Pancreatic development in newborn guinea pigs fed intact or low-hydrolyzed protein formulas.

Aim: To evaluate pancreatic development in newborn guinea pigs fed since birth intact or low-hydrolyzed protein formulas compared with breast milk.

Methods: Forty-five newborn guinea pigs were allocated to three feeding regimens: breast milk (n=15) and two isocaloric isonitrogen milk formulas containing intact (n=15) or low-hydrolyzed proteins (n=15). Body weight and food consumption were recorded every day.

Increase of faecal bifidobacteria due to dietary oligosaccharides induces a reduction of clinically relevant pathogen germs in the faeces of formula-fed preterm infants.

Unlabelled: In a previous study on formula-fed preterm infants, we were able to demonstrate that dietary oligosaccharides (a mixture of 90% galacto-oligosaccharides and 10% fructo-oligosaccharides in a concentration of 1 g/dl) stimulate the growth of faecal bifidobacteria. In the present explorative analysis of this study, we focus on the effect of the dominance of bifidobacteria on the presence of clinically relevant pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, Streptococcus group B, Clostridium difficile, Bacillus subtilis and Acinetobacter).

Conclusion: The data demonstrate that stimulation of bifidobacteria by prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the presence of clinically relevant pathogens in the faecal flora, indicating that prebiotic substances might have the capacity to protect against enteral infections.

Epileptic seizures, epilepsy and epileptic syndromes in newborns: a nosological approach to 94 new cases by the 2001 proposed diagnostic scheme for people with epileptic seizures and with epilepsy.

Purpose: To assess the advantages of the 2001 ILAE proposed diagnostic scheme for classification of newborns with epileptic seizures over the 1989 ILAE classification.

Method: Clinical features, seizure semiology and duration, neurological evaluation, ictal and interictal EEG, brain imaging and outcome at the end of the neonatal period (44 weeks post-conceptional age) of 94 newborns with EEG confirmed seizures were analyzed. The 2001 ILAE classification was applied where possible.

Influence of breast feeding, and adapted and hydrolyzed formulas on biliary bile acids in newborn guinea pigs.

Background: The type of feeding can differently influence bile acid ontogeny during the period of physiologic cholestasis that characterizes early human development.

Aim: To investigate the effects of feeding from birth, conventional or partially protein hydrolyzed cow's milk formulas were compared with breast milk regarding bile acid concentration and the composition of gallbladder bile in newborn guinea pigs.

Methods: Forty newborn guinea pigs were allocated to one of three different feeding regimens: breast milk (n = 14), intact protein formula (n = 13) and partially protein hydrolyzed formula (n = 13).