Acute-subacute paracoccidioidomycosis: A paediatric cohort of 141 patients, exploring clinical characteristics, laboratorial analysis and developing a non-survival predictor.

The acute-subacute form of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a severe systemic mycosis that affects children and adolescents from endemic regions, leading to generalised lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, anaemia, eosinophilia, hypoalbuminemia and hypergammaglobulinemia. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical and laboratorial characteristics of acute-subacute PCM, to determine a mortality risk factor and to propose a test for non-survival hazard related to the disease. Children and adolescents diagnosed with PCM, under 15 years were included in the study.

Septic arthritis caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Rubislaw: A case report.

An eleven-year-old boy presented with fever and hip pain, with limited mobility of the right side of the hip. Computed tomography scan revealed an increased volume of the right coxo-femoral joint, requiring surgical drainage of purulent secretion, from which Salmonella enterica was isolated. After four weeks of treatment with third-generation cephalosporin, he was discharged with a favorable evolution.

INVASIVE NON-TYPE B HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE DISEASE: REPORT OF EIGHT CASES.

Objective: To describe eight cases of invasive non-type b Haemophilus influenzae disease in children admitted to Hospital de Clínicas of Universidade Estadual de Campinas.

Cases Description: In 2015, there were eight cases of invasive non-type b H. influenzae disease.

LATE DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL SYPHILIS: A RECURRING REALITY IN WOMEN AND CHILDREN HEALTH CARE IN BRAZIL.

Objective: To describe a case of congenital syphilis with a late diagnosis and identify missed opportunities at diverse phases/levels of healthcare, which led to late diagnosis.

Case Description: Boy, 34 days of life, referred from a basic healthcare unit to a tertiary hospital due to enlarged abdominal volume and progressive jaundice for 2 weeks, fecal hypocholia, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, low platelet count and elevated liver enzymes. At physical examination, the infant presented with erythematous-exfoliative lesions on the palms and soles, macular rash in the inguinal region, ascitis, palpable liver 5 cm below the right costal margin and a palpable spleen 3 cm from the left costal margin.

Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in TLR4, TLR2, TLR9, VDR, NOS2 and CCL5 genes with acute viral bronchiolitis.

Background: Acute viral bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants during the first year of life. Most infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis do not present risk factors and are otherwise healthy. Our objective was to determine the genetic features associated with the risk and a severe course of bronchiolitis.

TUBERCULOSIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: HOW HAS THE DIAGNOSIS BEEN MADE?

Objective: To describe clinical, radiological, epidemiological, and microbiological characteristics of pediatric patients with diagnosis of tuberculosis in a period of 15 years.

Methods: Retrospective study including children and adolescents younger than 18 years diagnosed with tuberculosis in the Clinical Hospital of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas in São Paulo State, Brazil. Active tuberculosis was defined by the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in culture, microscopy, or histopathological examination.

Bilateral spontaneous chylothorax after severe vomiting in children.

Objective: To report the case of a child with bilateral chylothorax due to infrequent etiology: thoracic duct injury after severe vomiting.

Case Description: Girl, 7 years old, with chronic facial swelling started after hyperemesis. During examination, she also presented with bilateral pleural effusion, with chylous fluid obtained during thoracentesis.

Reexpansion pulmonary edema in children.

OBJECTIVE To present a case of a patient with clinical and radiological features of reexpansion pulmonary edema, a rare and potentially fatal disease. CASE DESCRIPTION An 11-year-old boy presenting fever, clinical signs and radiological features of large pleural effusion initially treated as a parapneumonic process. Due to clinical deterioration he underwent tube thoracostomy, with evacuation of 3,000 mL of fluid; he shortly presented acute respiratory insufficiency and needed mechanical ventilation.

Recurrent apparent life-threatening event as the first manifestation of congenital myasthenia.

Objective: To alert pediatricians about the importance of a careful investigation on recurrent apparent life-threatening events. Reports of the association of these events with congenital myasthenic syndromes were not found.

Case Description: A seven-month-old infant with recurrent apparent life-threatening events was admitted for investigation.

Factors associated with complications of community-acquired pneumonia in preschool children.

Objective: To identify socioeconomic factors and clinical factors associated with the development of complications in preschool children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study involving children (12-59 months of age) diagnosed with CAP and admitted to the pediatric wards of two hospitals in the metropolitan area of Campinas, Brazil. Children with cystic fibrosis, heart disease, pulmonary malformations, neurological disorders, or genetic diseases were excluded.

Psoas abscesses caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in an adolescent.

Objective: In order to describe the case of an adolescent who developed psoas abscesses caused by Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis.

Description: A 12-year-old boy was admitted with a history of daily fever and global lymph nodes enlargement. He had been treated in the last 6 years, with irregular use of the drugs, for an acute form of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM).

Risk factors for central venous catheter-related infections in pediatric intensive care.

Objectives: To identify risk factors for short-term percutaneously inserted central venous catheter-related infections in children and to evaluate the accuracy of a mortality score in predicting the risk of infection.

Method: After reviewing the charts of patients who developed catheter-related infection in a university hospital's pediatric intensive care unit, we conducted a case-controlled study with 51 pairs. Variables related to patients and to catheter insertion and use were analyzed.

Paracoccidioidomycosis in children: clinical presentation, follow-up and outcome.

From February, 1981 to May, 2001, 63 children under 15 y old (ages 2 - 15 y, median = 8 y, mean +/- 1 SD = 8 +/- 3 y) presenting 70 episodes of Paracoccidioidomycosis were admitted. The main clinical manifestations and laboratory features observed upon admission were: lymph node enlargement (87.1%), fever (75.