (DAPA group) or another OGLD (SOC group) second-line hypoglycaemic therapies among the AGORA study population.

Is the Combination of Robot-Assisted Therapy and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Useful for Upper Limb Motor Recovery? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Stroke is the third leading cause of disability in the world, and effective rehabilitation is needed to improve lost functionality post-stroke. In this regard, robot-assisted therapy (RAT) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are promising rehabilitative approaches that have been shown to be effective in motor recovery. In the past decade, they have been combined to study whether their combination produces adjuvant and greater effects on stroke recovery.

Clinical characteristics, treatment, and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension seen by primary care physicians in Spain: the IBERICAN study.

Objectives: To determine the clinical profile, according to the history of hypertension, the risk of developing hypertension, current antihypertensive treatment and BP control rates in patients with hypertension from the IBERICAN cohort.

Methods: IBERICAN is an ongoing prospective cohort study, whose primary objective is to determine the frequency, incidence, and distribution of CVRF in the adult Spanish population seen in primary care settings. This analysis shows the baseline clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension.

Usefulness of the DN4, S-LANSS, and painDETECT screening questionnaires to detect the neuropathic pain components in people with acute whiplash-associated disorders: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Although the presence of neuropathic pain (NP) components has been reported in whiplash-associated disorders (WAD), no studies have analyzed the usefulness of NP screening questionnaires to detect NP components in WAD. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of 3 NP screening tools (Douleur Neuropathique 4 [DN4], self-administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs [S-LANSS], and painDETECT questionnaire [PDQ]) to detect the presence of NP components in acute WAD.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Elevated pulse pressure and cardiovascular risk associated in Spanish population attended in primary care: IBERICAN study.

Introduction: Elevated pulse pressure (ePP) is an independent marker of cardiovascular risk (CVR) in people older than 60, and a functional marker of subclinical target organ damage (sTOD) which can predict cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension (HTN), regardless of sTOD.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of ePP in adult population seen in primary care and its association with other vascular risk factors, sTOD and with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Materials And Methods: Observational multicentre study conducted in Spain (8,066 patients, 54.

Prevalence of Hyperuricemia and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Subclinical Target Organ Damage.

The role of uric acid levels in the cardiovascular continuum is not clear. Our objective is to analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HU) and its association with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), subclinical target organ damage (sTOD), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We evaluated the prevalence of HU in 6.

Outcomes of spinal cord injury following cervical fracture in ankylosing spondylitis and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH): A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: The ankylosed spine is prone to increased fractures risk even after minor trauma. The lower cervical spine is most frequently injured, and fractures of the ankylosed spine tend to precipitate spinal cord injury (SCI). The objective of the current study is to assess the incidence, management, and outcomes of patients with ankylosis of the spine sustaining a cervical fracture with associated SCI over a 7-year period.

Albumin Binds COVID-19 Spike 1 Subunit and Predicts In-Hospital Survival of Infected Patients-Possible Alteration by Glucose.

(1) Background: This study aimed to analyze if the serum albumin levels of hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patients on admission could predict <30 days in-hospital all-cause mortality, and if glucose levels on admission affected this predictive ability. (2) Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort of 1555 COVID-19-infected adult patients from public hospitals of the Madrid community were analyzed. (3) Results: Logistic regression analysis showed increased mortality for ages higher than 49 y.

Prevalence of Chronic Heart Failure, Associated Factors, and Therapeutic Management in Primary Care Patients in Spain, IBERICAN Study.

Background: The prevalence of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients assisted in primary care is not well known. We investigated the prevalence of CHF, its associated factors, and its therapeutic management.

Methods And Findings: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted in primary care (PC) in baseline patients of the IBERICAN study (Identification of the Spanish Population at Cardiovascular and Renal Risk).

Maintenance of Maternal Breastfeeding up to 6 Months: Predictive Models.

Background: There is evidence of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) but maintaining EBF for the minimum recommended time of 6 months is challenging.

Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of breastfeeding types in a Spanish setting, explore the influencing factors, and analyze the relationships between the reasons for EBF cessation and the EBF durations achieved.

Method: This longitudinal descriptive study included 236 healthy children with standard weight followed up by the public health system.

Changes in Resilience in Students of Occupational Therapy After Their First Exposure to Practice Placement Education.

Resilience is a multidimensional and dynamic construct associated with positive growth and the capacity to transform stressful and negative factors into opportunities of personal development and self-improvement when faced with difficult experiences. The resilience process of each individual integrates multiple analysis levels, which range from genetic-environmental interactions to a complex process of adaptation between the individual and his/her family, friends, co-workers, society, and culture. To determine whether resilience improves in students of occupational therapy when exposed for the first time to practice placement education.

Analysis of Occupational Balance and Its Relation to Problematic Internet Use in University Occupational Therapy Students.

