Fabrication of 3D printed patient-derived anthropomorphic breast phantoms for mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis: Imaging assessment with clinical X-ray spectra.

Purpose: To design, fabricate and characterize 3D printed, anatomically realistic, compressed breast phantoms for digital mammography (DM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) x-ray imaging.

Materials: We realized 3D printed phantoms simulating healthy breasts, via fused deposition modeling (FDM), with a layer resolution of 0.1 mm and 100% infill density, using a dual extruder printer.