The bioaccumulation of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles (PVP-AgNPs) in Palmaria palmata and Ulva sp. seaweed was investigated by ICP-MS and SP-ICP-MS (determination of nanoparticles and size distribution after an enzymatic extraction). Seaweeds were exposed to 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe biological response to nanomaterials exposure depends on their properties, route of exposure, or model organism. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) are among the most used nanomaterials; however, concerns related to oxidative stress and metabolic effects resulting from their ingestion are rising. Therefore, in the present work, we addressed the metabolic effects of citrate-coated 45 nm TiO NPs combining bioaccumulation, tissue ultrastructure, and proteomics approaches on gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata and Japanese carpet shell, Ruditapes philippinarum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeaweeds are recognised as a potential eco-friendly food source. However, some species have shown the capacity to bioaccumulate many substances of diverse nature, such as inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), which may have potentially harmful effects on them. Among these NPs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used to enhance the antifungal and antibacterial properties of the final consumer products, such as textiles and food packages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLanthanide-doped up-converting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have emerged as promising biomedical tools in recent years. Most research efforts were devoted to the synthesis of inorganic cores with the optimal physicochemical properties. However, the careful design of UCNPs with the adequate surface coating to optimize their biological performance still remains a significant challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
January 2024
Some South American countries have ancient traditions that may pose legal problems, such as the consumption of coca leaves, as this can provide positive results for cocaine use after the analysis of biological samples. For this reason, it is necessary to find specific markers that help differentiate legal from illegal consumption, such as tropacocaine, cinnamoylcocaine, and especially hygrine and cuscohygrine. In this work, two techniques for collecting biological samples are compared: the Quantisal Oral Fluid collection device and passive drooling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr A
September 2023
A simple and highly efficient ultrasound assisted membrane-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) pre-treatment method for urine has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of twenty-two drugs involved in drug-facilitated sexual assaults (DFSAs) by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. MASE was performed with 4.0 mL of urine (pH adjusted at 12), 400 μL of hexane as an organic solvent inside the polypropylene membrane, and ultrasonication (45 kHz, 120 W) for 10 min.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimony tin oxide (SbO/SnO) is effective in the absorption of infrared radiation for applications, such as skylights. As a nanoparticle (NP), it can be incorporated into films or sheets providing infrared radiation attenuation while allowing for a transparent final product. The acute toxicity exerted by commercial SbO/SnO (ATO) NPs was studied in adults and embryos of zebrafish ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImaging studies by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry have been successfully developed to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on the presence/distribution of titanium (ionic titanium and/or titanium dioxide nanoparticles) in sea bream tissues (kidney, liver, and muscle) after exposure assays with 45-nm citrate-coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Laboratory-produced gelatine standards containing ionic titanium were used as a calibration strategy for obtaining laser ablation-based images using quantitative (titanium concentrations) data. The best calibration strategy consisted of using gelatine-based titanium standards (from 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA bioaccumulation study in red (Palmaria palmata) and green (Ulva sp.) seaweed has been carried out after exposure to different concentrations of citrate-coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles (5 and 25 nm) for 28 days. The concentration of total titanium and the number and size of accumulated nanoparticles in the seaweeds has been determined throughout the study by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and single particle-ICP-MS (SP-ICP-MS), respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current research deals with the use of single-cell inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (scICP-MS) for the assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO NP) and silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) associations in cell lines derived from aquaculture species (sea bass, sea bream, and clams). The optimization studies have considered the avoidance of high dissolved background, multi-cell peak coincidence, and possible spectral interferences. Optimum operating conditions were found when using a dwell time of 50 μs for silver and 100 μs for titanium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe global market for new psychoactive substances (NPSs) continues to expand, and the range of drugs available on the market has probably never been wider. Synthetic cannabinoids (SCRAs) constitute the largest family of NPSs, and they go unnoticed during illicit drug market control and during routine toxicological-forensic analysis. Membrane-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) has been a novelty proposed for the simultaneous extraction of SCRAs, and urine has been selected as a model forensic-clinical sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeaweed can bioaccumulate nanomaterials that would be transferred to the trophic chain. This work describes the optimization of a method for the separation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from seaweed using an ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis method and ulterior determination by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS). The following parameters affecting the isolation of AgNPs were optimized using a Palmaria palmata (red seaweed) sample previously exposed to AgNPs: type of sonication (bath vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) show autoantibodies against post-translational protein modifications (PTMs), such as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. However, the range of recognized PTMs is unknown. Here, we addressed four PTMs: chlorination, non-enzymatic glycation, nitration, and homocysteinylation, identified as targets of atypical RA autoantibodies in studies whose protocols we have followed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntensive production of nanomaterials, especially metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), and their release into the environment pose several risks for humans and ecosystem health. Consequently, high-efficiency analytical methodologies are required for control and characterization of these emerging pollutants. Single-particle inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) is a promising technique which allows the determination and characterization of MNPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present study aims to give information regarding the quantification of ZnO-NPs in canned seafood, which may be intentionally or unintentionally added, and to provide a first esteem of dietary exposure. Samples were subjected to an alkaline digestion and assessment of ZnO-NPs was performed by the single particle ICP-MS technique. ZnO-NPs were found with concentrations range from 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