(1) Objective: to explore and describe the relationship between the occupational balance of university students taking a Degree in Occupational Therapy and the problematic use of the Internet and how these, in turn, favour or not the appearance of phubbing behaviour which involves "a behaviour that happens when an individual looks at his mobile phone during a conversation with other individuals, escaping from interpersonal communication". (2) Methods: this is a quantitative descriptive study of an observational and cross-sectional nature, not experimental. The Spanish version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ-E), the Internet Addiction Test and the Phubbing Scale were used for data collection.

Activities of Daily Living and Categorization Skills of Elderly with Cognitive Deficit: A Preliminary Study.

Cognitive dysfunction affects the performance of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and the quality of life of people with these deficits and their caregivers. To the knowledge of the authors, to date, there are few studies that focus on knowing the relationship between personal autonomy and deductive reasoning and/or categorization skills, which are necessary for the performance of the ADL. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between ADL and categorization skills in older people.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality-Based Interventions for Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality-based interventions (VR-based interventions) on cognitive deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Handbook guidelines for conducting meta-analyses. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of the evidence.

Factors Associated with the Abandonment of Exclusive Breastfeeding before Three Months.

The commencement and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding (EB) are dependent on several mother-infant factors. To analyse the prevalence of EB during four different periods and to analyse the factors that can affect its maintenance, we performed a prospective, observational, longitudinal study of 236 mothers and their child between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation and weighing more than 2.5 kg.

Vascular age in a sample of general population of the sanitary area of Toledo (Spain). RICARTO study.

Objective: To know the vascular age (VA) of a sample of general population included in the RICARTO study.

Patients And Method: Epidemiological study of the general population aged ≥18 from the Health Area of Toledo, based on the health card database. VA was calculated from the absolute cardiovascular risk (CVR) estimated with the Framingham and SCORE equations (type2 diabetes increased CVR in SCORE 2-fold in men and 4-fold in women).

Attitudes towards Immigration among Students in the First Year of a Nursing Degree at Universities in Coimbra, Toledo and Melilla.

Increased migration has led to increased prejudice towards immigrant populations. This study aims to analyse attitudes towards immigration among student nurses in three universities, two in Spain and one in Portugal. : A descriptive, transversal, prospective study was carried out among student nurses ( = 624), using the Attitude towards Immigration in Nursing scale.

Effectiveness of virtual reality technology on functional mobility of older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The accessibility, versatility and motivation provided by virtual reality technology (VRT) have fostered its rapid expansion as a rehabilitation technique to improve functional mobility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programmes using VRT, specific virtual reality technology (VRT-S) and non-specific virtual reality technology (VRT-NS), to improve functional mobility in individuals aged >60 years versus conventional treatment (CT) or no intervention.

Methods: Nine databases (Cochrane Library, Scopus, PEDro, Medline, CSIC, Web of Science, OT Seeker, NGCH and CINAHL) were searched to identify randomised trials up to December 2019.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Systems to Improve the Activities of Daily Life in Older People.

(1) This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments with virtual reality systems (VRSs) on the functional autonomy of older adults versus conventional treatment. (3) Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic data search was carried out, following the PRISMA statement, up to February 2020.

Assessment of Sensory Processing and Executive Functions at the School: Development, Reliability, and Validity of EPYFEI-Escolar.

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Assessment of Sensory Processing and Executive Functions at the School (EPYFEI-Escolar), a questionnaire designed to assess the sensory processing and executive functions as underlying processes for school participation. The total sample consisted of 536 children aged between 3 and 11 years old who lived in Spain. A total of 103 teachers completed the questionnaire.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated factors in the Spanish population attended in primary care: Results of the IBERICAN study.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the factors associated with impaired renal function in the population attended in primary care (PC).

Patients And Method: Cross-sectional and multicentre study carried out in the baseline patients of the IBERICAN study (Identificación de la poBlación Española de RIesgo CArdiovascular y reNal). CKD was considered with an estimated glomerular filtration (eGF) <60ml/min/1.

Burnout Syndrome in Occupational Therapists in Spain: Prevalence and Risk Factors.

The objective of this study was to assess the potential levels of burnout syndrome in occupational therapists in Spain, as well as the risk factors involved in its prevalence. The data were obtained through an online survey. The tool utilised for this purpose was the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS) that takes into consideration the following dimensions: emotional fatigue, depersonalisation and reduction of personal satisfaction.

Home-based rehabilitation using a soft robotic hand glove device leads to improvement in hand function in people with chronic spinal cord injury:a pilot study.

Background: Loss of hand function following high level spinal cord injury (SCI) is perceived as a high priority area for rehabilitation. Following discharge, it is often impractical for the specialist care centre to provide ongoing therapy for people living with chronic SCI at home, which can lead to further deterioration of hand function and a direct impact on an individual's capability to perform essential activities of daily living (ADL).

Objective: This pilot study investigated the therapeutic effect of a self-administered home-based hand rehabilitation programme for people with cervical SCI using the soft extra muscle (SEM) Glove by Bioservo Technologies AB.