Role of Rezum in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: A review of the literature.

The aim of this study was to review the available literature on the efficacy and safety of the Rezum system for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A revision of literature up to January 2021 was carried out. Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed archives were screened to identify all the relevant studies investigating the role of Rezum in the treatment of BPH.

How Can the COVID-19 Pandemic Lead to Positive Changes in Urology Residency?

The COVID-19 outbreak, in a few weeks, overloaded Italian hospitals, and the majority of medical procedures were postponed. During the pandemic, with hospital reorganization, clinical and learning activities performed by residents suffered a forced remodulation. The objective of this study is to investigate how urology training in Italy has been affected during the COVID-19 era.

Massive migration of embolization coils inside the renal pelvis. A rare complication that can be approached through percutaneous surgery.

Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) has become a common procedure performed in patients with large renal calculi. Hemorrhage is the most frequent complication of this procedure. Transcatheter renal artery embolization is an effective and minimally invasive treatment option for acute renal bleeding but it is not without risks.

PCNL in the prone position VS PCNL in the modified supine Double-S position: is there a better position? A prospective randomized trial.

The study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of our modified supine position (called "Double-S") in percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) and to make a contribution to the question: "Is there a better position in PCNL?". The superiority of one position is still under debate in the scientific community. In our study, we described and compared our position with the standard prone one to evaluate the possible benefits.

A smart trick to perform a flexible renoscopy during percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.

Fluid leakage from the Ampltz sheath during flexible nephroscopy after PCNL prevents dilatation of the pelvi-calyceal system and adequate visualization. This video demonstrates a simple technique to prevent such leakage.

Surgical approach to adrenal ganglioneuroma: Case report and literature review.

Objective: Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a benign tumor with a slow growth that can originate from any paravertebral sympathetic plexus. It is usually asymptomatic or with nonspecific symptoms. TC and RM scan are helpful to study GN.

Skin flap squamous cell carcinoma developed after urethroplasty.

Objectives: To describe our experience in diagnosis and treatment of urethral carcinoma following urethroplasty with a Orandi penile skin flap.

Material And Methods: Our patient underwent to Orandi penile skin flap urethroplasty then developed a urethral epidermoid carcinoma on the flap approximately 15 years later. We treated this case with a partial penectomy surgery and perineostomy.

Early Repair of Post-hysterectomy Vesicovaginal Fistulae Through a Laparoscopic Transperitoneal Extravesical Approach. Experience of a Single Center.

Objective: To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the correction of vesicovaginal fistulae (VVF) through a laparoscopic transperitoneal extravesical approach and TachoSil application as interposition tissue. VVF are the most common fistulae of the urinary tract and even today there is no agreement over the preferred approach to treat this kind of pathologic condition.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of women who, from July 2010 to July 2017, underwent early laparoscopic transperitoneal extravesical VVF repair.

Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy in Double-S Position.

Background: At present, the percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) is performed both in supine and in prone position. The aim of this paper is to describe an innovative position during PCNL.

Methods: We describe a supine position.

The Lithocatch (TM) by Boston Scientific: how to use it and how to solve a common problem.

Introduction: The Lithocatch (TM) basket is a immobilization device commercialized by Boston Scientific. It allows to collect multiple stone fragments from the ureter. The ability of the basket to capture a large number of stone fragments, is however responsible for a problem connected to its usage: the entrapment of the basket inside the ureter.

Percutaneous Approach to a Complicated Case of Nephrolithiasis in a Pregnant Woman: A Case Study.

Background: Lithiasis during pregnancy can be a serious problem representing a danger to both the mother and the fetus. Surgical intervention is needed in approximately one-third of patients reporting pain despite analgesia and/or signs of persistent infection and obstruction, but there is a lack of consensus in the scientific literature as to the use of the most appropriate procedure to treat this condition.

Case Presentation: We describe our experience in the treatment of a complicated reno-ureteral lithiasis in a 27-year-old patient in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Regional differences of energetics, mechanics, and kinetics of myosin cross-bridge in human ureter smooth muscle.

This study provides information about baseline mechanical properties of the entire muscle and the molecular contractile mechanism in human ureter smooth muscle and proposed to investigate if changes in mechanical motor performance in different regions of isolated human ureter are attributable to differences in myosin crossbridge interactions. Classic mechanical, contraction and energetic parameters derived from the tension-velocity relationship were studied in ureteral smooth muscle strips oriented longitudinally and circularly from abdominal and pelvic human ureter parts. By applying of Huxley's mathematical model we calculated the total working crossbridge number per mm(2) (Ψ), elementary force per single crossbridge (Π0), duration of maximum rate constant of crossbridge attachment 1/f1 and detachment 1/g2 and peak mechanical efficiency (Eff.

[Repair of post-hysterectomy vesicovaginal fistulae: the state of the art].

In western countries, vesicovaginal fistulae (VVF) are mostly iatrogenic and in the majority of cases are secondary to hysterectomy. The golden standard for the treatment of VVF has remained largely unchanged since 1953 (Couvelaire): good visualization, good dissection, good approximation of the margins, and good urine drainage. However, several aspects are still being debated, including whether or not to pursue conservative repair, the timing for surgical repair, whether to perform excision of the fistula tract, the best type of surgical access, and whether or not to use tissue interposition.

