Core outcomes measures in dental computer vision studies (DentalCOMS).

Objectives: To improve reporting and comparability as well as to reduce bias in dental computer vision studies, we aimed to develop a Core Outcome Measures Set (COMS) for this field. The COMS was derived consensus based as part of the WHO/ITU/WIPO Global Initiative AI for Health (WHO/ITU/WIPO AI4H).

Methods: We first assessed existing guidance documents of diagnostic accuracy studies and conducted interviews with experts in the field.

Composite Injection Technique With a Digital Workflow: A Pragmatic Approach for a Protruding Central Incisor Restoration.

Esthetic concerns frequently drive individuals to seek dental treatment, leading to a rising demand for minimally invasive and time-efficient procedures. The Minimal Intervention Dentistry (MID) concept, which employs dental adhesive and resin composites, offers an effective approach for enhancing esthetics while preserving natural tooth structure. This case report outlines the esthetic enhancement of a protruding maxillary right central incisor through a direct composite restoration approach, utilizing a composite injection technique with a digital workflow.

A dual composite resin injection molding technique with 3D-printed flexible indices for biomimetic replacement of a missing mandibular lateral incisor.

Patients: This case report presents a minimally invasive approach to replace a missing mandibular lateral incisor using a dual-injection molding technique with flowable composite resins. Integrated with a comprehensive digital workflow, this method achieves a structurally and esthetically biomimetic, bi-layered prosthetic solution. A 34-year-old woman with congenital absence of a mandibular lateral incisor was successfully rehabilitated using a direct composite resin-bonded fixed partial denture (RBFPD).

Automatic caries detection in bitewing radiographs-Part II: experimental comparison.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the detection of caries in bitewing radiographs by multiple dentists with an automatic method and to evaluate the detection performance in the absence of a reliable ground truth.

Materials And Methods: Four experts and three novices marked caries using bounding boxes in 100 bitewing radiographs. The same dataset was processed by an automatic object detection deep learning method.

Automatic caries detection in bitewing radiographs: part I-deep learning.

Objective: The aim of this work was to assemble a large annotated dataset of bitewing radiographs and to use convolutional neural networks to automate the detection of dental caries in bitewing radiographs with human-level performance.

Materials And Methods: A dataset of 3989 bitewing radiographs was created, and 7257 carious lesions were annotated using minimal bounding boxes. The dataset was then divided into 3 parts for the training (70%), validation (15%), and testing (15%) of multiple object detection convolutional neural networks (CNN).

Digitally Guided Direct Composite Injection Technique with a Bi-layer Clear Mini-Index for the Management of Extensive Occlusal Caries in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.

Purpose: This case report presents a direct composite inverse injection technique using a bi-layer clear mini-index fabricated with a digital workflow to restore extensive posterior occlusal cavities in a 13-year-old patient.

Materials And Methods: After a root canal treatment in the right mandibular first molar and step-wise excavation of deep caries in the left mandibular first molar, the extensive occlusal restorations were digitally designed using CAD software, upon which digital wax-ups were 3D-printed. Bi-layer clear mini-indices consisting of a hard outer plastic layer and an elastic inner silicone layer were prepared from the 3D-printed cast.

The Effect of Bonding Strategy and Aging on Adhesion to Primary Enamel: An In-Vitro Study.

Purpose: Resin composites are commonly used in pediatric dentistry, but there is limited evidence on adhesion to primary teeth, especially primary enamel. In this study, three bonding strategies were assessed - one-step self-etch (1-SE), two-step self-etch (2-SE), and three-step etch-and-rinse (3-ER) - by measuring the immediate and aged microshear bond strength (µSBS) to sound primary enamel.

Materials And Methods: 120 extracted human primary molars with sound buccal surfaces were used for µSBS testing.

The Influence of Various Adhesive Systems and Polishing Methods on Enamel Surface Roughness after Debonding of Orthodontic Brackets: A Three-Dimensional In Vitro Evaluation.

A slight alteration of the enamel surface is inevitable upon debonding of orthodontic brackets, adhesive removal, and finishing/polishing. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare two adhesives and three polishing methods by measuring enamel surface roughness using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Brackets were bonded on 42 extracted human premolars using Transbond XT (Transbond group) or Fuji Ortho (Fuji group).

