Effects of a Long-Term Adapted Judo Program on the Health-Related Physical Fitness of Children with ASD.

Physical fitness is one of the most important physical and mental health aspects for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study aimed to test the effects of a long-term adapted judo program on the health-related physical fitness of children with ASD. The participants were recruited from various associations of families and schools for children with special needs.

Behavioural Improvements in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder after Participation in an Adapted Judo Programme Followed by Deleterious Effects during the COVID-19 Lockdown.

The public health lockdown prompted by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which included school closures that may have potentially serious consequences for people with disabilities or special educational needs, disrupted an ongoing adapted judo training intervention in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to compare repetitive behaviours, social interaction, social communication, emotional responses, cognitive style and maladaptive speech scores across four time-points: baseline, after an eight-week control period, after an eight-week judo intervention and after an eight-week lockdown period due to COVID-19. The sample consisted of 11 children diagnosed with ASD according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-V), with an intelligence quotient (IQ) range between 60 and 70.

Corrigendum: Diversity and Local Coadaptation of and Coliphages From Small Ruminants.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.

Diversity and Local Coadaptation of and Coliphages From Small Ruminants.

Bacteriophages are highly specific predators that drive bacterial diversity through coevolution while striking tradeoffs among preserving host populations for long-term exploitation and increasing their virulence, structural stability, or host range. and other coliform bacteria present in the microbiota of milk and during early ripening of raw milk cheeses have been linked to the production of gas, manifested by the appearance of eyes, and the development of off-flavors; thus, they might cause early blowing and cheese spoilage. Here, we report the characterization of coliphages isolated from manure from small ruminant farms and strains isolated from goat and sheep raw milk cheese.

Early blowing in raw goats' milk cheese: gas production capacity of Enterobacteriaceae species present during manufacturing and ripening.

The aim of this study was to identify the main Enterobacteriaceae species responsible for early gas blowing during curdling and the first week of ripening in raw goats' milk cheese. Two batches of raw goats' milk cheese were selected. One of them showed early blowing within the first 24 h of cheese ripening while the other showed no alteration.

Improved detection of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria by multiplex PCR.

Background: The presence of coliform bacteria is routinely assessed to establish the microbiological safety of water supplies and raw or processed foods. Coliforms are a group of lactose-fermenting Enterobacteriaceae, which most likely acquired the lacZ gene by horizontal transfer and therefore constitute a polyphyletic group. Among this group of bacteria is Escherichia coli, the pathogen that is most frequently associated with foodborne disease outbreaks and is often identified by β-glucuronidase enzymatic activity or by the redundant detection of uidA by PCR.

Salt influence on surface microorganisms and ripening of soft ewe cheese.

The effect of different brining treatments on salt uptake and diffusion during the first 30 d of ripening was determined in soft ewe cheese. Additionally, salt influence on surface microorganisms and physicochemical parameters was evaluated. Cheeses were placed into different brine solutions (14, 18 and 24°Bé) at 5 and 10 °C for 1, 2 or 3 h.

Development of different spatial frames of reference for orientation in small-scale environments.

Background: Previous studies show that there is a developmental transition in the frames of reference children use to orientate from a body-centered to an allocentric strategy. However, there is no agreement concerning the age at which they begin to integrate and flexibly use both strategies in small-scale environments.

Method: 6-10-year-old children and adults were trained to locate a hidden object in an arm-maze placed within a small-scale model, which maintained stable relationships with the frames of reference provided by the experimental room and by the subject (Experiment 1), and in a situation of inconsistency between the frame provided by the small-scale model and the other two (Experiment 2).

Responsiveness of the VISA-P scale for patellar tendinopathy in athletes.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly used in sports medicine to assess results after treatment, but interpretability of change for many instruments remains unclear.

Objective: To define the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment scale (VISA-P) in athletes with patellar tendinopathy (PT) who underwent conservative treatment.

Methods: Ninety-eight athletes with PT were enrolled in the study.

Stereoselective syntheses of the antihistaminic drug olopatadine and its E-isomer.

Practical stereoselective synthetic routes to the antihistaminic drug olopatadine and its E-isomer have been developed, the key steps being a trans stereoselective Wittig olefination using a nonstabilized phosphorus ylide and a stereoselective Heck cyclization. The stereoselectivity of the Wittig reaction depends on both the phosphonium salt anion and the cation present in the base used to generate the ylide.

Cross-cultural adaptation of VISA-P score for patellar tendinopathy in Spanish population.

Study Design: Clinical measurement.

Objectives: To adapt the VISA-P questionnaire into Spanish and to assess its psychometric properties.

Background: Health status questionnaires and scales to report outcomes are increasingly used in medical research and clinical practice.

Dorsomedial pallium lesions impair taste aversion learning in goldfish.

The present work shows that the dorsomedial telencephalic pallium of teleost fish, proposed as homologous to the amygdala of mammals, is involved in taste aversion learning (TAL). To analyze the behavioral properties of TAL in goldfish, in Experiment 1, we used a delayed procedure similar to that employed with mammals, which consists of the presentation of two flavors on different days, one followed by lithium chloride and the other by saline, both after a 10-min delay. The results showed that goldfish developed a strong aversion to the gustatory stimulus followed by visceral discomfort and that, as in mammals, this learning was rapidly acquired, highly flexible and maintained for a long time.

Telencephalon ablation impairs goldfish allocentric spatial learning in a "hole-board" task.

The present work analyzes the involvement of telencephalon of goldfish in spatial strategies, using a procedure analogue to the hole-board task. With this aim, goldfish with sham operation or telencephalon ablation were trained to find a baited feeder within a twenty-five feeder matrix, which maintained stable spatial relationships relative to five peripheral landmarks. After training, different types of probe tests were conducted.

Quaternary structural transitions in the DeoR-type repressor UlaR control transcriptional readout from the L-ascorbate utilization regulon in Escherichia coli.

UlaR is a DNA binding protein of the DeoR family of eubacterial transcriptional repressors which maintains the utilization of the L-ascorbate ula regulon in a repressed state. The availability of L-ascorbate in the growth medium releases UlaR-mediated repression on the ula regulon, thereby activating transcription. The molecular details of this induction by L-ascorbate have remained elusive to date.

Neuropsychology of learning and memory in teleost fish.

Traditionally, brain and behavior evolution was viewed as an anagenetic process that occurred in successive stages of increasing complexity and advancement. Fishes, considered the most primitive vertebrates, were supposed to have a scarcely differentiated telencephalon, and limited learning capabilities. However, recent developmental, neuroanatomical, and functional data indicate that the evolution of brain and behavior may have been more conservative than previously thought.

Enantioselective spirocyclizations from tryptophanol-derived oxazolopiperidone lactams.

A straightforward synthetic route to enantiopure spiro[indole-3,3'-indolizidines] is reported. The key step is a Lewis acid promoted cyclization of a Na-tosyltryptophanol-derived oxazolopiperidone lactam in the presence of Et3SiH.