Generalized Linear Model (GLM) framework for the association of host variables and viral strains with liver fibrosis in HCV/HIV coinfected patients.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the main cause of advanced and end-stage liver disease world-wide, and an important factor of morbidity and mortality in Human Immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) co-infected individuals. Whereas the genetic variability of HCV has been studied extensively in monoinfected patients, comprehensive analyses of both patient and virus characteristics are still scarce in HCV/HIV co-infection. In order to find correlates for liver damage, we sought to analyze demographic, epidemiological and clinical features of HCV/HIV co-infected patients along with the genetic makeup of HCV (viral subtypes and lineage studied by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the NS5B region).

Relating the liver damage with hepatitis C virus polymorphism in core region and human variables in HIV-1-coinfected patients.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most important cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease leading to liver transplantation worldwide. Chronic infection by HCV causes liver fibrosis, which is accelerated by unknown mechanisms in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) coinfection. Although the genetic variability of both HCV and HIV has been extensively studied in the context of monoinfections, more limited data is available regarding HCV-HIV coinfection.

[Anaerobic bloodstream infections: study of 68 episodes].

Introduction: There is some controversy regarding the current rates of anaerobic bacteremia. Some authors have described an increasing incidence in recent years, whereas others report declining rates. There is even debate over whether to routinely perform anaerobic blood cultures.

Randomized trial comparing pegylated interferon alpha-2b versus pegylated interferon alpha-2a, both plus ribavirin, to treat chronic hepatitis C in human immunodeficiency virus patients.

Unlabelled: Although two pegylated interferons (Peg-IFN) are available to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, no head-to-head comparative studies have been published. We aim to compare the efficacy and safety of PEG IFN alfa-2b (PEG 2b) versus PEG IFN alfa-2a (PEG 2a), plus ribavirin (RBV). A prospective, randomized, multi-center, open-label clinical trial including 182 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients naïve for HCV therapy was performed.

Effects of escin on indinavir crystallization time in the urine of patients with HIV-I infection: a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled, four-period crossover trial.

Background: The combination of indinavir, a protease inhibitor, and reverse-transcriptase inhibitors is widely used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. However, precipitation of indinavir crystals in the renal tubular lumen due to the drug's aqueous insolubility may result in characteristic symptoms of flank pain or classic renal colic. An in vitro study has shown that addition of escin to synthetic urine containing indinavir delayed the crystallization time of indinavir.