Mortality from chronic respiratory disease in Brazil: time trend and forecasts.

Objective: To analyze the time trend of monthly mortality rates from chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1996 to 2017, with forecasts for 2022, besides analyzing the possibility of achieving the goal of the Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis no Brasil (Strategic Action Plan to Tackle Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Brazil) from 2011 to 2022.

Methods: This is an ecological study that uses data from Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM - Mortality Information System), Sistema de Informações Demográficas e Socioeconômicas (Demographic and Socioeconomic Information System) and Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua - Continuous National Household Sample Survey). We established the age range between 30 and 69 years old and the evolution of the rates over time was made by autoregressive integrated moving average models in R statistical tool.

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS Data were collected on 2,857 blood donors from April 14 to 27, 2020. This study reports crude prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, population weighted prevalence for the state, and prevalence adjusted for test sensitivity and specificity.

Effects of NO exposure on daily mortality in São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Recent reports have suggested that air pollution mixtures represented by nitrogen dioxide (NO) may have effects on human health, which are independent from those of particulate matter mass. We evaluate the association between NO and daily mortality among elderly using one- and multipollutant models.

Methods: This study was a daily time series of non-accidental and cause-specific mortality among the elderly living in São Paulo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2011.

Gender differences in social support and leisure-time physical activity.

Objective: To identify gender differences in social support dimensions' effect on adults' leisure-time physical activity maintenance, type, and time.

Methods: Longitudinal study of 1,278 non-faculty public employees at a university in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Southeastern Brazil. Physical activity was evaluated using a dichotomous question with a two-week reference period, and further questions concerning leisure-time physical activity type (individual or group) and time spent on the activity.

Acute effects of particulate matter and black carbon from seasonal fires on peak expiratory flow of schoolchildren in the Brazilian Amazon.

Background: Panel studies have shown adverse effects of air pollution from biomass burning on children's health. This study estimated the effect of current levels of outdoor air pollution in the Amazonian dry season on peak expiratory flow (PEF).

Methods: A panel study with 234 schoolchildren from 6 to 15 years old living in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Brazil was conducted.

Neighborhood contextual characteristics and leisure-time physical activity: Pró-Saúde Study.

Objective: To estimate the association between neighborhood contextual variables and leisure-time physical activity.

Methods: Data were analyzed for 2,674 adults from Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Southeastern Brazil, participating in the longitudinal study in 1999. Leisure-time physical activity in the two preceding weeks was assessed dichotomously.

[Factors associated with neonatal death in high-risk infants: a multicenter study in High-Risk Neonatal Units in Northeast Brazil].

This study aimed to identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality in High-Risk Neonatal Units (NICU) belonging to the North-Northeast Perinatal Health Network in Northeast Brazil. The explanatory variables were individual maternal characteristics, prenatal care, childbirth and neonatal care, and infant characteristics. This was a longitudinal, multicenter hospital-based study.

[Air pollution and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases: a time series study in Cubatão, São Paulo State, Brazil].

This study evaluated the association between air pollution and hospital admissions due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Cubatão, São Paulo State, Brazil. Generalized additive Poisson regression models were used to model daily concentrations of particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3) and daily hospital admissions counts. Explanatory variables were temperature, relative humidity, day of the week, and holidays.

Association between fine particulate matter and the peak expiratory flow of schoolchildren in the Brazilian subequatorial Amazon: a panel study.

Background: Exposure to high levels of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM(2.5)) resulting from biomass burning is frequent in the subequatorial Amazon region.

Air pollution and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in the subequatorial Amazon: a time series approach.

The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of the daily variation in concentrations of fine particulate matter (diameter less than 2.5 microm--PM2.5) resulting from the burning of biomass on the daily number of hospitalizations of children and elderly people for respiratory diseases, in Alta Floresta and Tangará da Serra in the Brazilian Amazon in 2005.

[Cross-cultural equivalence of three scales used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly].

This study aimed at establishing the cross-cultural equivalence of scales used to evaluate physical activity level and measure cardiorespiratory fitness, for further application in elderly subjects. Three scales were identified after systematic review: Veterans Physical Activity Questionnaire (VSAQ), Rating of Perceived Capacity (RPC), and Physical Activity Rating (PA-R). The model proposed by Herdman et al.

Morbidity and mortality in Brazilian municipalities: a multilevel study of the association between socioeconomic and healthcare indicators.

Background: Socioeconomic and healthcare indicators are major determinants of health outcomes. The impact of social and healthcare inequalities on Brazilian morbidity and mortality indicators is of concern but it is not well studied.

Methods: A multilevel ecological study was performed in order to investigate the association between a set of socioeconomic and healthcare indicators and five morbidity and mortality outcomes.

[Correction approach for underreporting of deaths and hospital admissions due to ill-defined causes].

Objective: To propose a correction approach for underreporting and relocation of ill-defined causes of morbidity and mortality in the National Health System Mortality and Hospital Information Systems.

Methods: Modified James-Stein empirical Bayes estimators for events in delimited geographic areas were applied as a correction approach for underreporting in Brazilian municipalities in 2001.

Results: There was an increase of 55,671 deaths in the Mortality Information System, an underreporting correction of 5.