Publications by authors named "Antonio C Aloise"

This study analyzed a recently developed bone substitute biomaterial made of chitosan-xanthanhydroxyapatite-graphene oxide (CXHAG). The CXHAG particles underwent in vitro structural and morphological characterization, and in vivo testing with or without osteogenic conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the CXHAG novel biomaterial, supplemented with conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells, could be useful for bone regeneration.

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Introduction: Bidirectional vertical ridge augmentation in the posterior maxilla is very challenging.

Purpose: To evaluate the regenerative potential of micrografts, derived from periosteum or bone tissue, added to an anorganic xenograft in vertical reconstruction of the posterior maxilla, by a prospective, controlled study.

Materials And Methods: After clinical selection and the analysis of CBCT scans, 24 posterior maxillary sites, in 19 patients, were treated by using Barbell Technique®.

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The aim of this study is to validate a minimally invasive surgical procedure to harvest palate periosteum as a source of tissue for mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. We performed a standardized procedure to harvest the palate periosteum in ten subjects, which consisted of a 3 mm disposable punch and a Molt periosteal elevator to harvest a small full-thickness fragment of soft tissue at the hard palate area, between the upper bicuspids, 3 to 4 mm apical to the cement enamel junction. The one-third inner portion was fragmented, and following standard cell culture procedures, the adherent cells were cultured for three passages, after obtaining 70-90% confluence.

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The aim of this study was to test whether lyophilized conditioned media from human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cell cultures promote the healing of critical-size defects created in the calvaria of rats. Prior to the surgical procedure, the medium in which dental pulp stem cells were cultured was frozen and lyophilized. After general anesthesia, an 8 mm diameter bone defect was created in the calvaria of twenty-four rats.

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The aim of this study was to histologically verify the performance of pulp-derived stem cells used in the pulp-dentin complex regeneration. Maxillary molars of 12 immunosuppressed rats were divided into two groups: the SC (stem cells) group, and the PBS (just standard phosphate-buffered saline) group. After pulpectomy and canal preparation, the teeth received the designated materials, and the cavities were sealed.

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The aim of this study was to compare the clinical, tomographic, and histological performance of collagenated xenogeneic bone blocks (CXBB) in horizontal bone augmentations for implant placement. Five patients with an absence of the 4 upper incisors and an HAC 3 horizontal bone defect, with a remaining of 3 to 5 mm, underwent a bone-grafting procedure with CXBB (test group [TG], n = 5) and autogenous graft (control group [CG], n = 5), with one type of graft used on the right side and other type on the left side. Changes in bone thickness and density (tomographic evaluation), levels of complications (clinically), and distribution pattern between mineralized and nonmineralized tissue (histomorphometrically) were analyzed.

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Background: It is known that a large number of mediators involved in osteogenesis can influence bone development and repair; however, whether these mediators could be used as markers of bone maturity has yet to be determined.

Aim: To evaluate the expression of osteocalcin (OC) and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in bone biopsies obtained during the reconstruction of atrophic anterior maxillae using particulate bone xenografts with or without association of autogenous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC).

Materials And Methods: Ten patients were distributed into two groups ( = 5), according to the type of grafting material used: Control group (CG), particulate bone xenograft alone, and test group (TG), particulate bone xenograft combined with BMAC.

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Background: The vertical increase of the alveolar ridge dimension using allograft or xenograft mixed with autogenous bone graft and covered by a nonabsorbable high-density polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE) membrane is well documented in the literature.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess vital mineralized tissue formation in vertical ridge augmentation (VRA) procedures using autogenous bone chips mixed either with an allograft or a xenograft.

Methods: This prospective clinical trial recruited 16 partially edentulous patients to undergo vertical ridge augmentation in one or more sites, making up a total of 24 samples for histological evaluation.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how different titanium surface treatments (acid etching alone and acid etching plus anodizing) impact the survival of periodontal fibroblasts in an osteogenic environment.* -
  • Researchers used scanning electron microscopy to analyze the surface features of the titanium samples, with AEG showing micrometric and ANG showing nanometric characteristics.* -
  • Results indicated that there was no significant difference in the cell viability across all groups, suggesting that the titanium surface treatments do not influence the viability of the fibroblasts.*
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Objective: To compare two pulp harvesting methods for stem cell expansion, namely, conservative pulpotomy and pulpectomy from exodontia.

Method: Ten freshly extracted sound third molars from five patients were selected. Five were used in the control group, where pulp harvesting was performed by exodontia and the remaining teeth were used in the test group, where the pulp was harvested by conservative pulpotomy (preserving the tooth).

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Objectives: To analyze the histology and histomorphometry of healing associated with acellular dermal matrix in skin wounds in rabbits.

Methods: Twelve male rabbits were divided into two groups: the control group (CG) and the matrix group (MG). Three skin wounds with a total area of 20 × 20 mm were created on the dorsal region of each animal.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of mineralized tissue and expression of bone markers in sockets grafted with platelet-rich fibrin and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC). Patients requiring extraction of one maxillary anterior tooth were randomized into three groups. After tooth extraction, the sockets in the control group (CG) were permitted to fill with blood clot.

