Cytomegalovirus ileitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): survival with surgical management.

We report a case of a 48-year-old male with HIV and poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy, presenting with two months of abdominal pain and diarrhea. His latest CD4 count was 11/µL. Imaging and biopsy confirmed CMV enteritis with ulcerated lesions in the distal ileum.

The road to a world-unified approach to the management of patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia: a review of current guidelines.

Objective: During the last decade, the management of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) has been addressed by several distinct international evidence-based guidelines. In this review, we aimed to synthesise these guidelines and provide clinicians with a global perspective of the current recommendations for managing patients with GIM, as well as highlight evidence gaps that need to be addressed with future research.

Design: We conducted a systematic review of the literature for guidelines and consensus statements published between January 2010 and February 2023 that address the diagnosis and management of GIM.

Quadruple therapies show a higher eradication rate compared to standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection within the LEGACy consortium. A multicenter observational study in European and Latin American countries.

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of GC; therefore, its eradication reduces the risk of developing this neoplasia. There is extensive evidence regarding quadruple therapy with relevance to the European population.

Proposal of minimum elements for screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer by an international Delphi consensus.

The World Endoscopy Organization Stomach and Duodenal Diseases Committee extracted minimum elements for screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC) in aim to support countries that do not have national guidelines on screening and diagnosis of GC. Current national or international guidelines were collected worldwide and recommendations were classified according to the quality of evidence and were finalized through a modified Delphi method. The minimum elements consist of seven categories: [1] Extraction of high-risk patients of GC before esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), [2] Patients who need surveillance of GC, [3] Method to ensure quality of EGD for detection of GC, [4] Individual GC risk assessment by EGD, [5] Extraction of high-risk patients of GC after EGD [6] Qualitative or differential diagnosis of GC by EGD, and [7] Endoscopic assessment to choose the therapeutic strategy for GC.

Evaluation of trefoil factor 3 as a non-invasive biomarker of gastric intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer in a high-risk population.

Background: Adenocarcinoma is preceded by chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is a peptide secreted by goblet cells, which is abundantly present in intestinal metaplasia.

Aim: To evaluate the utility of serum TFF3 as a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer.

Quadruple therapies are superior to standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori first-line eradication in Chile.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection affects approximately 70% of the Chilean population. It is a public health problem whose eradication treatment is part of the explicit health guarantees in Chile.

Objectives: Characterize the most widely used H.

[Protocolized referral to endoscopy and Helicobacter pylori detected in stools aimed to decrease endoscopy waiting lists].

Background Chile has one of the highest mortality rates by gastric cancer (GC) worldwide. Primary prevention of GC and detection of pre-neoplastic and early neoplastic lesions should be a national priority. Aim To assess the impact of the protocolization of endoscopy referral and the use of H.

[Experience of continuing online education in gastroenterology for non specialist medical doctors].

Background: Continuing education is essential for health professions and online courses can be a good way for professional development.

Aim: To describe the experience with online courses for continuing education in hepatology and gastroenterology and to analyze their educational impact.

Material And Methods: A three years' experience in courses on liver diseases and digestive tract is described.

[Recommendations of the Chilean Association for Digestive Endoscopy for the management of gastric pre-malignant lesions].

An expert panel analyzed the available evidence and reached a consensus to release 24 recommendations for primary and secondary prevention of gastric cancer (CG) in symptomatic patients, with indication for upper GI endoscopy. The main recommendations include (1) Search for and eradicate H. pylori infection in all cases.

Management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Latin America: a Delphi technique-based consensus.

Aim: To optimize diagnosis and treatment guidelines for this geographic region, a panel of gastroenterologists, epidemiologists, and basic scientists carried out a structured evaluation of available literature.

Methods: Relevant questions were distributed among the experts, who generated draft statements for consideration by the entire panel. A modified three-round Delphi technique method was used to reach consensus.

[Comparative performance of symptoms questionnaire, hydrogen test and genetic test for lactose intolerance].

Background: Genetically programmed adult-type hypolactasia affects 56% of Chilean population. Ideally, diagnosis should be confirmed.

Aim: To compare diagnostic yield of genetic test, hydrogen (H2) expiratory test and a validated symptomatic structured survey (SS).

Inverse correlation between allergy markers and Helicobacter pylori infection in children is associated with elevated levels of TGF-β.

Objectives: We evaluated allergy/hypersensitivity clinical markers and their correlation with Helicobactor pylori infection in children and adults to analyze how early acquisition of H. pylori could modulate allergic disorder expression.

Patients And Methods: H.

[Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic patients with benign gastroduodenal diseases: analysis of 5.664 cases].

