Publications by authors named "Antonieta Chavez-Gonzalez"

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematopoietic disorder that mainly affects the child population, and it is characterized by the presence of lymphoid progenitor or precursor cells with different genetic alterations. The origin of this disease is controversial, since some authors assumed that leukemic transformation occurs in a lymphoid progenitor, and there is also evidence that suggests the existence of leukemic initiating cells (LIC). PTL, DMAPT, and PU-H71 are agents that have been shown to eliminate bulk and stem cells from myeloid leukemias, but this effect has not been analyzed in lymphoblastic leukemias.

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Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) represent the vast majority of sellar masses. Some behave aggressively, growing rapidly and invading surrounding tissues, with high rates of recurrence and resistance to therapy. Our aim was to establish patterns of genomic, transcriptomic and methylomic evolution throughout time in primary and recurrent tumors from the same patient.

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Article Synopsis
  • Mexico experienced high COVID-19 mortality rates, particularly in adults under 65, with over half of reported deaths occurring in this age group, potentially due to demographics and metabolic diseases.
  • A study of 245 hospitalized COVID-19 patients revealed a case fatality rate (CFR) of 35.51%, with significant mortality linked to pre-existing conditions like chronic kidney disease and diabetes.
  • The research suggested that an imbalance in immune response and specific inflammatory markers at day 7 post-admission could help identify individuals at high risk for severe outcomes, proposing a predictive tool for early intervention in vulnerable populations.
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It is well recognized that most cancers derive and progress from transformation and clonal expansion of a single cell that possesses stem cell properties, i.e., self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities.

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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) originates in a leukemic stem cell that resides in the bone marrow microenvironment, where they coexist with cellular and non-cellular elements. The vascular microenvironment has been identified as an important element in CML development since an increase in the vascularization has been suggested to be related with poor prognosis; also, using murine models, it has been reported that bone marrow endothelium can regulate the quiescence and proliferation of leukemic stem and progenitor cells. This observation, however, has not been evaluated in primary human cells.

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Current antineoplastic agents present multiple disadvantages, driving an ongoing search for new and better compounds. Four lupane-type triterpenes, 3α,24-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (), 3α,23-dihydroxy-30-oxo-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (), 3α,23--isopropylidenyl-3α,23-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (), and 3α,23-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (), previously isolated from , were evaluated on two cell lines of chronic (K562) and acute (HL60) myeloid leukemia. Compounds , , and decreased cell viability and inhibit proliferation, mainly in K562, and exhibited an apoptotic effect from 24 h of treatment.

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Background: The gastrointestinal parasite causes giardiasis. Its treatment with standard drugs produces side effects and improper treatment can generate resistant strains. New antigiardial compounds are needed.

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Since the second half of the 20th century, our knowledge about the biology of cancer has made extraordinary progress. Today, we understand cancer at the genomic and epigenomic levels, and we have identified the cell that starts neoplastic transformation and characterized the mechanisms for the invasion of other tissues. This knowledge has allowed novel drugs to be designed that act on specific molecular targets, the immune system to be trained and manipulated to increase its efficiency, and ever more effective therapeutic strategies to be developed.

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Background: COVID-19 counts 46 million people infected and killed more than 1.2 million. Hypoxaemia is one of the main clinical manifestations, especially in severe cases.

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From the knowledge that hematopoiesis does not occur randomly in the bone marrow but is regulated by the different components of the microenvironment, the use of in vitro coculture systems has been used as a powerful tool in the analysis of different processes that are involved in the maintenance of blood cells. In this chapter, we describe a methodological strategy to perform a coculture between primitive hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells to evaluate cell cycle, an aspect of relevant importance in the permanence of primitive leukemic cells.

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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have become a first-line treatment for chronic myeloid leuakemia (CML). TKIs efficiently target bulk CML cells; however, they are unable to eliminate the leukaemic stem cell (LSC) population that causes resistance and relapse in CML patients. In this study, we assessed the effects of parthenolide (PTL) and dimethyl amino parthenolide (DMAPT), two potent inhibitors of LSCs in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), on CML bulk and CML primitive (CD34 lin ) cells.

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In this study, we determined the gene expression profiles of bone marrow-derived cell fractions, obtained from normal subjects and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients, that were highly enriched for hematopoietic stem (HSCs) and progenitor (HPCs) cells. Our results indicate that the profiles of CML HSCs and HPCs were closer to that of normal progenitors, whereas normal HSCs showed the most different expression profile of all. We found that the expression profiles of HSCs and HPCs from CML marrow were closer to each other than those of HSCs and HPCs from normal marrow.

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Background: Venous thromboembolic disease (VTD) is a public health problem. We recently reported that endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) derived from endothelial cells (EC) (ECFC-ECs) from patients with VTD have a dysfunctional state. For this study, we proposed that a dysfunctional status of these cells generates a reduction of its proliferative ability, which is also associated with senescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

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Several novel compounds have been developed for the treatment of different types of leukemia. In the present study, we have assessed the in vitro effects of Casiopeina III-Ea, a copper-containing small molecule, on cells from patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). We included primary CD34 Lineage-negative (Lin) cells selected from CML bone marrow, as well as the K562 and MEG01 cell lines.