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy as a Novel Method of Caries Detection-An In Vitro Comparative Study in Permanent Teeth.

This in vitro study aimed to compare outcomes of dental caries detection using visual inspection classified according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) with objective assessments using a well-established laser fluorescence system (Diagnodent pen) and a novel diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) device. One hundred extracted permanent premolars and molars were utilized, including sound teeth, teeth with non-cavitated caries, or teeth with small cavitated lesions. A total of 300 regions of interest (ROIs) were assessed using each detection method.

Does the thickness of universal-shade composites affect the ability to reflect the color of background dentin?

The recently introduced resin composites with a universal shade are claimed to match any tooth color. In this study, it was examined how composite thickness affects the color adjustment of conventional and universal-shade composites to background dentin. Thirty sound human central incisors of various shade were used, and color differences between their intact labial surfaces, exposed dentin surfaces and composite restorations (thickness 1-3 mm) were evaluated.

Addition of metal chlorides to a HOCl conditioner can enhance bond strength to smear layer deproteinized dentin.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of smear layer deproteinization using hypochlorous acid (HOCl) with/without metal chlorides (SrCl and ZnCl) on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of two simplified adhesives to dentin.

Methods: Human dentin surfaces with a standardized smear layer were pretreated using a 105 ppm HOCl solution with/without SrCl (0.05 M, 0.

Bonding of universal adhesives to bur-cut dentin: Effect of double application and dentin moisture level.

This study investigated how the double application of adhesives and dentin moisture level influence the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of universal adhesives containing different hydrophilic monomers to bur-cut dentin. Four universal adhesives (Scotchbond Universal, Clearfil Universal Bond Quick, Prime&Bond Universal, BeautiBond Universal) were applied to wet and dry bur-cut dentin either in one or two layers. The µTBS test was performed after 25,000 thermal cycles, and scanning electron microscopy was used for the analysis of failure mode and interfacial ultrastructure.

Application of Sulfinate Agent in Conjunction with HOCl Smear-Layer Deproteinization Improves Dentin Bonding Durability of One-step Self-etch Adhesives.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a sulfinate agent on the bonding durability of one-step self-etch adhesives (1-SEAs) to smear-layer-covered dentin deproteinized with hypochlorous acid (HOCl).

Materials And Methods: Human coronal dentin disks with a standardized smear layer were deproteinized with 100 ppm HOCl solution for 0 s (control), 15 s or 30 s. After rinsing with water for 30 s and air drying, half of the specimens were treated with a sulfinate agent (Scotchbond Universal Dual Cure Activator; SDA) prior to the application of a 1-SEA (Bond Force II [Tokuyama Dental] or Clearfil Universal Bond Quick [Kuraray Noritake]).

Smear layer deproteinization with NaOCl and HOCl: Do application/wash-out times affect dentin bonding of one-step self-etch adhesives?

This study investigated the influence of application/wash-out times of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) on dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives (1-SEAs). Human coronal dentin discs with a standardized smear layer were pretreated with 6% NaOCl or 100 ppm HOCl for 5 s, 15 s, or 30 s, and washed out with water for 5 s, 15 s or 30 s with or without the application of Clearfil DC Activator (CDA). No pretreatment was used as a control.

Bisphenol A Release from Dental Composites and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers under Two Polymerization Conditions.

Bisphenol A (BPA)-based monomers are commonly contained in dental resin-based materials. As BPA is an endocrine disruptor, its long-term release from restorative composites and resin-modified glass ionomers (RM-GICs) under two polymerization conditions was measured in this study. Specimens of two conventional composites containing BPA-based monomers, two "BPA-free" composites, and two RM-GICs were polymerized from one side for 20 s at 1300 mW/cm or for 5 s at 3000 mW/cm.

Sodium -Toluenesulfinate Enhances the Bonding Durability of Universal Adhesives on Deproteinized Eroded Dentin.

