Abnormal vascular thickness and stiffness in young adults with type 1 diabetes: new insights from cutting-edge ultrasound modalities.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). Early markers of CVD include increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), but these existing ultrasound technologies show limited spatial and temporal resolution in young adults. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of high-resolution ultrasound modalities, including high frequency ultrasound CIMT (hfCIMT) and ultrafast ultrasound PWV (ufPWV), in young adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

Socioeconomic representativeness of Australian, Canadian and British cohorts from the paediatric diabetes AdDIT study: comparisons to regional and national data.

Background: Given limited data regarding the involvement of disadvantaged groups in paediatric diabetes clinical trials, this study aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic representativeness of participants recruited into a multinational clinical trial in relation to regional and national type 1 diabetes reference populations.

Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional evaluation of a subset of adolescent type 1 diabetes cardiorenal intervention trial (AdDIT) participants from Australia (n = 144), Canada (n = 312) and the UK (n = 173). Validated national measures of deprivation were used: the Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage (IRSD) 2016 (Australia), the Material Resources (MR) dimension of the Canadian Marginalisation index 2016 (Canada) and the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2015 (UK).

Mediating Effects of Technology-Based Therapy on the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Glycemic Management in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes.

Socioeconomic disparities exist related to accessibility and uptake of diabetes technologies that impact glycemic management. The aims of this study were to describe diabetes technology use (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII] and continuous glucose monitoring [CGM]) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and assess the mediating effects of each technology on the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and glycemic management. Single-center retrospective cross-sectional study of children aged 0-18 years ( = 813) with T1D and valid postal codes between 2018 and 2020.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Type 1 Diabetes: Relationship With Autoimmune and Microvascular Complications.

Purpose: To assess reported rates of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and their association with autoimmune diseases and microvascular complications in adults and children with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: The Gastrointestinal Symptom Scale was used to assess GI symptom type and severity in 2370 patients with type 1 diabetes aged 8 to 45 years evaluated as part of a clinical trial screening for celiac disease (CD). The presence and severity of GI symptoms and relationships with demographic, clinical, and other diabetes-related factors were evaluated.

Language Difficulties in School-Age Children With Developmental Dyslexia.

Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a common reading disability, affecting 5% to 11% of children in North America. Children classified as having DD often have a history of early language delay (ELD) or language impairments. Nevertheless, studies have reported conflicting results as to the association between DD-ELD and the extent of current language difficulties in children with DD.

Accuracy of Screening Tests for Celiac Disease in Asymptomatic Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.

Introduction: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of celiac serologic tests in asymptomatic patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: Patients with T1D asymptomatic for celiac disease were prospectively screened with immunoglobulin A anti-tissue transglutaminase. Test characteristics were calculated and optimal cutoffs for a positive screen determined.

Impact of a Gluten-Free Diet on Quality of Life and Health Perception in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease.

Context: Celiac disease (CD) is a common comorbidity seen in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and is frequently asymptomatic. As chronic conditions requiring significant lifestyle changes, there are limited reports assessing changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during transition to a gluten-free diet (GFD) in patients with T1D who are asymptomatic for CD.

Objective: This work aims to prospectively assess HRQoL and health perception in children and adults with T1D and asymptomatic CD after random assignment to GFD vs usual diet.

Screening and Treatment Outcomes in Adults and Children With Type 1 Diabetes and Asymptomatic Celiac Disease: The CD-DIET Study.

Objective: To describe celiac disease (CD) screening rates and glycemic outcomes of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in patients with type 1 diabetes who are asymptomatic for CD.

Research Design And Methods: Asymptomatic patients (8-45 years) were screened for CD. Biopsy-confirmed CD participants were randomized to GFD or gluten-containing diet (GCD) to assess changes in HbA and continuous glucose monitoring over 12 months.

Assessing Allied Health-Care Professional Time in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: Associations With Clinical Factors, Technology and Social Determinants.

Objectives: The factors associated with allied health-care professional (HCP) time spent face-to-face with patients in clinic have not been well described in type 1 diabetes (T1D) given the introduction of resource-intensive technologies and gaps in socioeconomic circumstances. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical and social factors associated with nonphysician HCP time in a pediatric T1D practice.

Methods: Nonphysician HCP workload data, including time spent in direct clinical care over a 1-year period and nonclinic contacts, were linked to data from 723 pediatric subjects with T1D and evaluated in relation to key demographic, social and diabetes treatment factors.

Social Determinants of Health Are Associated with Markers of Renal Injury in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: To examine the relationship between the social determinants of health and markers of early renal injury in adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Study Design: Renal outcomes included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin-creatinine excretion ratio (ACR). Differences in urinary and serum inflammatory markers also were assessed in relation to social determinants of health.

Social Determinants of Health Are Associated with Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and Vascular Function in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between social determinants of health (SDH) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors as well as a measure of arterial stiffness in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Study Design: SDH were measured with the validated Ontario Marginalization Index, derived from deidentified postal code data and stratified by quintile (first  = least deprived; fifth = most deprived). SDH dimensions included material deprivation; ethnic concentration; and measures of dependency and residential instability.