Predicting Legionella contamination in cooling towers and evaporative condensers from microbiological and physicochemical parameters.

Background: Inhalation of Legionella-containing aerosols generated by cooling towers (CT) and evaporative condensers (EC) where water risk management is not performed correctly has been linked to a high percentage of community outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease (LD). Likewise, microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of the water in these facilities have been associated with this bacterium. The main aim of this study was to assess the risk of Legionella colonization in CT and EC based on the data for microbiological and physicochemical water quality provided by the Environmental Health Department and Laboratory of the City Council of L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona, Spain).

Exposure of zebrafish to elevated temperature induces sex ratio shifts and alterations in the testicular epigenome of unexposed offspring.

Accumulating evidence shows that environmental changes can affect population sex ratios through epigenetic regulation of gene expression in species where sex depends on both genetic and environmental cues. Sometimes, altered sex ratios persist in the next generation even when the environmental cue is no longer present (a multigenerational effect). However, evidence of transgenerational effects (i.

Traceability of different brands of bottled mineral water during shelf life, using PCR-DGGE and next generation sequencing techniques.

Natural mineral waters contain indigenous bacteria characteristic of each spring source. Once bottled, these communities change over time until the water is consumed. Bottle material is believed to play a major role in the succession of these populations, but very few studies to date have evaluated the effect of this material on bacterial communities.

Long-term risk of cardiovascular events after detecting silent coronary atheromatosis using computed tomography.

Background: Coronary calcium score (CCS) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) assessments using multidetector computed tomography are invaluable for atheromatosis screening. We studied their usefulness in cardiovascular risk assessments, and compared evaluations using the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm with those from CTA and CSS assessments in terms of their ability to predict cardiovascular events in Mediterranean patients.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred and sixty-six asymptomatic patients whose mean age was 55.

Identifying Prognostic Factors for Well-Differentiated Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours: A Retrospective International Multicentre Cohort Study.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (pNETs) represent rare neoplasms of all NETs often presenting without functional activity. Many sporadic non-functioning pNET patients are already metastatic at the time of diagnosis, and the therapeutic approach to such patients is mostly palliative. In this international, multicentre, retrospective cohort study, we assessed the prognostic value of a set of anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, radiological and pathological parameters at baseline and the impact of the therapeutic strategies on the survival of patients with sporadic grade 1/2, stage IV, non-functioning pNETs.

Use of non-linear mixed-effects modelling and regression analysis to predict the number of somatic coliphages by plaque enumeration after 3 hours of incubation.

The present study aimed to establish the kinetics of the appearance of coliphage plaques using the double agar layer titration technique to evaluate the feasibility of using traditional coliphage plaque forming unit (PFU) enumeration as a rapid quantification method. Repeated measurements of the appearance of plaques of coliphages titrated according to ISO 10705-2 at different times were analysed using non-linear mixed-effects regression to determine the most suitable model of their appearance kinetics. Although this model is adequate, to simplify its applicability two linear models were developed to predict the numbers of coliphages reliably, using the PFU counts as determined by the ISO after only 3 hours of incubation.

Canalization technique to obtain deep tissue biopsy of gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors as an alternative to conventional known techniques.

Background And Objectives: The most accurate technology to detect and diagnose subepithelial tumors (SETs) is the endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) combined with puncture techniques, such as the endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) or the endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle biopsy. Going further in the improvement of the results of tumor samples obtained endoscopically to diagnose the SETs, the canalization technique guided by miniprobes (MPs) to obtain biopsies of SET could be an alternative to EUS-FNA. The objective of this study is to analyze the results of samples obtained by this procedure.