Longitudinal Assessment of FT3 to FT4 Conversion Ratio in Predicting the Efficacy of First-Line Pembrolizumab-Based Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity-Score Matching Analysis of Data from the National Drug Monitoring Agency.

Baseline thyroid function, as measured by the fT3 to fT4 ratio, has been shown to influence the prognosis of advanced cancer patients receiving active treatments. Although immune checkpoint blockade can alter the balance of thyroid hormones, this interaction has not been thoroughly investigated. The present research sought to determine whether changes in the fT3/fT4 ratio could affect the survival outcomes of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were undergoing pembrolizumab-based therapies.

Early Changes in LIPI Score Predict Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients on Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

In advanced cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint blockade, the burden of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) is high. The need for reliable biomarkers for irAEs remains unfulfilled in this expanding therapeutic field. The lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) is a noninvasive measure of systemic inflammation that has consistently shown a correlation with survival in various cancer types when assessed at baseline.

Herpes zoster after the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in actively treated cancer patients: a prospective study.

Several concerns have been raised about a causal relationship between COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines and the development of herpes zoster (HZ). We performed a prospective analysis of the Vax-On-Third-Profile study to investigate the incidence of HZ after the third dose of mRNA-BNT162b2 (tozinameran) and its correlation with immune responses. Patients who had received a booster dose and had been actively treated for at least 8 weeks were eligible.

Immune responses and clinical outcomes following the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in advanced breast cancer patients receiving targeted therapies: a prospective study.

Purpose: Metastatic breast cancer patients are the most prevalent oncology population with advanced disease facing COVID-19 pandemic. Immune responses after mRNA-based vaccination during treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors or HER2-directed agents remain unclear. We conducted a prospective analysis to elucidate changes in antibody titers and lymphocyte counts following full course of mRNA-BNT162b2 (tozinameran) vaccination in recipients undergoing these targeted therapies.

Effects of Acetaminophen Exposure on Outcomes of Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

(1) Background: Several studies have investigated potential interactions between immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and commonly prescribed medications. Although acetaminophen (APAP) has not been considered susceptible to interaction with ICIs, recent research has shown that detectable plasma levels of this drug can hinder the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies. A reliable assessment of the potential interaction between APAP and ICIs in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients would be worthwhile since it is often prescribed in this condition.

Changes in Peripheral Immune Cells after the Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 Vaccine and Disease Outcomes in Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Prospective Analysis of the Vax-on-Third-Profile Study.

Background: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines can deeply affect cell-mediated immune responses in immunocompromised recipients, including cancer patients receiving active treatments. The clinical implications of changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets following the third dose of mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccination (tozinameran) in patients on immune checkpoint blockade are not fully understood. We conducted a prospective analysis of the Vax-On-Third-Profile study to evaluate the impact of circulating lymphocyte dynamics on disease outcomes in this subgroup of patients.

Pathologic response and survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without pertuzumab in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer: the Neopearl nationwide collaborative study.

Purpose: Clinical trials have shown a significant increase in pathologic complete response (pCR) with the addition of pertuzumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with early-stage HER-2 positive breast cancer. To date, limited studies have examined comparative outcomes of neoadjuvant pertuzumab in real-world setting. The Neopearl study aimed to assess comparative real-life efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pertuzumab for these patients.

Immune-related adverse events and disease outcomes after the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: The clinical implications of the third dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors are currently unknown. We performed a prospective analysis of the Vax-On-Third study to investigate the effects of antibody response on immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and disease outcomes.

Methods: Recipients of the booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine who had received at least one course of an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment before vaccination for an advanced solid malignancy were eligible.

Effects of Antibody Response after Booster Vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections and Disease Outcomes in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Prospective Analysis of the Vax-on-Third Study.

(1) Background: The clinical implications of COVID-19 outbreaks following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunocompromised recipients are a worldwide concern. Cancer patients on active treatment remain at an increased risk of developing breakthrough infections because of waning immunity and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants. There is a paucity of data on the effects of COVID-19 outbreaks on long-term survival outcomes in this population.

Dynamic changes in peripheral lymphocytes and antibody response following a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of circulating lymphocytes profiling with antibody response in cancer patients receiving the third dose of COVID-19 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood was used to determine absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets, alongside detection of IgG antibodies against receptor-binding-domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S1) before booster dosing (timepoint-1) and four weeks afterward (timepoint-2). An IgG titer ≥ 50 AU/mL defined a positive seroconversion response.

Real-Life Experience of the Prognostic Significance of the Primary Tumor Location on the Timing of Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background Numerous research studies have looked into how the primary tumor location (PTL) affects patients' prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC). Our research aimed to investigate the prognostic effects of PTL in patients with synchronous (SM) and metachronous (MM) colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Material and methods From 2016 to 2021, we looked back at the records of patients at our institute who were affected by CRCLM.

Dynamic Changes of Peripheral NK Cells Predict Outcome in Patients with PD-L1 Positive Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors as Second-line Therapy.

We evaluated immune cell frequencies in peripheral blood samples of 41 NSCLC patients before and after second-line therapy with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents. Changes in lymphocyte subsets and their correlation with clinical response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. We observed an increase in median values of all lymphocyte subsets, being significant only for NK cells.

Peripheral lymphocyte subset counts predict antibody response after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in cancer patients: Results from the Vax-On-Profile study.

Background: The adaptive immune response following COVID-19 vaccination is essential for humoral immunogenicity and clinical protection against symptomatic infections. We present the results of circulating lymphocyte profiling and their correlation with antibody response in cancer patients tested serologically six months after receiving a two-dose schedule of mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine.

Methods: Absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets were determined using peripheral blood immunophenotyping.

Immune-related Thyroid Dysfunction (irTD) in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Correlates With Response and Survival.

Background: There is no clear information on the proportion of patients who need therapy for immune-related thyroid dysfunction (irTD) or who need to delay, omit, or discontinue immunotherapy. Furthermore, it is not well known whether irTD correlates with better outcomes or not.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1.

Blood serum amyloid A as potential biomarker of pembrolizumab efficacy for patients affected by advanced non-small cell lung cancer overexpressing PD-L1: results of the exploratory "FoRECATT" study.

Background: Identifying the patients who may benefit the most from immune checkpoints inhibitors remains a great challenge for clinicians. Here we investigate on blood serum amyloid A (SAA) as biomarker of response to upfront pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Patients with PD-L1 ≥ 50% receiving upfront pembrolizumab (P cohort) and with PD-L1 0-49% treated with chemotherapy (CT cohort) were evaluated for blood SAA and radiological response at baseline and every 9 weeks.

Long lasting response to second-line everolimus in kidney cancer.

In the case presented here, everolimus was administered after first line therapy with sunitinib in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The safety profile was excellent. The prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) obtained with everolimus in this case is of peculiar interest, as it is a multiple of the median PFS obtained in with everolimus in the regulatory trial.

Potential value of Gleason score in predicting the benefit of cabazitaxel in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to identify predictive/prognostic factors in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with cabazitaxel.

Patients & Methods: Patients were enrolled from March 2011 to December 2011 in an international expanded access program. In January 2012, when cabazitaxel became commercially available, a prospective study was initiated at University Federico II of Naples and at Rionero in Vulture Hospital.

Non-AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma: A single-institution experience.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes and potential prognostic factors in patients with non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS).

Methods: Patients with histologically proven non-AIDS-related KS treated with systemic chemotherapy were included in this retrospective analysis. In some cases, the human herpes virus 8 status was assessed by immunohistochemistry.