MYC Inhibition Halts Metastatic Breast Cancer Progression by Blocking Growth, Invasion, and Seeding.

Unlabelled: MYC's role in promoting tumorigenesis is beyond doubt, but its function in the metastatic process is still controversial. Omomyc is a MYC dominant negative that has shown potent antitumor activity in multiple cancer cell lines and mouse models, regardless of their tissue of origin or driver mutations, by impacting on several of the hallmarks of cancer. However, its therapeutic efficacy against metastasis has not been elucidated yet.

Effect of cellular senescence on the growth of HER2-positive breast cancers.

Background: Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is a tumor suppressor mechanism. However, senescent cells remain viable and display a distinct secretome (also known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype [SASP] or senescence messaging secretome, [SMS]) that, paradoxically, includes protumorigenic factors. OIS can be triggered by ectopic overexpression of HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase and the driving oncogene in a subtype of human breast cancer.

Constitutive HER2 signaling promotes breast cancer metastasis through cellular senescence.

Senescence, a terminal cell proliferation arrest, can be triggered by oncogenes. Oncogene-induced senescence is classically considered a tumor defense barrier. However, several findings show that, under certain circumstances, senescent cells may favor tumor progression because of their secretory phenotype.

A naturally occurring HER2 carboxy-terminal fragment promotes mammary tumor growth and metastasis.

HER2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor causally involved in cancer. A subgroup of breast cancer patients with particularly poor clinical outcomes expresses a heterogeneous collection of HER2 carboxy-terminal fragments (CTFs). However, since the CTFs lack the extracellular domain that drives dimerization and subsequent activation of full-length HER2, they are in principle expected to be inactive.