Precision Medicine for Blood Glutamate Grabbing in Ischemic Stroke.

Glutamate grabbers, such as glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), have been proposed to prevent excitotoxicity secondary to high glutamate levels in stroke patients. However, the efficacy of blood glutamate grabbing by GOT could be dependent on the extent and severity of the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Our purpose was to analyze the relationship between GOT and glutamate concentration with the patient's functional status differentially according to BBB serum markers (soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and leukoaraiosis based on neuroimaging).

Systemic biomarker associated with poor outcome after futile reperfusion.

Background: Successful recanalization does not lead to complete tissue reperfusion in a considerable percentage of ischemic stroke patients. This study aimed to identify biomarkers associated with futile recanalization. Leukoaraiosis predicts poor outcomes of this phenomenon.

Perfusion-weighted software written in Python for DSC-MRI analysis.

Introduction: Dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion studies in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide valuable data for studying vascular cerebral pathophysiology in different rodent models of brain diseases (stroke, tumor grading, and neurodegenerative models). The extraction of these hemodynamic parameters via DSC-MRI is based on tracer kinetic modeling, which can be solved using deconvolution-based methods, among others. Most of the post-processing software used in preclinical studies is home-built and custom-designed.

Influence of Temperature Chronobiology on Stroke Outcome.

The circadian system regulates numerous physiological variables, including body temperature. Additionally, a circadian patter has been described in stroke onset. Considering this, we hypothesised that the chronobiology of temperature may have an impact on stroke onset and functional outcomes.

Recommendations for the diagnosis and radiological follow-up of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours.

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) constitute a heterogeneous group of tumours with a gradually increasing incidence, partly accounted for by more sensitive imaging techniques and more extensive experience in neuroradiology in this regard. Although most PitNETs are indolent, some exhibit aggressive behaviour, and recurrence may be seen after surgical removal. The changes introduced in the WHO classification in 2017 and terminological debates in relation to neuroendocrine tumours warrant an update of the guidelines for the diagnosis, preoperative and postoperative management, and follow-up of response to treatment of PitNETs.

Carotid web: the challenging diagnosis of an under-recognized entity.

Background: Determining the cause of acute ischemic stroke is crucial for patient management, particularly for preventing future stroke. In recent years, carotid web (CW), a non-atherosclerotic disorder of the carotid wall, has been found to be an underestimated source of cerebral emboli.

Objective: The present study aimed to analyze the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings, along with the treatments performed in patients with CW and ipsilateral ischemic events.

Thrombectomy aspiration post-market study in acute stroke with the Q aspiration catheter: the TAPAS study.

Background: The Q Aspiration Catheter (MIVI Neuro) has demonstrated greater aspiration flow rates and ingestion forces compared with conventional catheters in vitro. The safety and performance of the Q Catheter was assessed using a direct aspiration first pass technique in patients with acute ischemic stroke at four neurointerventional centers in Spain.

Methods: We included adult patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy between March 2019 and March 2020 using the Q Catheter as first-line therapy.

Antihyperthermic Treatment in the Management of Malignant Infarction of the Middle Cerebral Artery.

Malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery (m-MCA) is a complication of ischemic stroke. Since hyperthermia is a predictor of poor outcome, and antihyperthermic treatment is well tolerated, our main aim was to analyze whether the systemic temperature decrease within the first 24 h was associated with a better outcome. Furthermore, we studied potential biochemical and neuroimaging biomarkers.

Five-Years Angiographic Follow-Up of Wide-Neck Intracranial Aneurysms Treated With LEO Plus Stent.

This study aimed to evaluate the angiographic and clinical outcome, with an emphasis on long-term follow-up, of the LEO Plus stent for wide-neck intracranial aneurysms treated in a single center. We retrospectively examined a prospectively maintained database of patients treated with LEO Plus devices between January 2004 and December 2016. Data regarding patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, and technical procedures were analyzed.

Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms Using the New Silk Vista Flow Diverter: Safety Outcomes at Short-Term Follow-Up.

Flow diverters are widely used as the first endovascular treatment option for complex brain aneurysms due to their high percentage of occlusion and low morbi-mortality. The Silk Vista device is a new generation of flow diverters designed to facilitate full visibility, improve apposition to the vessel wall, and enhance navigability. Indeed, its greatest advantage is that it enables the easier navigation of stents between 3.

Balloon guide catheter improvements in thrombectomy outcomes persist despite advances in intracranial aspiration technology.

Background: First-pass effect (FPE) has been established as a key metric for technical success and strongly correlates with better clinical outcomes. Most data supporting improved outcomes with the use of a balloon guide catheter (BGC) predate the advent of last-generation large-bore intracranial aspiration catheters. We aim to evaluate the impact of BGC in FPE and clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients treated with contemporary technology.

Radiologic Clues to Cerebral Venous Thrombosis.

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is uncommon, representing approximately 0.5% of all cases of cerebrovascular disease worldwide. Many factors, alone or combined, can cause CVT.

Results of a Single Center's Stenting Procedure for the Treatment of Carotid Stenosis.

Background: Stenting may be a safer alternative to endarterectomy for treating carotid artery stenosis (CAS), but its long-term efficacy is uncertain. There is a lack of long-term and noncontrolled clinical trial data that reflects "real-world" CAS. This study aimed to analyze the long-term efficacy and safety of our center's CAS procedure.

Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage with Negative Angiography Managed in a Stroke Unit: Clinical and Prognostic Characteristics.

Background: Perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (p-SAH) is linked to a benign prognosis compared with aneurysmal SAH. However, the outcome in nonperimesencephalic angiographically negative SAH (np-SAH) is not well established. We reviewed our experience and evaluated the clinical and prognostic differences between patients with p-SAH and np-SAH.

In vivo gastric detection of α-synuclein inclusions in Parkinson's disease.

α-Synuclein inclusions have been identified in the brain and some parts of the enteric nervous system in Parkinson's disease cases. We aimed to assess these inclusions in gastric mucosa samples from patients with symptomatic Parkinson's disease. Random biopsies were performed by gastroscopy in 28 patients with Parkinson's disease and in 29 age- and sex-matched controls.

[CLIPPERS syndrome with atypical distribution of lesions in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain].

Introduction: CLIPPERS syndrome (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids) is an inflammatory process of the central nervous system whose distinguishing features are the enhancing punctiform lesions in the brainstem that appear in the magnetic resonance images. Clinically, it is accompanied by dysarthria, ataxia and diplopia, and usually responds to treatment with corticoids. Pathologically, T lymphocytes appear infiltrated in the perivascular spaces of the brainstem.

[Vagus nerve stimulation in patients with migraine].

Introduction: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been approved for the treatment of refractory epilepsy when resective surgery is not possible, and has proved to be highly effective. Series published in the literature suggest a beneficial effect of VNS in the treatment of migraine.

Aims: To determine the degree to which headaches improve in patients with migraine after the placement of VNS to treat refractory epilepsy, and to evaluate what variables are associated with an increased chance of success with this measure.