January 2022
Metals, metallic compounds, and, recently, metallic nanoparticles appear in textiles due to impurities from raw materials, contamination during the manufacturing process, and/or their deliberate addition. However, the presence of lead, cadmium, chromium (VI), arsenic, mercury, and dioctyltin in textile products is regulated in Europe (Regulation 1907/2006). Metal determination in fabrics was performed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave-assisted acid digestion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, a first attempt for isolating and determining (characterising) background levels of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) in seaweed has been developed by using single particle inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS). Seaweeds were processed using an optimised ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) procedure based on tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) before dilution and SP-ICP-MS analysis. The effect of the TMAH percentage in the extracting solution, as well as the volume of extracting solution and sonication (extraction) time, has been fully assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of the present study was to investigate the bioavailability of aflatoxins (AFs) from fish, and chicken and rabbit livers using an dialyzability approach. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was used to assess the aflatoxin content in samples, as well as in dialyzate and residue fractions after the procedure. A vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (VALLME) technique was used for preconcentrating AFs before determination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecularly imprinted technology (MIT) consists of preparing materials exhibiting specific recognition cavities to selective mimic the target analytes. The prepared materials promote selective interactions with the targets and avoid interactions of concomitants from complex food, biological, clinical, and environmental matrices. This chapter provides information on a recent development of a vortex-assisted micro-solid phase extraction using a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as an adsorbent for aflatoxins (AFs) determination in cultured fish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Methods
August 2021
A selective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) adsorbent was synthesised and used in a batch micro-solid phase extraction format for isolating aflatoxins (AFB1, and AFB2) from non-dairy beverages before liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination. MIP synthesis (precipitation polymerization in 3 : 1 acetonitrile/toluene as a porogen) was performed with 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC), methacrylic acid (MAA) and divinylbenzene-80 (DVB) as a dummy template, functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively (1 : 4 : 20 molar ratio). 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was used as a polymerization initiator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTitanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) are widely used in industry as a white pigment (paints, paper industry and toothpastes), photocatalysts (environmental decontamination and photovoltaic cells), inorganic UV filter (sunscreens and personal care products) and as a food additive (E171) and antimicrobial food packaging material. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are used in photonics, microelectronics, catalysis and medicine due to their catalytic activity, magnetic and optical polarizability, electrical and thermal conductivities and enhanced Raman scattering. They also have antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities, as well as anti-inflammatory potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA method based on asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) coupled to ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been developed for silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) detection and quantification in bivalve molluscs. Samples were pre-treated using a conventional enzymatic (pancreatin and lipase) hydrolysis procedure (37 °C, 12 h). AF4 was performed using a regenerated cellulose (RC) membrane (10 kDa, 350 μm spacer) and aqueous 5 mM Tris-HCl pH = 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe European Food Safety Authority has published a guidance regarding risk assessment of nanomaterials in food and feed. Following these recommendations, an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion has been applied to study the biopersistence of TiO and Ag NPs in standards, molluscs and surimi. TiO NPs standards and TiO NPs/ TiO microparticles from E171 were not found to be degraded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrace elements in dried blood spots (DBSs) from newborns were determined by laser ablation coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and data were subjected to chemometric evaluation in an attempt to classify healthy newborns and newborns suffering from metabolic disorders. Unsupervised [principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA)] and supervised [linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and soft independent modeling by class analogy (SIMCA)] pattern recognition techniques were used as classification techniques. PCA and CA have shown a clear tendency to form two groups (healthy newborns and newborns suffering from metabolic disorders).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn contrast to most of essential and heavy metals, mercury levels in seaweed are very low, and pre-concentration methods are required for an adequate total mercury determination and mercury speciation in this foodstuff. An ionic imprinted polymer-based solid phase extraction (on column) pre-concentration procedure has been optimized for mercury species enrichment before liquid chromatography hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry determination. The polymer has been synthesized by the precipitation polymerization method and using a ternary pre-polymerization mixture containing the template (methylmercury), a non-vinylated monomer (phenobarbital), and a vinylated monomer (methacrylic acid).
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