Analysing Physical Performance Indicators Measured with Electronic Performance Tracking Systems in Men's Beach Volleyball Formative Stages.

Sports performance initiation is of significant interest in sports sciences, particularly in beach volleyball (BV), where players usually combine indoor and BV disciplines in the formative stages. This research aimed to apply an electronic performance tracking system to quantify the physical-conditional performance of young male BV players during competition, considering age group (U15 or U19), sport specialisation (indoor or beach) and the set outcome (winner or loser). Thirty-two young male players, categorised by age and sport specialisation, were analysed during 40 matches using electronic performance tracking systems (Wimu PRO).

Single-Leg Countermovement Jump Compensation Assessment: Content Validity of a Checklist.

Jump actions are common in several sports, and their performance is related to a myriad of biomechanical and physiological factors, with links to athletic performance and imbalances. Currently, a valid, field-based, easy-to-use tool to assess the quality of an explosive jump movement, similar to the required sports movements, is unavailable. Thus, the present study aimed to design and validate a field-based, easy-to-use tool that can be used to assess the quality of movement during an explosive single-leg countermovement jump (SL-CMJ).

Comparison of Rally Length between Women and Men in High-Level Spanish Volleyball.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the rally length in high-level Spanish volleyball was longer in women than in men. A total of 1,786 rallies were observed: 792 for women and 994 for men. The recorded variables were match (quarter-final 1, quarter-final 2, semi-final 1, semi-final 2, final), gender (men, women), rally length (seconds), pseudo-rally (no, yes), and terminal event (ball out of sight, ball in/out, fault).

Assessing the Maximal Mechanical Capacities Through the Load-Velocity Relationship in Elite Versus Junior Male Volleyball Players.

Background: Physical testing is crucial for athlete monitoring, talent identification, optimizing training, and tailoring programs to enhance game-performance in elite competitions.

Hypothesis: Load-velocity (L-V) relationship variables discriminate between elite and junior volleyball players, correlate with volleyball-specific performance, and are generalizable across lower- and upper-body exercises.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Physical-Performance Changes Over the Season: Are They Related to Game-Performance Indicators in Elite Men Volleyball Players?

Background: The development and influence of physical capabilities and game action performance over the course of the season are a big challenge for coaches and players.

Purpose: The aims of the present study were to examine (1) the seasonal changes in the physical capabilities (mechanical and kinematic) and game-performance indicators in top-level men volleyball players and (2) the relationship between these physical capabilities and game-performance indicators in official matches.

Methods: Eleven top-level players participated.

Applying Unsupervised Machine Learning Models to Identify Serve Performance Related Indicators in Women's Volleyball.

In volleyball, the effect of different factors on serve performance has usually been analyzed with traditional statistical techniques such as logistic regression or discriminant analysis. In this study, two of the main models used in unsupervised machine learning (cluster and principal component analysis) were applied to achieve these objectives: (a) to create groups of players considering their serve coefficient, age, height, and team ranking, and (b) to identify which variables related to the serve (type and performance), the players (role, age, and height), and the teams (ranking, match location, and quality of opposition) most explained the total variance of the data during an entire women's volleyball season. A total of 20,936 serves were analyzed during the 132 matches played in the 2017-2018 season in the Liga Iberdrola (women Spanish first division).

Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Devices to Measure Jump Height in Men's Handball Players.

Unlabelled: Although there is a wide range of validated devices to measure vertical jump height, the degree of interchangeability among them is currently unknown.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine the concurrent validity and reliability of multiple devices to measure jump height in men's handball players.

Methods: Sixteen players (age = 24.

The influence of removing home advantage on the Chinese Football Super League.

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 season Chinese Super League (CSL) was held in neutral venues, this study aims to analyse the impact of removing home advantage (HA) in CSL.

Method: 240 games of the CSL 2019 season (home and away double round-robin system) and 160 games of the 2020 season (in neutral venues) were analysed. 27 technical and tactical performance indicators were involved as dependent variables.

Influence of oral contraceptive phase on cardiorespiratory response to exercise in endurance-trained athletes.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the cardiorespiratory response to exercise during an oral contraceptive (OC) cycle in endurance-trained women.

Methods: Sixteen low-dose monophasic OC pill (OCP) users performed an interval-running protocol. The protocol consisted of eight 3 min bouts at 85% of participants' maximal aerobic speed (vo) with a 90s recovery at 30% vo in two OC phases: a withdrawal phase (WP) and an active pill phase (APP).

Impact of Possession and Player Position on Physical and Technical-Tactical Performance Indicators in the Chinese Football Super League.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of high (HPBPT) and low percentage ball possession teams (LPBPT) on physical and technical-tactical performance indicators in the Chinese Football Super League (CSL). Eight physical performance indicators and 26 technical-tactical performance indicators from all 240 matches from season 2018 were analyzed, as well as three contextual variables (team strength, quality of opposition, and match location). Players were divided according to five positions: fullbacks, central defenders, wide midfielders, central midfielders, and attackers.

Personal and Social Responsibility Development in a Volleyball Hybrid Positive Youth Development Program: A Mixed Methods Approach.

Positive Youth Development (PYD) programs are being used to foster holistic growth in children and adolescents. The hybridized application of two or more programs of this type has acquired special relevance in recent years. Although their application is common in the school context, there are few research studies that attempt their implementation in an extracurricular context.

