Context: Ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) has been proposed for treatment of benign thyroid nodules (TNs). However, there is no consensus for the optimal amount of ethanol injection, number of applications, and time to re-evaluation in order to achieve maximum volume reduction with minimum adverse effects.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effectiveness of an US-guided PEI protocol to treat solid and mixed TNs based on a new target outcome.