[Use of Amplatz cannula through cystostomy].

Introduction: Bladder tamponade is an uncommon complication of post-TURP bleeding and, for its resolution, it may require a long and complex process when conducted transurethrally.

Material And Methods: From 2001 to 2011, 20 patients were treated endoscopically by transurethral combined use of Amplatz percutaneous suprapubic cannula. Blood clots were detected above the average size of 5 cm.

[Laparoscopic nephrectomy treatment of renal tumors over 7 cm: our experience].

Introduction: Radical nephrectomy by open surgery is the gold standard treatment for localized renal cancers. Several studies can demonstrate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for tumors in stage T1.

Materials And Methods: From June 2004 to June 2011 we studied 132 patients undergoing videolaparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and analyzed the following parameters: cancer site, cancer dimension, eventual lymphadenectomy and surrenectomy, approach used (transperitoneal or retroperitoneal), surgery time, pre- and post-surgery (24h) hemoglobin and creatinine.

[Endoscopic prostate resection by bipolar gyrus resector for prostates over 80 ml: our experience after a 12-month follow-up].

Introduction: The open surgery approach is the gold standard for the treatment of prostatic adenoma with a volume over 80 mL.

Patients And Methods: We studied 180 patients from June 2004 to June 2011, affected by prostatic adenoma >80 mL, and who underwent endoscopic resection performed with bipolar technique by a single operator. We considered the following data: surgery duration, bleeding, absorption of irrigating fluids, resected tissue quantity, clinical stay, and catheterization time.

[Laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation surgery according to Lich-Gregoir].

Introduction: Terminal ureteral stenosis can occur as a consequence of gynecological diseases or surgical treatment of simple or radical hysterectomy and pelvic endometriosis.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 5 patients aged between 30 and 52 years, who underwent ureterocystoneostomy for ureteral stenosis due to several factors: 2 cases of pelvic endometriosis; 2 cases of surgery treatment of pelvic endometriosis, and 1 case of simple hysterectomy. Patients were placed supine in Trendelemburg position of about 30°.

[Laparoscopic transmesocolic pyeloplasty: our technical notes on the application of intrasurgical ureteral DJ catheter].

Introduction: The ureteral stent used for laparoscopic pyeloplasty can be placed pre-surgically, intra-surgically or post-surgically. The intra-surgical application can be carried out by anterograde or retrograde techniques.

Materials And Methods: 23 patients affected by pelviureteric junction disease (14 males, 9 females), aged between 10 and 55 years, underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty with Anderson Hynes technique.

[The Endovision technique in renal percutaneous lithotripsy].

Introduction: In order to achieve a safer percutaneous access to the kidney, even if not systematically, it is possible to combine the use of eco-fluoro-guided puncture with the endoscopic retrograde vision through flexible ureteroscopy. Our experience has been conducted in order to standardize the technique and highlight advantages and limitations. 


Materials And Methods: 26 patients (15 M-11 F), mean age 46 years, underwent flexible ureterorenoscopy as first percutaneous access for pyelic or pyelocaliceal stones.

[Endoscopic combined intra renal surgery (ECIRS) in prone position].

Introduction: E.C.I.

[Use of TachoSil in laparoscopic enucleoresection of renal masses smaller than 4 cm: our preliminary experience of 41 cases].

Introduction: In nephron-sparing surgery the use of new and various hemostatic materials has provided a significant support in the control of intraoperative hemostasis of resection bed. Objective of this study is to demonstrate the use of hemostatic material TachoSil in laparoscopic treatment of renal masses <4 cm.

Materials And Methods: 41 patients underwent laparoscopic renal enucleoresection.

[Treatment of lithiasis with infundibular axis at an acute angle to the calyx entry in PCNL].

Introduction: In the treatment of pyelo multi calyceal renal lithiasis, although we utilize both rigid and flexible instruments, the greatest challenge when trying to achieve a stone-free status after the procedure with a single access, is represented by the presence of residual caliceal stones difficult to reach for the length of the infundibular system in which they are localized, and major axis of it at an acute angle with respect to the axis of the cannula entrance. We describe our technique of treatment in these cases with no second access.

Materials And Methods: 55 cases of multiple lithiasis of the lower calyx at the end of PCNL for complex lithiasis were treated with the following technique.

Impact of case volumes on the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated relationships between case volumes and outcomes in surgery. Little is known about the impact of case volumes on the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Objective: To investigate the influence of case volumes on the efficacy and safety outcomes of PCNL.

[Origin of motion in the human ureter: mechanics, energetics and kinetics of the myosin molecular motors].

Background: Ureteral peristalsis is the result of coordinated mechanical motor performance of longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layer of the ureter wall. The main aim of this study was to characterize in smooth muscle of proximal segments of human ureter, the mechanical properties at level of muscle tissue and at level of myosin molecular motors.

Methods: Ureteral samples were collected from 15 patients, who underwent nephrectomy for renal cancer.