Is it Time to Perform Only Magnetic Resonance Imaging Targeted Cores? Our Experience with 1,032 Men Who Underwent Prostate Biopsy.

Purpose: We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose clinically significant prostate cancer and compared it with the diagnostic accuracy of transperineal saturation prostate biopsy.

Materials And Methods: From January 2011 to February 2018 repeat saturation prostate biopsy (the reference test) was done due to suspicion of cancer in 1,032 men with a median age of 63 years in whom median prostate specific antigen was 8.6 ng/ml.

Surgical Resection for Pulmonary Carcinoid: Long-Term Results of Multicentric Study-The Importance of Pathological N Status, More Than We Thought.

Background: Histological subdivision into typical (TC) and atypical (AC) is crucial for treatment and prognosis of lung carcinoids but can be also very challenging, even for experts. In this study, we aimed to strengthen or reduce the prognostic value of several pathological, clinical, or per-operative factors some of which are still controversial.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical records related to 195 patients affected by TC (159) or AC (36) surgically treated between 2000 and 2014, in three different centers.

Multiparametric MRI Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Accuracy in Diagnosing Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer.

Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging apparent diffusion coefficient (mpMRI ADC) in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa).

Patients And Methods: From January 2016 to December 2016, 44 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for PCa and mpMRI lesions suggestive of cancer were retrospectively evaluated at definitive specimen. The accuracy of suspicious mpMRI prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS ≥3) vs.

Leucine zipper, down regulated in cancer-1 gene expression in prostate cancer.

Numerous genetic alterations have been implicated in the development of prostate cancer (PCa). DNA and protein microarrays have enabled the identification of genes associated with apoptosis, which is important in PCa development. Despite the molecular mechanisms are not entirely understood, inhibition of apoptosis is a critical pathophysiological factor that contributes to the onset and progression of PCa.

Genetic screening in young women diagnosed with endometrial cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the importance of Lynch syndrome associated risk screening in the patients aged less than 50 years affected from endometrial cancer.

Methods: From 2007 to 2014, 41 patients affected from endometrial cancer and aged less than 50 years underwent surgery at the Complex Operative Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cannizzaro Hospital of Catania, Italy. They were selected to undergo mismatch repair gene mutation analysis using immunohistochemistry (IHC; four markers: MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) and microsatellite instability (MSI) test.

Preoperative findings, pathological stage PSA recurrence in men with prostate cancer incidentally detected at radical cystectomy: our experience in 242 cases.

Purpose: Preoperative findings, pathological stage PSA recurrence in patients with prostate cancer incidentally detected (iPCa) at radical cystectomy (RCP) were prospectively evaluated.

Methods: From July 2000 to July 2013, 242 men 71 years old (median) underwent RCP; preoperatively, all patients underwent digital rectal examination (DRE), total and free/total PSA. The bladder was totally examined; moreover, the prostate gland was step-sectioned at 4-mm intervals.

Cerebellar degeneration-related autoantigen 1 (CDR1) gene expression in prostate cancer cell lines.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer among men in many developing countries, and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. A genetic component has been implicated in PCa onset and development. The cerebellar degeneration-related autoantigen 1 (CDR1) gene, mapping in Xq26-q27.

Ameloblastoma of the sinonasal tract: report of a case with clinicopathologic considerations.

Ameloblastomas are locally aggressive jaw tumours with a high propensity for recurrence and are believed to arise from remnants of dental lamina or odontogenic epithelium. Extragnathic ameloblastomas are unusual, and primary sinonasal tract origin is very uncommon with few cases reported in the literature. We herein report a case of primary sinonasal ameloblastoma presented in a 74-year-old male with nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, and sinusitis.

PCA3 score and prostate cancer diagnosis at repeated saturation biopsy. Which cut-off: 20 or 35?

Purpose: To compare PCA3 score cut-off of 35 vs 20 in PCa diagnosis in patients undergoing repeated saturation prostate biopsy (SPBx).

Material And Methods: From January 2010 to May 2011, 118 patients (median 62.5 years) with primary negative extended biopsy underwent a transperineal SPBx (median 30 cores) for persistent suspicion of PCa.

Is PCA3 score useful in preoperative staging of a single microfocus of prostate cancer diagnosed at saturation biopsy?

