[Placebo: real or imagined effect. What does the science say?].

The placebo effect is one of the mechanisms at work in the success of comprehensive care. It relies on psychological, biological and environmental mechanisms. If its effectiveness has been documented, it should be noted that its power of effect remains weak and that it depends on the context.

[High-output heart failure].

High output heart failure (HOHF) is a particular type of heart failure with multiple etiologies but a similar underlying mechanism, namely a decrease in systemic vascular resistance, in some instances associated with increased metabolic requirements. This leads to neurohormonal activation, fluid and sodium retention and a chronic hyperdynamic state resulting in a classic congestive state associated with clinical signs of high output. While no clear definition of HOHF exists, such findings and an increase in cardiac output (cardiac index >4 L/min/m2) strongly suggest the diagnosis.