Intergenerational consequences of violence: violence during pregnancy as a risk factor for infection in infancy.

Introduction: Psychosocial stress during pregnancy has long-lasting and important consequences in the following generations, as it can affect intrauterine development. The impact on the developing immune system is notoriously important due to the associated morbidity and mortality in the first years of life. Little attention has been given to the role of violence during pregnancy (VDP), especially its impact on infant infectious morbidity.

Vitamin D serum concentration is prospectively associated with depressive symptoms in the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study: a structural equation modeling approach.

Objective: To evaluate the direct, indirect, and total prospective effects of serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25[OH]D) on depressive symptoms in older adults.

Methods: Data from the second (2013-2015) and third (2017-2019) waves of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study (= 60 years) were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale.

Prediction of deciduous teeth eruption in Brazilian children: A cross-sectional study nested in a prospective birth cohort (BRISA).

Background: Dental eruption is part of a set of children´s somatic growth phenomena. The worldwide accepted human dental eruption chronology is still based on a small sample of European children. However, evidence points to some population variations with the eruption at least two months later in low-income countries, and local standards may be useful.

Anticipated Stigma and Social Barriers to Communication Between Transgender Women Newly Diagnosed with HIV and Health Care Providers: A Mediation Analysis.

We assessed whether anticipated stigma (i.e., fear of public mistreatment due to gender identity) impacts communication between transgender women (TGW) living with HIV and health care providers.

Association between neonatal near miss and infant development: the Ribeirão Preto and São Luís birth cohorts (BRISA).

Aim: To analyze the association between neonatal near miss and infant development at two years.

Methods: Data from two birth cohorts, one conducted in Ribeirão Preto (RP)/São Paulo and the other in São Luís (SL)/Maranhão, were used. The cognitive, motor and communication development of children was evaluated using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III).

High Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Is Associated with Low Bone Mineral Density in Young People: The Brazilian Birth Cohort Consortium.

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption may be associated with a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the consumption of SSB and BMD among young people. We performed a cross-sectional study that evaluated 6620 young people (18-23 years of age) from three Brazilian birth cohorts (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas, and São Luís).

Insulin resistance phenotype is associated with vascular risk phenotype at the end of the second decade of life: a population-based study.

We hypothesize that early events of diabetes and cardiovascular disease continuums would be ongoing and associated in adolescents. We investigated the association between the Insulin Resistance Phenotype and the Vascular Risk Phenotype at the end of the second decade of life and indirect pathways from social vulnerability, alcohol consumption, and body fat mass. It is a population-based study in the RPS cohort of 18-19 years (n = 2,515), São Luís, Brazil.

Association of Food Intake with Sleep Durations in Adolescents from a Capital City in Northeastern Brazil.

(1) Background: During adolescence, there are significant changes in food consumption, such as reducing the consumption of or minimally processed foods and increasing the consumption of ultra-processed foods. Thus, eating habits can influence sleep duration and, consequently, affect the quality of life of young people. This study thus aims to estimate the association of consumption of or minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed foods with sleep durations in adolescents.

Impact of socioeconomic factors and health determinants on preterm birth in Brazil: a register-based study.

Background: More than 15 million children are born preterm annually. While preterm survival rates have increased in high-income countries. Low- and middle-income countries, like Brazil, continue to battle high neonatal mortality rates due to a lack of adequate postnatal care.

Characteristics associated with drug resistant epilepsy in children up to 36 months old with Congenital Zika Syndrome.

Objectives: To verify characteristics associated with drug resistant epilepsy in children up to 36 months of age with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS).

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study with children aged up to 36 months diagnosed with CZS. Obstetric, demographic, phenotype and other clinical signs, cranial tomography, growth and motor development of the children were collected.

Association between violence and depression during pregnancy with perinatal outcomes: a moderated mediation analysis.

Objective: To assess the direct, indirect, and total effects of violence during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes, and to evaluate the effect of violence as a moderator of the mediated relationship of depression with perinatal outcomes.

Methods: Data was collected from the prenatal study and follow-ups of the BRISA cohort, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. The perinatal outcomes investigated were: birth weight (BW), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and gestational age (GA).

Ultra-processed food consumption is associated with increase in fat mass and decrease in lean mass in Brazilian women: A cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the association between ultra-processed food consumption at 23-25 years of age and measurements of body composition-fat mass, fat mass distribution and lean mass at 37-39 years of age in Brazilian adults.

Methods: 1978/1979 birth cohort study conducted with healthy adults from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 1,021 individuals participated in the fat mass analysis (measured by air displacement plethysmography) and 815 in the lean mass analysis and fat mass distribution (assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry).

The consumption of culinary preparations and ultra-processed food is associated with handgrip strength in teenagers.

Background: A nutrient-poor and hypocaloric diet may be associated with lower handgrip strength (HGS), whereas a high-quality or balanced diet may be associated with higher HGS. However, no study has used the NOVA system for classifying food by their degree of processing.

Objective: To analyze the association between food consumption according to the degree of food processing and HGS in Brazilian teenagers.

Sex-Dependent Effects of the Intake of NOVA Classified Ultra-Processed Foods on Syndrome Metabolic Components in Brazilian Adults.

