Targeting of Non-Classical Human Leukocyte Antigens as Novel Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer.

Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are essential regulators of immune responses against cancer, with classical HLAs well-documented for their role in tumor recognition and immune surveillance. In recent years, non-classical HLAs-including HLA-E, HLA-F, HLA-G, and HLA-H-have emerged as critical players in the immune landscape of cancer due to their diverse and less conventional functions in immune modulation. These molecules exhibit unique mechanisms that enable tumors to escape immune detection, promote tumor progression, and contribute to therapeutic resistance.

Risk Factors for Cancer Mortality in Spain: Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Cancer is considered a major public health problem due to its increasing incidence and high mortality. This study aims to identify risk factors for cancer mortality in Spain.

Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study in 20,397 participants of the 2011/2012 National Health Survey in Spain.