Protection against COVID-19 hospitalisation conferred by primary-series vaccination with AZD1222 in non-boosted individuals: first vaccine effectiveness results of the European COVIDRIVE study and meta-regression analysis.

Background: Vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies with long-term follow-up are needed to understand durability of protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes conferred by primary-series vaccination in individuals not receiving boosters. COVIDRIVE is a European public-private partnership evaluating brand-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE). We report a prespecified interim analysis of primary-series AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) VE.

Brand-specific estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness for the 2021-2022 season in Europe: results from the DRIVE multi-stakeholder study platform.

Introduction: Development of Robust and Innovative Vaccine Effectiveness (DRIVE) was a European public-private partnership (PPP) that aimed to provide annual, brand-specific estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) for regulatory and public health purposes. DRIVE was launched in 2017 under the umbrella of the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) and conducted IVE studies from its pilot season in 2017-2018 to its final season in 2021-2022.

Methods: In 2021-2022, DRIVE conducted four primary care-based test-negative design (TND) studies (Austria, Italy, Iceland, and England; involving >1,000 general practitioners), nine hospital-based TND studies (France, Iceland, Italy, Romania, and Spain, for a total of 21 hospitals), and one population-based cohort study in Finland.

The value of public-private collaborative real-world evidence platforms to monitor vaccine performance post authorization: DRIVE - a European initiative.

Introduction: Fighting pandemics requires an established infrastructure for pandemic preparedness, with existing, sustainable platforms ready to be activated. This includes platforms for disease surveillance, virus circulation, and vaccine performance monitoring based on Real-World data, to complement clinical trial evidence.

Areas Covered: Because of its complexity, this can best be done by combining efforts between public and private sectors, developing a multi-stakeholder approach.

Digital Pregnancy Test Powered by an Air-Breathing Paper-Based Microfluidic Fuel Cell Stack Using Human Urine as Fuel.

The direct integration of paper-based microfluidic fuel cells (μFC's) toward creating autonomous lateral flow assays has attracted attention. Here, we show that an air-breathing paper-based μFC could be used as a power supply in pregnancy tests by oxidizing the human urine used for the diagnosis. We present an air-breathing paper-based μFC connected to a pregnancy test, and for the first time, as far as we know, it is powered by human urine without needing any external electrolyte.

Risk Measurement of Perinatal and Neonatal Morbidity Characteristics and Applicability of GAIA Case Definitions: Results and Lessons Learnt of a Hospital-Based Prospective Cohort Study in the Valencia Region (2019-2020).

Post-marketing safety surveillance of new vaccines aimed to be administered during pregnancy is crucial to orchestrate efficient adverse events evaluation. This is of special relevance in the current landscape of new vaccines being introduced in the pregnant women population, and particularly due to the recent administration of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant women. This multi-center prospective cohort study, nested within the WHO-Global Vaccine Safety-MCC study, involved two hospitals in the Valencia region.

Brand-specific influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates during 2019/20 season in Europe - Results from the DRIVE EU study platform.

DRIVE (Development of Robust and Innovative Vaccine Effectiveness) is an IMI funded public-private platform that aims to annually estimate brand-specific influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE), for public health and regulatory purposes. IVE analyses and reporting are conducted by public partners in the consortium. In 2019/20, four primary care-based test-negative design (TND) studies (Austria, England, Italy (n = 2)), eight hospital-based TND studies (Finland, France, Italy, Romania, Spain (n = 4)), and one population-based cohort study (Finland) were conducted.

Apoptotic signalling targets the post-endocytic sorting machinery of the death receptor Fas/CD95.

Fas plays a major role in regulating ligand-induced apoptosis in many cell types. It is well known that several cancers demonstrate reduced cell surface levels of Fas and thus escape a potential control system via ligand-induced apoptosis, although underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here we report that the endosome associated trafficking regulator 1 (ENTR1), controls cell surface levels of Fas and Fas-mediated apoptotic signalling.

High-content screening of drug-induced mitochondrial impairment in hepatic cells: effects of statins.

A frequent mechanism for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is mitochondrial impairment, and early evaluation of new drugs for their potential to cause mitochondrial dysfunction is becoming an important task for drug development. To this end, we designed a high-content screening assay to study mitochondrial-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells in detail. Simultaneous assessment of mitochondrial mass and cell viability in cells exposed for 24 h to compounds provides preliminary information on the mitochondrial- or nonmitochondrial-related hepatotoxic potential of compounds.