Unlabelled: Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is highly prevalent in Chile, but there are no systematic studies in patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of H.

Endoscopic band ligation versus propranolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with high risk esophageal varices.

Background: Gastroesophageal variceal bleeding is a common complication of portal hypertension. Current guidelines recommend thorn-blockers for primary prophylaxis. However, evidence suggests that endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) reduce bleeding episodes.

Lack of diagnostic utility of specific immunoglobulin M in Helicobacter pylori infection in children.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection results in a systemic immune response characterized by the initial rise of immunoglobulin (Ig) M followed by the elevation of IgG- and IgA-specific antibody levels in serum. Age and regional considerations may modify the accuracy of serological tests.

Objectives: To determine the accuracy of specific IgG, IgA, and IgM in H pylori infection determination in different age groups.

[Diagnosis and management of colon perforation after colonoscopy].

Background: Colon perforation is an uncommon but feared complication of colonoscopy. The treatment is usually surgical but occasionally it does not require an operation.

Aim: To report our experience in the diagnosis and management of colon perforation after colonoscopy.

Helicobacter pylori gastritis in children is associated with a regulatory T-cell response.

Background & Aims: Helicobacter pylori infection in children infrequently causes gastroduodenal mucosal ulceration. Because H pylori induces T-cell dependent gastric inflammation in adults and T regulatory (Treg) cells suppress T-cell-dependent pathology, we evaluated gastric histopathology and Treg cell responses in H pylori-infected children and adults.

Methods: Gastric tissue from 36 children and 79 adults with abdominal symptoms in Santiago, Chile, was evaluated prospectively for H pylori bacteria and histopathology using the Sydney classification and Treg responses using immunoassay, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Optimal length of triple therapy for H pylori eradication in a population with high prevalence of infection in Chile.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of 7-d versus 14-d triple therapy for the treatment of H pylori infection in Chile, with a prevalence of 73% in general population.

Methods: H pylori-infected patients diagnosed by rapid urease test, with non-ulcer dyspepsia or peptic ulcer disease were randomized to receive omeprazole 20 mg bid, amoxicillin 1 g bid, and clarithromycin 500 mg bid for 7 (OAC7) or 14 (OAC14) d. Primary outcome was eradication rate 6 wk after the treatment.

Gastric cancer is related to early Helicobacter pylori infection in a high-prevalence country.

Background And Aims: Chile ranks fifth in the world among countries with the highest incidence of gastric cancer. The aim was to quantify the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer mortality at the county of residence.

Methods: A cross-sectional household survey, a probability sample of the Chilean adult population, provided 2,615 participants in whom serum H.

Relationship between Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and regulatory cytokines as predictors of clinical outcome.

Helicobacter pylori infection is highly prevalent in Chile (73%). Usually a minority of infected patients develops complications such as ulcers and gastric cancer that have been associated with the presence of virulence factors (cagA, vacA) and host T helper response (Th1/Th2). Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between strain virulence and host immune response, using a multiple regression approach for the development of a model based on data collected from H.

Non-invasive diagnosis of gastric mucosal atrophy in an asymptomatic population with high prevalence of gastric cancer.

Aim: To validate a non-invasive method to detect gastric mucosal atrophy in a Chilean population with high prevalence of gastric cancer and a poor survival rate.

Methods: We first determined the optimal cut-off level of serum pepsinogen (PG)-1, PG-1/PG-2 ratio and 17-gastrin in 31 voluntary symptomatic patients (mean age: 66.1 years), of them 61% had histologically confirmed gastric atrophy.

Relevance of adjusted cut-off values in commercial serological immunoassays for Helicobacter pylori infection in children.

We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of H. pylori IgG and IgA with a commercial immunoassay performed in Chile and a second non-commercial immunoassay performed in a reference laboratory in the United States, in serum of 80 children and adults referred for gastrointestinal endoscopies in a developing country. Overall, 56% of the patients were infected with H.

CagA antibodies as a marker of virulence in chilean patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.

Background: The bacterial and host factors that influence the clinical outcomes of the Helicobacter pylori infection have not been fully identified. Cytotoxin-associated gene product (CagA), one of the virulence factors, has been associated with a more aggressive form of infection. The authors studied the relationship between CagA status and clinical outcome in Chilean children and adults with H.

[Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastroesophageal reflux in patients with duodenal ulcer].

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is not a risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease and it could even be a protector factor.

Aim: To study the relationship between H pylori eradication and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with duodenal ulcer.

Patients And Methods: One hundred eleven patients with duodenal ulcer and treated for H pylori infection were studied.