Diet-Gut Microbiota Interactions and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).

Medical nutritional therapy is the first-line approach in managing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Diet is also a powerful modulator of the gut microbiota, whose impact on insulin resistance and the inflammatory response in the host are well known. Changes in the gut microbiota composition have been described in pregnancies either before the onset of GDM or after its diagnosis.

Oxidative stress in stable cystic fibrosis patients: do we need higher antioxidant plasma levels?

Unlabelled: Oxidative stress plays an important role in cystic fibrosis (CF). However, there is a lack of validated biomarkers of oxidative damage that correlate with the antioxidant needs of patients with CF.

Objective: To investigate oxidative stress in stable pediatric CF patients and evaluate if vitamin supplementation may be tailored to individual needs and oxidative status.

Donkey's milk detailed lipid composition.

Donkey's milk (DM) has recently aroused scientific interest, above all among paediatric allergologists. A deeper knowledge of both proteins and fats in donkey's milk is necessary to evaluate the immunological, physiological and nutritional properties. By using the most refined techniques for fatty acids analysis, the paper offers a detailed comparative analysis of the lipid fractions of DM as well as of human and cow milk, also indicating the distribution of fatty-acid moieties among sn-1/3 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone.

Efficacy of antioxidant treatment in reducing resistin serum levels: a randomized study.

Objectives: Few in vitro studies have examined the participation of resistin, a recently discovered adipokine, in oxidative processes. We investigated whether in vivo treatment with the antioxidant vitamin C might affect resistin serum levels.

Design: Randomized prospective open trial.

Gestational hyperglycemia, zinc, selenium, and antioxidant vitamins.

Objective: Lower levels of selenium and vitamin E have been described in gestational diabetes, a condition similar to type 2 diabetes, but few data are available about zinc (known to be associated with diabetes) and gestational hyperglycemia. This study evaluated the dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins, zinc, selenium, and serum levels of zinc and selenium in women with gestational hyperglycemia and normoglycemia.

Methods: A food-frequency questionnaire was administered to 504 pregnant women (210 with hyperglycemia and 294 with normoglycemia).

Mild gestational hyperglycemia, the metabolic syndrome and adverse neonatal outcomes.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its effect on neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with different degrees of hyperglycemia.

Methods: One hundred and fifty women with gestational diabetes, 100 with one abnormal value on the oral glucose tolerance test, 100 with a normal oral glucose challenge test and 350 with an abnormal challenge test and normal tolerance test were enrolled.

Results: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was: 0%, 4.