Advanced glycation end products and breast cancer risk in a sample of the ORDET cohort.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for breast cancer, especially postmenopausal breast cancer. We evaluated the role of the advanced glycated end products (AGEs) levels contributing to the association between MetS and breast cancer risk.

Methods: Plasma AGEs were measured in a case-control study nested within the Hormones and Diet in the Etiology of Breast Tumors (ORDET) cohort, including 40 incident postmenopausal breast cancer cases (20 with MetS and 20 without) and 40 postmenopausal controls (20 with MetS and 20 without).

Proteomic Characterization of a 3D HER2+ Breast Cancer Model Reveals the Role of Mitochondrial Complex I in Acquired Resistance to Trastuzumab.

HER2-targeted therapies, such as Trastuzumab (Tz), have significantly improved the clinical outcomes for patients with HER2+ breast cancer (BC). However, treatment resistance remains a major obstacle. To elucidate functional and metabolic changes associated with acquired resistance, we characterized protein profiles of BC Tz-responder spheroids (RSs) and non-responder spheroids (nRSs) by a proteomic approach.

Feasibility and operative outcomes of surgery in the liver area in advanced ovarian cancer.

Objective: The study aimed to characterize intra-and postoperative complications according to a standardized anatomo-surgical classification for ovarian cancer metastases in the liver area.

Methods: Data from all patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing primary or secondary surgery with perihepatic liver involvement (May-2016 to May-2022), were retrospectively retrieved and classified according to a standardized anatomo-surgical classification, and clustered into four Classes: Class I "Peritoneal", Class II "Hepatoceliac-lymph-nodes", Class III "Parenchymal" and Class IV Mixed (≥ 2 classes).

Results: Data from 615 patients were collected.

Lung-to-Heart Nano-in-Micro Peptide Promotes Cardiac Recovery in a Pig Model of Chronic Heart Failure.

Background: The lack of disease-modifying drugs is one of the major unmet needs in patients with heart failure (HF). Peptides are highly selective molecules with the potential to act directly on cardiomyocytes. However, a strategy for effective delivery of therapeutics to the heart is lacking.

Cytoreductive surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors era-Is it time for a new paradigm shift? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: In patients with newly diagnosed advanced high-grade serous and endometrioid epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) first-line maintenance therapy with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) tremendously improved progression-free survival (PFS). Yet, data on the effect of PARPi in proportion to postoperative residual disease status were lacking.

Material And Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein and Human RNA Helicases DDX1 and DDX3X Modulates Their Activities on Double-Stranded RNA.

The nucleocapsid protein Np of SARS-CoV-2 is involved in the replication, transcription, and packaging of the viral genome, but it also plays a role in the modulation of the host cell innate immunity and inflammation response. Ectopic expression of Np alone was able to induce significant changes in the proteome of human cells. The cellular RNA helicase DDX1 was among the proteins whose levels were increased by Np expression.

Risk of retinal vein occlusion following COVID-19 vaccination: a self-controlled case series.

Background: To evaluate the association between COVID-19 vaccination and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: This multicentre self-controlled case series included patients with RVO seen in five tertiary referral centres in Italy. All adults who received at least one dose of the BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, mRNA-1273 or Ad26.

Investigating the Paracrine Role of Perinatal Derivatives: Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell-Extracellular Vesicles Show Promising Transient Potential for Cardiomyocyte Renewal.

Cardiomyocyte renewal represents an unmet clinical need for cardiac regeneration. Stem cell paracrine therapy has attracted increasing attention to resurge rescue mechanisms within the heart. We previously characterized the paracrine effects that human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAFSC) can exert to provide cardioprotection and enhance cardiac repair in preclinical models of myocardial ischemia and cardiotoxicity.

Effective high-throughput isolation of enriched platelets and circulating pro-angiogenic cells to accelerate skin-wound healing.

Delayed wound healing and chronic skin lesions represent a major health problem. Over the past years, growth factors mediated by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and cell-based therapies were developed as effective and affordable treatment able to improve wound healing capacity. We have advanced existing concepts to develop a highly efficient high-throughput protocol with proven application for the isolation of PRP and pro-angiogenic cells (Angio).

A Boron Delivery Antibody (BDA) with Boronated Specific Residues: New Perspectives in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy from an In Silico Investigation.

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a tumor cell-selective radiotherapy based on a nuclear reaction that occurs when the isotope boron-10 (B) is radiated by low-energy thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons, triggering a nuclear fission response and enabling a selective administration of irradiation to cells. Hence, we need to create novel delivery agents containing B with high tumor selectivity, but also exhibiting low intrinsic toxicity, fast clearance from normal tissue and blood, and no pharmaceutical effects. In the past, boronated monoclonal antibodies have been proposed using large boron-containing molecules or dendrimers, but with no investigations in relation to maintaining antibody specificity and structural and functional features.

A Shotgun Proteomic Platform for a Global Mapping of Lymphoblastoid Cells to Gain Insight into Nasu-Hakola Disease.