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Horizontal bone reconstruction is a common augmentation procedure used in implant dentistry to achieve adequate 3-dimensional ridge reconstruction to permit proper dental implant positioning. However, most available techniques are focused on unidirectional bone reconstruction (grafting only on the buccal side). This study was carried out to validate an innovative device that is indicated for bidirectional bone augmentation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Horizontal bone loss following tooth extraction often requires reconstruction, and this study aimed to evaluate horizontal alveolar bone status in both partially and completely toothless patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
  • The analysis involved 1516 CBCT scans from 1404 adults, classifying horizontal bone defects into four categories (HAC 1 to HAC 4), with a notable distribution among partially edentulous patients showing mostly HAC 1 and less severe conditions.
  • Results indicated that completely edentulous patients had a higher prevalence of severe conditions (HAC 3 and HAC 4), suggesting they often lack cancellous bone, particularly in HAC 4, compared to those who are partially edentulous.
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The lack of guidelines for bone augmentation procedures might compromise decision making in implantology. The objective of this study was to perform a retrospective study to verify the outcomes of horizontal bone reconstruction in implant dentistry with different types of materials and amounts of native bone in the recipient bed to allow for a new guideline for horizontal bone reconstruction. One hundred preoperative CT scans were retrospectively evaluated and categorized in accordance to horizontal bone defects as presence (Group P) or absence (Group A) of cancellous bone in the recipient bed.

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Objectives: To evaluate bone allograft associated to bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), in maxillary reconstructions.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients with alveolar bone deficiency in the anterior maxilla were randomly divided into control group (CG) and test group (TG). A bone block allograft was placed in both groups, but the graft was impregnated with BMAC only in TG.

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Sinus lift augmentation is a procedure required for the placement of a dental implant, whose success can be limited by the quantity or quality of available bone. To this purpose, the first aim of the current study was to evaluate the ability of autologous periosteum-derived micrografts and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) supplemented with hydroxyl apatite (HA) to induce bone augmentation in the sinus lift procedure. Secondly, we compared the micrograft's behavior with respect to biomaterial alone, including Bio-Oss® and PLGA/HA, commercially named Alos.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and follow-up implants placed in the posterior maxillary regions previously grafted with homologous bone.

Materials And Methods: Forty-one grafts with homologous bone blocks were performed in maxillary sinuses, and 121 implants were placed in premolar and molar regions approximately 6 months after the grafts. Patients were followed up for periods varying from 12 to 124 months after rehabilitation.

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Purpose: This study analyzed the use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adipose tissue-derived stem cells, associated with xenograft, in appositional reconstructions in rabbit calvaria using histomorphometry.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen New Zealand rabbits, weighing 3.5 to 4.

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Objective: To evaluate bony reconstruction of the atrophic anterior maxilla using particulate grafts with or without autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC).

Materials And Methods: Eight patients with atrophy of the anterior maxilla due to teeth loss were selected and split into groups according to the type of material used: Control Group (CG) (n = 4) - particulate xenograft only and Test Group (TG) (n = 4) - a combination of particulate xenograft and BMAC. Both groups received a collagen membrane to cover the xenograft.

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Purpose: To evaluate the influence of bone marrow cells in the bone formation in an ectopic subcutaneous model in mice.

Materials And Methods: Six BALB/c mice were divided into three groups of two each. In all groups, xenograft was implanted subcutaneously.

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Purpose: To evaluate the regenerative results of the addition of bone marrow aspirate concentrate, using a single or double centrifugation protocol, to a xenogeneic bone graft in sinus floor elevation.

Materials And Methods: Using a randomized, controlled pilot study design in 15 consecutive patients, sinus floor elevation procedures were performed with a xenogenous bone graft alone (control group, CG) or associated with bone marrow aspirate concentrate obtained by single centrifugation (single centrifugation group, SCG) or double centrifugation (double centrifugation group, DCG). In the patients in the single and double centrifugation groups, bone marrow was harvested from the iliac bone.

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Purpose: In spite of their osteoconductive potential, the biomaterials used as substitutes for an autologous graft do not show osteoinductive or osteogenic potential. This study evaluated the association of adult mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue with xenogenic bone graft in bone regeneration in rabbit calvaria.

Materials And Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells were harvested from adipose tissue from 12 animals.

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Purpose. To investigate the regenerative results obtained with the association of bone marrow aspirate concentrate using the Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) method to a xenogeneic bone graft (Bio-Oss) in sinus floor elevation. Materials and Methods.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate bone healing after the use of a xenograft scaffold enriched with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), an autogenous bone graft, or the scaffold without BM-MSCs.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen rabbits were used for this study; bilateral 12-mm-diameter defects were created in the animals' parietal bones. The bilateral defects were filled with a xenograft enriched with BM-MSCs (test group [TG]), with autogenous bone graft (positive control group [PCG]), or with a xenograft alone (negative control group [NCG]).

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