Mortality from chronic respiratory disease in Brazil: time trend and forecasts.

Objective: To analyze the time trend of monthly mortality rates from chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1996 to 2017, with forecasts for 2022, besides analyzing the possibility of achieving the goal of the Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis no Brasil (Strategic Action Plan to Tackle Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Brazil) from 2011 to 2022.

Methods: This is an ecological study that uses data from Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM - Mortality Information System), Sistema de Informações Demográficas e Socioeconômicas (Demographic and Socioeconomic Information System) and Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua - Continuous National Household Sample Survey). We established the age range between 30 and 69 years old and the evolution of the rates over time was made by autoregressive integrated moving average models in R statistical tool.

Effects of NO exposure on daily mortality in São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Recent reports have suggested that air pollution mixtures represented by nitrogen dioxide (NO) may have effects on human health, which are independent from those of particulate matter mass. We evaluate the association between NO and daily mortality among elderly using one- and multipollutant models.

Methods: This study was a daily time series of non-accidental and cause-specific mortality among the elderly living in São Paulo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2011.

Air Pollution and Deaths among Elderly Residents of São Paulo, Brazil: An Analysis of Mortality Displacement.

Background: Evaluation of short-term mortality displacement is essential to accurately estimate the impact of short-term air pollution exposure on public health.

Objectives: We quantified mortality displacement by estimating single-day lag effects and cumulative effects of air pollutants on mortality using distributed lag models.

Methods: We performed a daily time series of nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality among elderly residents of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2000 and 2011.

[Air pollution and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases: a time series study in Cubatão, São Paulo State, Brazil].

This study evaluated the association between air pollution and hospital admissions due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Cubatão, São Paulo State, Brazil. Generalized additive Poisson regression models were used to model daily concentrations of particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3) and daily hospital admissions counts. Explanatory variables were temperature, relative humidity, day of the week, and holidays.

Association between fine particulate matter and the peak expiratory flow of schoolchildren in the Brazilian subequatorial Amazon: a panel study.

Background: Exposure to high levels of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM(2.5)) resulting from biomass burning is frequent in the subequatorial Amazon region.

[Cross-cultural equivalence of three scales used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly].

This study aimed at establishing the cross-cultural equivalence of scales used to evaluate physical activity level and measure cardiorespiratory fitness, for further application in elderly subjects. Three scales were identified after systematic review: Veterans Physical Activity Questionnaire (VSAQ), Rating of Perceived Capacity (RPC), and Physical Activity Rating (PA-R). The model proposed by Herdman et al.

[Correction approach for underreporting of deaths and hospital admissions due to ill-defined causes].

Objective: To propose a correction approach for underreporting and relocation of ill-defined causes of morbidity and mortality in the National Health System Mortality and Hospital Information Systems.

Methods: Modified James-Stein empirical Bayes estimators for events in delimited geographic areas were applied as a correction approach for underreporting in Brazilian municipalities in 2001.

Results: There was an increase of 55,671 deaths in the Mortality Information System, an underreporting correction of 5.