Impact of Scoring First on Match Outcome in the Chinese Football Super League.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of scoring first on match outcomes in the Chinese Football Super League (CSL). A total of 1,116 matches in which at least one goal was scored from the 2014 to 2018 seasons were collected. Match outcomes, absolute goal differences, the minute of the first goal, match locations, and teams' budgets were analyzed.

The force-velocity profile as determinant of spike and serve ball speed in top-level male volleyball players.

Understanding the relationship between mechanical variables derived from actions such as jumping, sprinting, or ballistic bench press throwing and sport-specific performance moves is of scientific and practical interest for strength and conditioning coaches for improving training programs. We examined the association between mechanical variables derived from the force-velocity (FV) profiles of the aforementioned actions and spike and serve ball speeds in elite volleyball players. Twenty-two male elite volleyball players (age: 24.

Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Physical Fitness in Amateur and Professional Volleyball: A Meta-Analysis.

We aimed to examine the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on measures of physical fitness in amateur and professional volleyball players. A systematic electronic literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. Controlled studies including pre-to-post intervention tests of physical fitness and involving healthy volleyball players regardless of age and sex were considered.

Methodological Approach of the Iron and Muscular Damage: Female Metabolism and Menstrual Cycle during Exercise Project (IronFEMME Study).

: The increase in exercise levels in the last few years among professional and recreational female athletes has led to an increased scientific interest about sports health and performance in the female athlete population. The purpose of the IronFEMME Study described in this protocol article is to determine the influence of different hormonal profiles on iron metabolism in response to endurance exercise, and the main markers of muscle damage in response to resistance exercise; both in eumenorrheic, oral contraceptive (OC) users and postmenopausal well-trained women. : This project is an observational controlled randomized counterbalanced study.

Effects of Resistance Training on Arterial Stiffness in Healthy People: A Systematic Review.

The influence of aerobic training on cardiovascular disorders has already been demonstrated. However, the effect of resistance training is less well known. Arterial stiffness is an increasingly important measure in cardiovascular health.

The Sequencing of Game Complexes in Women's Volleyball.

In volleyball, each team must use no more than three hits to return the ball to the opponent's court. This unique aspect of volleyball means that playing actions can be grouped into different complexes, mainly based on the initial defensive action. The purpose of this study was to find out which game complexes are most common in women's volleyball and how those phases are sequenced.

Analysis of jump load during a volleyball season in terms of player role.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the jump load performed by top-level volleyball players during an entire training season in terms of the player role, training period, type of daily training, and quality of opposition in the subsequent match.

Design: Longitudinal panel observational study.

Methods: The total number of jumps performed by players was recorded through 174 training days distributed in 32 weeks during the 2016/2017 season (pre-season, 5 weeks; in-season, 27 weeks).

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Female Volleyball Players: Is It Related with Performance Indices?

The aim of the present study was to examine subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution in female volleyball players with regards to (a) variation by anatomical site, (b) differences among age groups and playing positions, and (c) physiological characteristics associated with performance. Participants were adolescent ( = 89, age 15.6 ± 0.

In Search for Volleyball Entertainment: Impact of New Game Rules on Score and Time-Related Variables.

The aim of this research was to analyse the impact of various game structures on score and time-related variables in elite volleyball. A total of 114 male matches and 76 female matches (38 matches for each tournament) were analysed in under-23 world championships. An observational design was implemented to measure match duration, points scored per match and set, set point differences, tournament phase, match balance, and set tendencies in various game structures (set to 21, to 25 or to 15 points) in male and female categories.

Influence of Contextual Variables on Performance of The Libero Player in Top-Level Women's Volleyball.

Sports performance changes dynamically according to multiple variables during a match. Contextual variables play an important role in complex situations and influence player's performance depending on the player's role. The aim of this study was to analyze performance of the libero player in terms of contextual variables in top-level women's volleyball.

What are the Most Widely used and Effective Attack Coverage Systems in Men's Volleyball?

In volleyball, attack coverage is one of the play actions most neglected in coaching and research. The purpose of this study was to find out which attack coverage systems are used by high-level men's teams in different game situations and the characteristics of the most effective systems. We analysed 15 matches from the 2010 Men's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, with a total of 1,415 coverage actions.

Methodological Characteristics and Future Directions for Plyometric Jump Training Research: A Scoping Review.

Recently, there has been a proliferation of published articles on the effect of plyometric jump training, including several review articles and meta-analyses. However, these types of research articles are generally of narrow scope. Furthermore, methodological limitations among studies (e.

Evolution of Game Demands From Young to Elite Players in Men's Volleyball.

Purpose: To assess the evolution of the volleyball's game demands throughout players' development in men's volleyball.

Methods: A total of 150 sets and 6.671 rallies were analyzed.

Effect of Age Group on Technical-Tactical Performance Profile of the Serve in Men's Volleyball.

The aim of this study was to analyze the technical-tactical performance profile of the serve for various age groups and categories of competition in men's volleyball. The sample comprised 13,262 serves performed by 986 players in 299 sets observed in various categories of competition (U-14, U-16, U-19, national senior, and international senior). An observational design was used.