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Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), are characterized by high self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capacities. CSCs are thought to play indispensable roles in the initiation, progression and metastasis of many types of cancer. Leukemias are thought to be initiated and maintained by a specific sub-type of CSC, the leukemia stem cell (LSC).

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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is sustained by a small population of cells with stem cell characteristics known as Leukemic Stem Cells that are positive to BCR-ABL fusion protein, involved with several abnormalities in cell proliferation, expansion, apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. Current treatment options for CML involve the use of Tirosine Kinase Inhibitor (Imatinib, Nilotinib and Dasatinib), that efficiently reduce proliferation proliferative cells but do not kill non proliferating CML primitive cells that remain and contributes to the persistence of the disease. In order to understand the role of Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors in CML LSC permanence after TKI treatment, in this study we analyzed cell cycle status, the levels of several CDKIs and the subcellular localization of such molecules in different CML cell lines, as well as primary CD34(+)CD38(-)lin(-) LSC and HSC.

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Article Synopsis
  • Endothelial cells (ECs) play a crucial role in blood coagulation and fluid maintenance, and this study explores their abnormalities in patients with venous thromboembolic disease (VTD) where thrombophilic conditions are often absent.
  • Researchers obtained endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) from patients and controls, analyzing their characteristics, capillary formation ability, and the production of various cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • The results showed earlier and increased ECFC production in VTD patients, with notable differences in cytokine profiles and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting a dysfunctional state of ECFCs in these patients that could provide insights into VTD pathology.
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Background And Aims: In trying to contribute to our knowledge on the biology of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) from pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML), in the present study we analyzed the expression of four cell surface antigens relevant to human hematopoiesis-CD90, CD96, CD117, and CD123-in bone marrow from pediatric AML patients and normal control subjects.

Methods: CD34(+) CD38(-) cells (enriched for HSC) and CD34(+) CD38(+) cells (enriched for HPC) were resolved on the basis of CD34 and CD38 expression. Concomitantly, expression of CD90 and CD96 or CD117 and CD123 was assessed by multicolor flow cytometry in each cell population.

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Remarkable progress has been made in characterizing factors controlling lineage fate decisions of primitive progenitors that initiate the lymphoid program in bone marrow. However, the understanding of neonatal/adult differences in environmental signals that influence differentiation pathway stability is still incomplete. Our recent findings suggest that Toll-like receptors provide a mechanism for producing cells of the innate immune system from early stages of lymphoid development in mice.

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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasia associated with the t(9,22)(q34:q11) reciprocal translocation, also known as Philadelphia chromosome (Ph). As a result of such abnormality, a chimeric gene (bcr-abl) is produced that is translated into a chimeric protein (BCR-ABL), a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase. Major cell dysfunctions result from this abnormal kinase activity, including increased proliferation and reduced apoptosis.

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The goal of the present study was to investigate the specific way in which recombinant stimulatory cytokines modulate the cell cycle dynamics of primitive hematopoietic cells in vitro. A human cord blood-derived cell population, enriched for CD34(+) Lin(-) cells, was obtained by negative selection and cultured in liquid cultures, in the absence or presence of recombinant stimulatory cytokines. The proportion of cells in each phase of the cell cycle, as well as the expression of cyclin D3, cyclin-dependent kinase-4 (cdk4), p16, p21 and p27, was determined at different time points.

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For about 40 years, the biology of human myeloid leukemia (ML) has been studied in different in vitro systems. Throughout this time, semisolid colony assays, Dexter-type long-term cultures and liquid suspension cultures have contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the origin and progression of this hematological disorder. By using such systems, it has been possible to identify the cells in which leukemia originates; to recognize a functional hierarchy within the hematopoietic system of leukemia patients; to identify factors, soluble and cell-associated, that regulate leukemic growth; and to study the effects of different antineoplastic drugs.

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Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a neoplastic hematologic disorder that arises at the level of a primitive stem/progenitor cell. Most studies on the biology of the hematopoietic system in AML have focused on cells from adult patients; much less is known about hematopoietic cells from childhood AML.

Procedure: By using a negative immunoselection system, we have obtained a primitive cell population (enriched for CD34(+) Lin(-) cells) from the bone marrow (BM) of 17 pediatric AML patients and characterized its proliferation, expansion, and differentiation potentials in liquid cultures supplemented with a mixture of 8 different recombinant stimulatory cytokines.

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Lineage-negative (Lin(-)) cell populations, obtained by negative selection from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult mobilized peripheral blood (aMPB), were cultured in serum-free liquid cultures supplemented with a mixture of seven stimulatory cytokines. On specific days, proliferation potential was assessed and cell cycle status was determined by DNA content. Expression of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D3 (cD3), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (cdk4), p21(cip1/waf1) (p21), and p27(kip1) (p27) was also determined.

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