Nasu-Hakola Disease (NHD) is a recessively inherited systemic leukodystrophy disorder characterized by a combination of frontotemporal presenile dementia and lytic bone lesions. NHD is known to be genetically related to a structural defect of TREM2 and DAP12, two genes that encode for different subunits of the membrane receptor signaling complex expressed by microglia and osteoclast cells. Because of its rarity, molecular or proteomic studies on this disorder are absent or scarce, only case reports based on neuropsychological and genetic tests being reported.

Theranostics in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has the potential to specifically destroy tumor cells without damaging the tissues infiltrated by the tumor. BNCT is a binary treatment method based on the combination of two agents that have no effect when applied individually: B and thermal neutrons. Exclusively, the combination of both produces an effect, whose extent depends on the amount of B in the tumor but also on the organs at risk.

Comprehensive Profiling of Secretome Formulations from Fetal- and Perinatal Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells.

We previously reported that c-KIT+ human amniotic-fluid derived stem cells obtained from leftover samples of routine II trimester prenatal diagnosis (fetal hAFS) are endowed with regenerative paracrine potential driving pro-survival, anti-fibrotic and proliferative effects. hAFS may also be isolated from III trimester clinical waste samples during scheduled C-sections (perinatal hAFS), thus offering a more easily accessible alternative when compared to fetal hAFS. Nonetheless, little is known about the paracrine profile of perinatal hAFS.

Mass spectrometry-based tear proteomics for noninvasive biomarker discovery.

The lacrimal film has attracted increasing interest in the last decades as a potential source of biomarkers of physiopathological states, due to its accessibility, moderate complexity, and responsiveness to ocular and systemic diseases. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has led to effective approaches to tear proteomics, despite the intrinsic limitations in sample amounts. This review focuses on the recent progress in strategy and technology, with an emphasis on the potential for personalized medicine.

Tc-Radiolabeled Silica Nanocarriers for Targeted Detection and Treatment of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.

Introduction: The overexpression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) is usually associated with aggressive and infiltrating breast cancer (BC) phenotype, and metastases. Functionalized silica-based nanocarriers (SiNPs) can be labeled for in vivo imaging applications and loaded with chemotherapy drugs, making possible the simultaneous noninvasive diagnosis and treatment (theranostic) for HER2-positive BC.

Methods: Firstly, FITC-filled SiNPs, were engineered with two different amounts of Hc-TZ (trastuzumab half-chain) per single nanoparticle (1:2 and 1:8, SiNPs to Hc-TZ ratio), which was Tc-radiolabeled at histidine residues for ex vivo and in vivo biodistribution evaluations.

Shotgun Proteomics of Isolated Urinary Extracellular Vesicles for Investigating Respiratory Impedance in Healthy Preschoolers.

Urine proteomic applications in children suggested their potential in discriminating between healthy subjects from those with respiratory diseases. The aim of the current study was to combine protein fractionation, by urinary extracellular vesicle isolation, and proteomics analysis in order to establish whether different patterns of respiratory impedance in healthy preschoolers can be characterized from a protein fingerprint. Twenty-one 3-5-yr-old healthy children, representative of 66 recruited subjects, were selected: 12 late preterm (LP) and 9 full-term (T) born.

Gcn5p and Ubp8p Affect Protein Ubiquitylation and Cell Proliferation by Altering the Fermentative/Respiratory Flux Balance in .

Protein ubiquitylation regulates not only endocellular trafficking and proteasomal degradation but also the catalytic activity of enzymes. In , we analyzed the composition of the ubiquitylated proteomes in strains lacking acetyltransferase Gcn5p, Ub-protease Ubp8p, or both to understand their involvement in the regulation of protein ubiquitylation. We analyzed His6Ub proteins with a proteomic approach coupling micro-liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (μLC-MS/MS) in Δ, Δ and Δ Δ strains.

Urinary Proteomics Profiles Are Useful for Detection of Cancer Biomarkers and Changes Induced by Therapeutic Procedures.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary cancer treatment modality where two different agents (B and thermal neutrons) have to be present to produce an effect. A dedicated trial design is necessary for early clinical trials. The concentration of B in tissues is an accepted surrogate to predict BNCT effects on tissues.

Methionine oxidation in α-synuclein inhibits its propensity for ordered secondary structure.

α-Synuclein (AS) is an intrinsically disordered protein highly expressed in dopaminergic neurons. Its amyloid aggregates are the major component of Lewy bodies, a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). AS is particularly exposed to oxidation of its methionine residues, both and Oxidative stress has been implicated in PD and oxidized α-synuclein has been shown to assemble into soluble, toxic oligomers, rather than amyloid fibrils.

Proteome Investigation of Rat Lungs subjected to Ex Vivo Perfusion (EVLP).

Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is an emerging procedure that allows organ preservation, assessment and reconditioning, increasing the number of marginal donor lungs for transplantation. However, physiological and airflow measurements are unable to unveil the molecular mechanisms responsible of EVLP beneficial effects on lung graft and monitor the proper course of the treatment. Thus, it is urgent to find specific biomarkers that possess these requirements but also accurate and reliable techniques that identify them.