Objective: To evaluate prostate cancer gene 3 (PCA3) score accuracy in preoperative staging of cases of single microfocus of prostate cancer (PCa; less than 5% with Gleason score ≤6) diagnosed after repeat saturation biopsy (median 30 cores).

Methods: From January 2009 to March 2012, 38 patients (median 64 years) with a microfocus of PCa, median PSA of 9.1 ng/ml and T1c clinical stage underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Solitary giant sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder. A case report.

A case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder (SCB) presenting as a giant intravesical mass in a 75-year-old man complaining of lower urinary tract swmptoms (LUTS), abdominal pain and fever is reported. SCB is a rare (0.1% of all primary bladder tumors), aggressive cancer with a complex histology (a biphasic tumor with malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements) and poor prognosis.

Persistent increase in alpha-fetoprotein level in a patient without underlying liver disease who underwent curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal protein produced by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AFP level can also be elevated in other neoplastic or non-neoplastic conditions. An elevated AFP level has high diagnostic significance for HCC; at a level of >200 ng/mL, the probability of HCC is >90%.

Epidermal growth factor receptor and caveolin-1 coexpression identifies adult supratentorial ependymomas with rapid unfavorable outcomes.

Supratentorial ependymomas account for a minority of intracranial ependymomas, which still have uncertain prognostic markers. Among them, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression correlates with a poor prognosis. In glioblastoma cells, EGFR function has been reported to be regulated by its migration from cell membrane infoldings called caveolae and by its colocalization with the caveolae-associated protein caveolin-1 (cav-1).

Is transition zone sampling at repeated saturation prostate biopsy still useful?

Objectives: To evaluate retrospectively the detection rate of prostate cancer (PCa) located only in the transition zone (TZ) by directed cores at repeated saturation prostate biopsy (SPB).

Methods: From July 2001 to December 2009, 380 and 43 patients (median age: 63 years) underwent second and third SPB because they were persistently suspicious for PCa. Indications for biopsy were: prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of >10 ng/ml, and PSA between 4.

Is PSA density still useful in diagnosing prostate cancer?

Objective: To evaluate the concordance between the PSAD (PSA density) values calculated using the actual prostate weight and the PSAD values calculated by using the dimensions of the gland given by the pathologist when freshly excised (volume 1) or using TRUS measures (volume 2). Diagnostic accuracy of PSAD in diagnosing PCa (prostate cancer) was evaluated and compared with accuracy obtained using PSA free/total (FIT).

Material And Methods: 102 consecutive patients with PSA included between 2 and 10 ng/mL underwent radical prostatectomy.

An unusual association of diffuse adenomyomatosis with dysplastic adenoma in chronic calculous cholecystitis: case presentation.

Background: Gallbladder adenomyomatosis is an epithelial proliferation and hypertrophy of the muscularis mucosae of the gallbladder. Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses are a characteristic of this condition. The segmental adenomyomatosis has a higher risk of developing into gallbladder carcinoma, especially in the fundal region of elderly patients.

SPANX-B and SPANX-C (Xq27 region) gene dosage analysis in Sicilian patients with melanoma.

The incidence of melanoma has dramatically increased in many countries (it is 4.5 cases every 100 000 inhabitants in Sicily) and Xq27 region contains genes important in cancer like the SPANX (sperm protein associated with the nucleus in the X chromosome) gene family. These genes, made up of two exons separated by an intron of about 650 base pair, are expressed in sperm cells and in many tumours, including melanoma.

Hematuria as the presenting symptom of a metastatic thyroid cancer.

A 67-year-old man is presented who was admitted to our hospital for the onset of hematuria and acute urinary retention and who was found to have a 10-cm solid mass in the right obturator fossa compressing the bladder wall. Histology revealed the presence of a distant metastases from thyroid cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a thyroid cancer presenting with hematuria and acute urinary retention caused by distant metastases to intrapelvic soft tissue.

Neuroendocrine tumor in a horseshoe kidney. Case report and updated follow-up of cases reported in the literature.

Renal neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are rare neoplasms of unknown histogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, 40 such cases have been described, 11 of which arising in horseshoe kidneys (HSK). We report an additional case of a NET associated with a HSK occurring in a 45-year-old man.