Longitudinal studies evaluating the relationship between UPF consumption and the incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its components are still scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of UPF consumption on the incidence of MetS and its components in adults. A prospective study was conducted with 896 participants from the 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto cohort, São Paulo, Brazil.

Preterm birth and postpartum depression within 6 months after childbirth in a Brazilian cohort.

Preterm birth (PTB) and postpartum depression (PPD) are important public health issues, and although literature mainly supports the association between them, some reviews have highlighted methodological limitations in the studies in this field, restricting the interpretation of such finding. This study aimed at assessing the association between PTB and PPD, by comparing groups of preterm and full-term mothers in two Brazilian cities with contrasting sociodemographic indicators. This prospective convenience cohort study assessed 1421 women during pregnancy, at childbirth, and in the postpartum period.

Model-based estimation of transmissibility and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) P.1 (Gamma variant) emerged in the Amazonas State, Brazil, in November 2020. The epidemiological consequences of its mutations have not been widely studied, despite detection of P.

Discrimination of secondary hypsarrhythmias to Zika virus congenital syndrome and west syndrome based on joint moments and entropy measurements.

Hypsarrhythmia is a specific chaotic morphology, present in the interictal period of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal in patients with West Syndrome (WS), a severe form of childhood epilepsy and that, recently, was also identified in the examinations of patients with Zika Virus Congenital Syndrome (ZVCS). This innovative work proposes the development of a computational methodology for analysis and differentiation, based on the time-frequency domain, between the chaotic pattern of WS and ZVCS hypsarrhythmia. The EEG signal time-frequency analysis is carried out from the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT).

Association between physical activity and vitamin D is partially mediated by adiposity in older adults: EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study.

Studies have found that physical activity (PA) could be a protective factor and adiposity a risk factor for low serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) concentration. This cross-sectional study hypothesized that PA could have a direct effect on 25(OH)D, and adiposity could be a mediating factor. Data from the second wave of the EpiFloripa Aging longitudinal study, collected during 2013 and 2014 (n = 1197) in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, was used.

Investigating oral and systemic pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns to periodontitis in adolescents: A population-based study.

Aim: To investigate pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns and periodontitis in adolescents (18-19 years of age).

Materials And Methods: This population-based study (n = 2515) modelled direct and mediated pathways (via biofilm and obesity) from patterns of healthy diet (fruits, fibre, vegetables, and dairy) and unhealthy diet (sugars, snacks, and salty/fast foods) with initial periodontitis (bleeding on probing [BoP], probing depth [PD] ≥ 4 mm, clinical attachment loss [CAL] ≥ 4 mm), moderate periodontitis (BoP, PD ≥ 5 mm, and CAL ≥ 5 mm), and European Federation of Periodontology and the American Academy of Periodontology (EFP-AAP) periodontitis definitions, adjusting for sex, socio-economic status, smoking, and alcohol, through structural equation modelling (α = 5%).

Results: Higher values of healthy diet were associated with lower values of initial periodontitis (standardized coefficient [SC] = -0.

Data-driven risk stratification for preterm birth in Brazil: a population-based study to develop of a machine learning risk assessment approach.

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a growing health issue worldwide, currently considered the leading cause of newborn deaths. To address this challenge, the present work aims to develop an algorithm capable of accurately predicting the week of delivery supporting the identification of a PTB in Brazil.

Methods: This a population-based study analyzing data from 3,876,666 mothers with live births distributed across the 3,929 Brazilian municipalities.

Influence of excessive daily sleeping and sleep quality on BDNF and NGF serum levels in adolescents.

Introduction: The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neural growth factor (NGF) are widely expressed in the brain and play an important role in neuroplasticity, neurogenesis, and increased neuronal connections. Previous studies have shown that reduced serum levels of these proteins are associated with disorders in human sleep.

Objective: Current study evaluates the prevalence in adolescents of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and sleep quality, and analyzes the influence of these factors on BDNF and NGF serum levels.

The association between mistreatment of women during childbirth and postnatal maternal and child health care: Findings from "Birth in Brazil".

Background: The mistreatment of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium is a global public health problem besides being a violation of human rights. However, research exploring the consequences of mistreatment of women and newborns is scarce.

Question: To shed light on this issue, we investigated the association between the mistreatment of women during childbirth and the subsequent use of postnatal health services by women and their newborns.

Family characteristics, perceived environment for physical activity, and childhood obesity: An approach with structural equation models.

Objectives: To evaluate the direct and indirect effects of family characteristics and the perceived neighborhood environment on obesity risks among schoolchildren.

Methods: Through phone contact with the child's mothers/guardians, the perceptions about the aspects of the neighborhood that could limit or promote health. Physical activity, socioeconomic data, self-reported weight and height, and ultra-processed consumption of the respondents were evaluated, in addition to the screen time of both mothers and children.

High consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with lower muscle mass in Brazilian adolescents in the RPS birth cohort.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between percent contribution of ultra-processed foods to total dietary energy intake and measurements of body composition obtained using high-validity methods.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 1525 adolescents 18 to 19 y of age from the second follow-up of the 1997/98 São Luís birth cohort, Brazil. To evaluate nutritional status and body composition, the body mass index (BMI)-for-age was used, along with waist circumference, total and android body fat percentage, muscle mass, and the lean mass index (LMI).