Incidental finding in urine cytology in a patient with chronic renal disease.

An incidental finding in urine smears from a patient with a presumptive diagnosis of an IgA mesangial nephropathy is presented. A possible example of the potential value of urine cytology in functional renal disorders. We report a case of an incidental finding in urine cytology from a patient with a presumptive diagnosis of an IgA mesangial glomerulonephritis, previously diagnosed as atypical urothelial cells.

Genetic testing in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: in whom and when?

Background: Genetic causes are increasingly recognized in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), but it remains unclear which patients should undergo genetic study. Our objective was to determine the frequency and distribution of genetic variants in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome FSGS (SRNS-FSGS) and in FSGS of undetermined cause (FSGS-UC).

Methods: We performed targeted exome sequencing of 84 genes associated with glomerulopathy in patients with adult-onset SRNS-FSGS or FSGS-UC after ruling out secondary causes.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in primary and secondary glomerulonephritis.

Background: The role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in the management glomerular/systemic autoimmune diseases with proteinuria in real-world clinical settings is unclear.

Methods: This is a retrospective, observational, international cohort study. Adult patients with biopsy-proven glomerular diseases were included.

The STARMEN trial indicates that alternating treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide is superior to sequential treatment with tacrolimus and rituximab in primary membranous nephropathy.

A cyclical corticosteroid-cyclophosphamide regimen is recommended for patients with primary membranous nephropathy at high risk of progression. We hypothesized that sequential therapy with tacrolimus and rituximab is superior to cyclical alternating treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide in inducing persistent remission in these patients. This was tested in a randomized, open-label controlled trial of 86 patients with primary membranous nephropathy and persistent nephrotic syndrome after six-months observation and assigned 43 each to receive six-month cyclical treatment with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide or sequential treatment with tacrolimus (full-dose for six months and tapering for another three months) and rituximab (one gram at month six).

Impact of postoperative acute kidney failure in long-term survival after heart valve surgery.

Objectives: We investigated the impact of acute kidney failure after a heart valve procedure among patients with or without chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: All patients who had undergone a surgical valve procedure between 2005 and 2017 at our institution were divided into 2 groups depending on whether they had previous history of CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2) or not.