Discovery of small molecules against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by targeting NendoU activity.

Unlabelled: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) remains a major threat to animal health and causes substantial economic losses worldwide. The nonstructural protein 11 (NSP11) of the causative agent, PRRS virus (PRRSV), contains a highly conserved nidoviral uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU) domain essential for viral replication and immune evasion. Targeting NSP11 offers a novel approach to antiviral intervention.

Identification of New Compounds against PRRSV Infection by Directly Targeting CD163.

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSV) led to a global panzootic and huge economical losses to the pork industry. PRRSV targets the scavenger receptor CD163 for productive infection. However, currently no effective treatment is available to control the spread of this disease.

Cryptotanshinone protects porcine alveolar macrophages from infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection, imposes enormous economic impact to the world pork industry. Currently there is no effective treatment to prevent PRRSV infection in swine. We report that the natural compound cryptotanshinone (Cpt) effectively inhibits the infection of various strains of PRRSV to porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), the primary cell target of PRRSV in vivo.

Small molecules block the interaction between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and CD163 receptor and the infection of pig cells.

Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating diseases affecting the pork industry globally. PRRS is caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV). Currently there are no effective treatments against this swine disease.

Broad Protection of Pigs against Heterologous PRRSV Strains by a GP5-Mosaic DNA Vaccine Prime/GP5-Mosaic rVaccinia (VACV) Vaccine Boost.

Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) viruses are a major cause of disease and economic loss in pigs worldwide. High genetic diversity among PRRSV strains is problematic for successful disease control by vaccination. Mosaic DNA and vaccinia (VACV) vaccines were developed in order to improve protection against heterologous PRRSV strains.

Canine circoviral hemorrhagic enteritis in a dog in Connecticut.

A 5-mo-old Bassett Hound-Labrador Retriever cross was autopsied following a bout of lethargy, inappetence, and bleeding gums. Mucous membranes were white, and the small intestine was blue-black; the colon contained black feces. The spleen was swollen, and multiple lymph nodes were enlarged and hemorrhagic.

Correction: A PRRSV GP5-Mosaic vaccine: Protection of pigs from challenge and ex vivo detection of IFNγ responses against several genotype 2 strains.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

A PRRSV GP5-Mosaic vaccine: Protection of pigs from challenge and ex vivo detection of IFNγ responses against several genotype 2 strains.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), is a highly mutable RNA virus that affects swine worldwide and its control is very challenging due to its formidable heterogeneity in the field. In the present study, DNA vaccines constructed with PRRSV GP5-Mosaic sequences were complexed to cationic liposomes and administered to experimental pigs by intradermal and intramuscular injection, followed by three boosters 14, 28 and 42 days later. The GP5-Mosaic vaccine thus formulated was immunogenic and induced protection from challenge in vaccinated pigs comparable to that induced by a wild type (VR2332) GP5 DNA vaccine (GP5-WT).

ELISA Serology for Antibodies Against in Crohn's Disease.

Background: Recently we reported IgA anti- antibodies in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), in particular in four patients from a single family of six with CD.

Methods: We studied sera from four cohorts from the north of France. These were identified as: EPIMAD (80 pediatric onset CD and 20 pediatric onset ulcerative colitis), MINOTOR (148 adult onset sporadic CD and 50 adult onset ulcerative colitis), Grande Famillies (50) and matched controls for the Grande Famillies cohort (49).

The activation of the IFNβ induction/signaling pathway in porcine alveolar macrophages by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is variable.

Background: It has been recognized that the expression of type I interferon (IFNα/β) may be suppressed during infection with porcine reproductive, respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). This causes profound negative effects on both the innate and adaptive immunity of the host resulting in persistence of infection.

Objective: Test the effects of PRRSV infection of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), the main target cell, on the expression of interferon beta (IFNβ) and downstream signaling events.

Molecular characterization of rotavirus isolated from alpaca (Vicugna pacos) crias with diarrhea in the Andean Region of Cusco, Peru.

Alpacas (Vicugna pacos), a species of South American camelids (SAC), suffer high morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases. Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of alpaca cria mortality in Peru and elsewhere. In order to develop appropriate control and/or treatment, it is necessary to identify infectious pathogens that cause diarrhea in crias.

A Novel Vaccine Using Nanoparticle Platform to Present Immunogenic M2e against Avian Influenza Infection.

Using peptide nanoparticle technology, we have designed two novel vaccine constructs representing M2e in monomeric (Mono-M2e) and tetrameric (Tetra-M2e) forms. Groups of specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens were immunized intramuscularly with Mono-M2e or Tetra-M2e with and without an adjuvant. Two weeks after the second boost, chickens were challenged with 107.

Search for evidence of recurring or persistent viruses in Crohn's disease.

New-onset Crohn's disease and acute flares are often associated with viral infections. The aim of this study was to search for evidence of persistent or recurrent viruses in patients. Tissue blocks were obtained from surgical specimens from patients and a control population.

Pregnancy increases the risk of mortality in West Nile virus-infected mice.

West Nile fever outbreaks in the USA have caused over 700 human deaths, primarily due to neurological disease. The usual transmission route of West Nile virus (WNV) involves mosquito bites; however, alternative routes, including intrauterine infection, have also been reported. Here, the pathogenicity of WNV in mice during gestation has been investigated.