The effects of deproteinization using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and the subsequent application of an antioxidant (sodium -toluenesulfinate, STS) onto the bonding durability of universal adhesives on eroded dentin were investigated. Untreated sound dentin served as the control, whereas eroded dentin, which had been prepared by pH-cycling in 1% citric acid and a remineralization solution, was either untreated, deproteinized with a 10% NaOCl gel or deproteinized with the 10% NaOCl gel and subsequently treated with an STS-containing agent. The dentin surfaces were bonded using a universal adhesive (Clearfil Universal Bond Quick, Scotchbond Universal or G-Premio Bond), and the micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) test was performed after 24 h or 10,000 thermal cycles.

Release of Bisphenol A from Milled and 3D-Printed Dental Polycarbonate Materials.

Polycarbonates are polymers of bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor. This study evaluated the release of BPA from polycarbonate crowns that were (1) milled from Temp Premium Flexible (ZPF, Zirkonzahn, Italy) or Tizian Blank Polycarbonate (TBP, Schütz Dental, Germany), or (2) 3D-printed (Makrolon 2805, Covestro, Germany). Commercial prefabricated polycarbonate crowns (3M, USA) and milled poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) crowns (Temp Basic, Zirkonzahn, Italy) were included for comparison.

Eight-year Microtensile Bond Strength to Dentin and Interfacial Nanomechanical Properties of a One-step Adhesive.

Purpose: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of a one-step self-etch adhesive (1-SEA) to dentin and its interfacial nanomechanical properties after 8 years of water storage.

Materials And Methods: Flat coronal dentin surfaces of extracted human third molars were bonded with a 1-SEA (Clearfil S3 Bond Plus, CS3+) and built up with a hybrid resin composite (Clearfil AP-X). After storage in water for 24 h or 8 years, non-trimmed stick-shaped specimens were fabricated from the central part of each bonded tooth and subjected to the µTBS test at a crosshead speed of 1.

Regional ultimate tensile strength and water sorption/solubility of bulk-fill and conventional resin composites: The effect of long-term water storage.

The effect of long-term water storage on the regional ultimate tensile strength (UTS), water sorption (W) and water solubility (W) of conventional and bulk-fill resin composites at various depths was investigated. Composite specimens light-cured from one side were sectioned into beams corresponding to different depths (1-5 mm) and stored in water for 24 h, 1 week, 1 month, 6 months or 1 year. UTS increased during the first week and then gradually decreased over time, especially in deeper regions.

Effect of Surface Moisture on Bur-cut Dentin on Bonding of HEMA-free and HEMA-containing Universal Adhesives with or without Methacrylamide Monomer.

Purpose: The effect of surface moisture on bur-cut dentin on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of universal adhesives with various contents of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and methacrylamide monomers was evaluated.

Materials And Methods: Flat mid-coronal dentin surfaces of human molars were exposed, and a standardized smear layer was prepared using a fine-grit diamond bur. The surfaces were either left wet or air dried for 10 s before bonding with Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (UBQ), experimental UBQ without an amide monomer (UBQexp), Scotchbond Universal (SBU), Prime&Bond Universal (PBU), or BeautiBond Universal (BBU).

UV-Mediated Photofunctionalization of Indirect Restorative Materials Enhances Bonding to a Resin-Based Luting Agent.

Purpose: The potential of UV-mediated photofunctionalization to enhance the resin-based luting agent bonding performance to aged materials was investigated.

Methods: Sixty samples of each material were prepared. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YZr) and Pd-Au alloy (Pd-Au) plates were fabricated and sandblasted.

Clinical effectiveness of direct resin composite restorations bonded using one-step or two-step self-etch adhesive systems: A three-year multicenter study.

The purpose of this multicenter clinical study was to compare the mid-term clinical effectiveness of direct resin composite restorations using one-step or two-step self-etch adhesives (1-SEAs or 2-SEAs). In total, 352 restorations of class I-V cavities and non-carious cervical lesions in vital teeth (1-SEAs; 52 cases, 2-SEAs; 300 cases) were placed at nine university hospitals and evaluated according to the modified USPHS criteria at baseline, and after 1, 2, and 3 years. The recall rates were 86.