TIM-3, LAG-3, or 2B4 gene disruptions increase the anti-tumor response of engineered T cells.

Background: In adoptive T cell therapy, the long term therapeutic benefits in patients treated with engineered tumor specific T cells are limited by the lack of long term persistence of the infused cellular products and by the immunosuppressive mechanisms active in the tumor microenvironment. Exhausted T cells infiltrating the tumor are characterized by loss of effector functions triggered by multiple inhibitory receptors (IRs). In patients, IR blockade reverts T cell exhaustion but has low selectivity, potentially unleashing autoreactive clones and resulting in clinical autoimmune side effects.

Longitudinal study of total body potassium in healthy men.

Objectives: Total body potassium (TBK) is an index of fat-free mass and an accurate measure of body cell mass (BCM). To date, however, no longitudinal studies have evaluated body composition using TBK in aging healthy adults. The purpose of this study was to assess TBK and BCM in healthy men over a 21-year period, and to evaluate changes with age.