Effect of beverages on bovine dental enamel subjected to erosive challenge with hydrochloric acid.

This study evaluated by an in vitro model the effect of beverages on dental enamel previously subjected to erosive challenge with hydrochloric acid. The factor under study was the type of beverage, in five levels: Sprite® Zero Low-calorie Soda Lime (positive control), Parmalat® ultra high temperature (UHT) milk, Ades® Original soymilk, Leão® Ice Tea Zero ready-to-drink low-calorie peach-flavored black teaand Prata® natural mineral water (negative control). Seventy-five bovine enamel specimens were distributed among the five types of beverages (n=15), according to a randomized complete block design.

[AIDS and transmissible opportunistic diseases in the Brazilian border area].

Introduction: Person-to-person transmission of HIV and other communicable diseases may be associated with human geographic mobility. This article evaluated the incidence of transmissible opportunistic diseases among AIDS cases that had been reported by municipalities in the Brazilian border area.

Methods: Brazilian border area municipalities were grouped into three cultural regions; the source data was AIDS cases registered with the Ministry of Health from 1990 to 2003, which were classified according to CDC-adapted, Rio de Janeiro/Caracas and death criteria; detected communicable opportunistic diseases were categorized into groups according to transmission: 1) inhalation agent; 2) contaminated water and/or food ingestion, and 3) interpersonal contact.

Effect of bleaching agents on enamel permeability.

Purpose: To evaluate enamel permeability after external bleaching procedures.

Methods: The coronal portion of 75 human canines were covered with an acid resistant varnish, except for a 7.1 mm2 circular area on the labial surface and, according to a randomized complete block design, specimens were allocated to bleaching treatments using carbamide peroxide-containing agents (CP): 10%, 16% or 37%; or a 35% hydrogen peroxide product (HP).

The effect of 10% carbamide peroxide, carbopol and/or glycerin on enamel and dentin microhardness.

This study evaluated the effects of 10% carbamide peroxide, carbopol and glycerin and their associations on microhardness over time on enamel and dentin. Eight treatment agents were evaluated: a commercial bleaching agent containing 10% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence 10% Ultradent), 10% carbamide peroxide, carbopol, glycerin, 10% carbamide peroxide + carbopol, 10% carbamide peroxide + glycerin, carbopol + glycerin and 10% carbamide peroxide + carbopol + glycerin. Three hundred and twenty human dental fragments, 80 sound enamel fragments (SE), 80 demineralized enamel fragments (DE), 80 sound dentin fragments (SD) and 80 demineralized dentin (DD) fragments, were exposed to the treatment agents (n=10).

Textural characterization of finished and polished composites over time of intraoral exposure.

This in situ study sought to evaluate the surface roughness evolution of resin composites finished and polished by different methods. A total of 108 rectangular-shaped specimens of a microfilled and a hybrid composite were cured against a Mylar matrix strip and left unpolished or instrumented with diamond burs, Al2O3-coated disks, Al2O3-impregnated UDMA disk, or with diamond burs followed by either one of the disks. After specimens had been profiled for the average surface roughness (Ra, microm), 18 volunteers wore a removable palatal appliance, which accommodated one specimen of each one of the 12 groups investigated.

Impaired quality of life of healthy young smokers.

Study Objective: To investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQL) profile of healthy young subjects with a short smoking history.

Design: Observational data at a single point in time.

Setting: Survey in two public universities.

The effects of seven carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on enamel microhardness over time.

Background: Different concentrations of carbamide peroxide (10 to 22 percent) have been used successfully as bleaching agents, but the adverse effects on enamel microhardness at different times are unknown.

Methods: The authors analyzed seven bleaching agents and a placebo. The agents were applied on the surface of human dental fragments for eight hours per day for 42 days and stored in vials containing artificial saliva.

Effects of a carbamide peroxide agent and desensitizing dentifrices on enamel microhardness.

Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro microhardness of enamel treated with a 10% carbamide peroxide agent and two desensitizing dentifrices at different bleaching times.

Materials And Methods: A 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent was evaluated (Rembrandt 10%) (REM). A placebo agent was used as a control group (PLA).

Influence of storage regime prior to abrasion on surface topography of restorative materials.

This investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of storage conditions prior to brushing simulation on surface texture of restorative materials. One resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC Improved/GC Corp.), one polyacid-modified composite resin (Dyract AP/Denstply), one microfill composite (Durafill VS/Kulzer), and one hybrid (Filtek-Z250/3M) composite were tested.

Cariostatic effect of fluoride-containing restorative systems associated with dentifrices on root dentin.

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the interaction between two sources of fluoride (restorative systems and dentifrices) in inhibiting artificial root caries development.

Methods: One hundred and eighty tooth segments were embedded in polyester resin, and sanded flat. Cylindrical cavities 1.

[Characteristics of anticontraception methods used in São Paulo State, Brazil (correction)].

Objective: To analyze data on contraceptive use in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, collected by the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 1996.

Methods: The study data were compared to 1986 DHS and 1996 data on the Brazilian population. Contraceptive use among married or cohabiting women was evaluated focusing on age, number of children, schooling, and age and timing of female sterilization.