Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil attenuates kidney injury induced by Bothrops alternatus snake venom.

Unlabelled: Acute kidney injury pathogenesis in envenoming by snakes is multifactorial and involves immunologic reactions, hemodynamic disturbances, and direct nephrotoxicity. Sildenafil (SFC), a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, has been reported to protect against pathological kidney changes.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of sildenafil against Bothrops alternatus snake venom (BaV)-induced nephrotoxicity.

Bothrops pauloensis snake venom-derived Asp-49 and Lys-49 phospholipases A2 mediates acute kidney injury by oxidative stress and release of inflammatory cytokines.

The envenomation caused by the Bothrops pauloensis snake leads to severe local and systemic effects including acute kidney injury. In this study, we investigated the renal effects by phospholipases A2 (PLA2s), divided into two main subgroups, Asp-49 and Lys-49, isolated from the Bothrops pauloensis snake venom (BpV) in isolated rat kidney system. Both PLA2s (3 μg/mL), added alone to the perfusion system and analyzed for 120 min, had significant effects on isolated rat kidney.

Renal effects of venoms of Mexican coral snakes Micrurus browni and Micrurus laticollaris.

The Micrurus snake venoms mainly cause systemic complications, essentially neurotoxicity. Previous studies, however, have described that they are involved in the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in animal models. AKI pathogenesis in snakebites is multifactorial and involves immunological reactions, hemodynamic disturbances, and direct nephrotoxicity.

Nephrotoxicity induced by the venom of Hypnale hypnale from Sri Lanka: Studies on isolated perfused rat kidney and renal tubular cell lines.

The hump-nosed pit viper Hypnale hypnale is responsible for a high number of snakebite cases in southwestern India and Sri Lanka. Although most patients only develop local signs and symptoms of envenoming, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that these envenomings may be associated with systemic alterations, including acute kidney injury. In this study we evaluated the renal toxicity of H.

High Salt Intake Promotes Different Responses to Urodilatin and Uroguanylin in the Isolated Rat Kidney.

Urodilatin (UD) and uroguanylin (UGN) have been implicated in the regulation of salt and water homeostasis, particularly in the balance handling of salt intake. In this sense, the aim of the present work was to study the main effects of these peptides in kidneys from animals subjected to high NaCl (2%) intake, during 10 days in metabolic cages. The control group received only normal water, whereas the treated group drank 2% solution of NaCl (NaCl 2%).

Differences between renal effects of venom from two Bothrops jararaca populations from southeastern and southern Brazil.

Components from animal venoms may vary according to the snake's age, gender and region of origin. Recently, we performed a proteomic analysis of Bothrops jararaca venom from southern (BjSv) and southeastern (BjSEv) Brazil, showing differences in the venom composition, as well as its biological activity. To continue the study, we report in this short communication the different effects induced by the BjSEv and BjSv on isolated kidney and MDCK renal cells.

Bothrops erythromelas () venom induces apoptosis on renal tubular epithelial cells.

Bothrops erythromelas is responsible for a large number of snakebite incidents in Northeastern Brazil. Previously, we showed the effects of whole B. erythromelas venom in an isolated kidney model.

Bothropoides pauloensis venom effects on isolated perfused kidney and cultured renal tubular epithelial cells.

Snake envenomation (Bothrops genus) is common in tropical countries and acute kidney injury is one of the complications observed in Bothrops snakebite with relevant morbidity and mortality. Here, we showed that Bothropoides pauloensis venom (BpV) decreased cell viability (IC50 of 7.5 μg/mL).

Study of the safety of methylphenidate: Focus on nephrotoxicity aspects.

Aims: Methylphenidate (MPD) is increasingly prescribed for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and there are concerns about its appropriate use. Furthermore, little is known about the potential nephrotoxicity in patients using MPD. This study aimed to investigate the safety of MPD, with focus on the possible effects of this drug on renal function.

l-amino acid oxidase from Bothrops marajoensis causes nephrotoxicity in isolated perfused kidney and cytotoxicity in MDCK renal cells.

Renal alterations caused by Bothrops venom and its compounds are studied to understand these effects and provide the best treatment. Previously, we studied the renal effect of the whole venom of Bothrops marajoensis and its phospholipase A2 (PLA2), but these effects could not to be attributed to PLA2. To continue the study, we report in this short communication the effects of l-amino acid oxidase from B.

Isolation, homology modeling and renal effects of a C-type natriuretic peptide from the venom of the Brazilian yellow scorpion (Tityus serrulatus).

Mammalian natriuretic peptides (NPs) have been extensively investigated for use as therapeutic agents in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we describe the isolation, sequencing and tridimensional homology modeling of the first C-type natriuretic peptide isolated from scorpion venom. In addition, its effects on the renal function of rats and on the mRNA expression of natriuretic peptide receptors in the kidneys are delineated.

High-salt intake primes the rat kidney to respond to a subthreshold uroguanylin dose during ex vivo renal perfusion.

In a variety of animal models, uroguanylin causes diuresis, natriuresis and kaliuresis and is found in larger concentrations in the urine compared to controls after oral salt intake or in conditions of excess salt and fluid retention. It has been proposed that uroguanylin functions as an intestinal natriuretic hormone following intake of meals high in salt content. In the present work, we examined if 10 days of salt ingestion resulted in an enhanced response to uroguanylin in the isolated perfused rat kidney.