On dosimetric characteristics of detectors for relative dosimetry in small fields: a multicenter experimental study.

. In this multicentric collaborative study, we aimed to verify whether the selected radiation detectors satisfy the requirements of TRS-483 Code of Practice for relative small field dosimetry in megavoltage photon beams used in radiotherapy, by investigating four dosimetric characteristics. Furthermore, we intended to analyze and complement the recommendations given in TRS-483.

Results of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for resected and intact large brain metastases.

Unlabelled: Post-resection or isolated hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HF-SRT) is a therapeutic option for large brain metastases (>2 cm, LBMs).

Objective: To compare the results of post-resection or isolated HF-SRT in patients with LBMs.

Material And Methods: A prospective study included 115 patients with 129 intact LBMs and 133 patients with 149 resected LBMs who underwent HF-SRT.

Stereotactic irradiation for optic nerve hemangioblastoma associated with Von Hippel-Lindau disease: a case report and literature review.

Hemangioblastoma is a benign tumor of the central nervous system arising sporadically or as a component of Von Hippel-Lindau disease. Von Hippel-Lindau disease is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome with various phenotypes caused by VHL gene variants. To date, only about 40 cases of optic nerve hemangioblastoma have been described in the literature.

Long-Term Results of the First Clinical Application of Stereotactic Radioablation Using a Linear Electron Accelerator for the Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia.

We present the first clinical application of non-invasive stereotaxic radioablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) refractory to medical and surgical treatment. Based on the results of invasive navigational activation mapping, a pericicatrical zone in the interventricular septum associated with VT was verified. Radiosurgical irradiation of the target in the region of the interventricular septum and the posterior apical segment of the left ventricle was performed on a TrueBeam linear electron accelerator (Varian) in accordance with the segmental scheme of the left ventricle.

Cell cultures in assessing radioresistance of glioblastomas.

To date, no modern methods of treatment allow overcoming malignant potential of glial neoplasms and significant increase of survival. Analysis of glioblastoma radioresistance using cancer cell cultures is one of the perspective directions, as radiotherapy is standard and available treatment method for these neoplasms. This review summarizes current studies identifying many factors of radioresistance of glial tumors, such as hypoxia, microenvironment and metabolic features of tumor, stem cells, internal heterogeneity of tumor, microRNA, features of cell cycle, DNA damage and reparation.

Hypofractionated stereotactic irradiation for optic nerve glioma.

Unlabelled: Optic nerve glioma is a rather rare tumor. It predominantly arises in pediatric patients, including those with type I neurofibromatosis. This neoplasm is accompanied by decreased visual function and exophthalmos.

Reparative properties of human glioblastoma cells after single exposure to a wide range of X-ray doses.

Radiation therapy induces double-stranded DNA breaks in tumor cells, which leads to their death. A fraction of glioblastoma cells repair such breaks and reinitiate tumor growth. It was necessary to identify the relationship between high radiation doses and the proliferative activity of glioblastoma cells, and to evaluate the contribution of DNA repair pathways, homologous recombination (HR), and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) to tumor-cell recovery.

[Radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma].

Background: Despite the combined treatment in accordance with modern standards, recurrent glioblastoma usually occurs within several months after resection and causes low relapse-free and overall survival. One of the most effective methods for malignant glioma progression is repeated radiotherapy. Indications for this approach have expanded after introduction of stereotactic irradiation into routine clinical practice.

[Changes in treatment paradigm for neurosurgical patients in the era of stereotactic irradiation. By the 15th anniversary of the Neuroradiosurgery in Russia].

Introduction: Stereotactic method and new irradiation techniques ensured radiosurgical treatment with high precision and conformity and significantly expanded the indications for stereotactic irradiation in neurosurgery.

Material And Methods: Over 15-year period, 29 976 patients underwent irradiation in various modes of fractionation on linear accelerators and Gamma Knife system at the first national radiosurgery center.

Results: Stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery are followed by minimal number of complications and side reactions.

[Central neurocytomas: long-term treatment outcomes].

Unlabelled: Central neurocytoma is a rare benign brain tumor. These tumors may be giant and accompanied by compression of ventricular system and surrounding structures. Modern treatment of brain neurocytoma includes extended resection and restoration of normal CSF circulation.

[Radiosurgical hypophysectomy in cancer pain treatment. Literature review and clinical case].

Cancer pain is one of the main problem in modern medicine. According European Society for Medical Oncology data, cancer pain prevalence is 64% among patient with terminal stage of disease and in 46% standard pain therapy was ineffective. Radiosurgical hypophysectomy is one of the important and perspective method in cancer pain treatment.

[Glioblastomas in patients with medulloblastomas after combined treatment].

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common brain malignancy in children occurring in the posterior cranial fossa. This tumor is characterized by high risk of metastasis along the CSF pathways. Significant progress in research of this tumor and appropriate treatment is associated with determining the various molecular categories of primary medulloblastomas.

[Multicystic transformation of the post-radiation necrosis zone of the brain. A case report and literature review].

Post-radiation cyst of the brain is a rare complication that often arises many years after irradiation for head and neck neoplasms. The majority of the articles devoted to this problem are small samples or case reports. Nevertheless, the overall number of these patients is steadily increasing.

[Correct use of Kreatech DNA probes to detect MYC gene amplification in medulloblastomas by fluorescence in situ hybridization].

Unlabelled: In most cases, oncogene amplification are prognostic and predictive markers for various tumors, therefore DNA probes are unable to reveal changes in the copy numbers should not be used to diagnose malignant tumors.

Objective: To comparatively analyze DNA probes from different manufacturers to detect MYC gene amplification in routine practice.

Material And Methods: The study material was formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded medulloblastoma fragments from 4 patients, with discrepancies in the results in the detection of MYC gene amplification.

[Efficacy and safety of neuroprotection in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma].

Unlabelled: Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered one of the main factors in the development and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The main schemes of drug treatment and cell protection from glaucomatous damage are aimed particularly at reducing IOP. However, it is possible for the disease to progress with normalized IOP.

Preoperative Stereotactic Radiosurgery of Brain Metastases: Preliminary Results.

Introduction:  Preoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (pre-SRS) is a recent advancement in the strategy for brain metastasis (BM) management, and available data demonstrate the advantages of pre-SRS before postoperative radiation treatment, including lower rates of local toxicity, leptomeningeal progression, and a high percentage of local control. The authors presented the results of pre-SRS in patients with BM.

Materials And Methods: Nineteen patients with BM (11 female and eight male) have been treated at N.

Intraosseous Metastasizing of Pineoblastoma into the Anterior Skull Base, Calvarial Bones, and Vertebrae.

Pineoblastoma is a rare malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), which arises from the parenchyma of the pineal gland. It is characterized by aggressive clinical behavior and frequent metastases along the craniospinal axis. Extraneural metastases may occur due to surgical seeding of tumor cells beyond the dura and/or hematogenous spread, ventriculoperitoneal shunting, or through Batson's plexus.

[Kidney cancer with brain metastases. Prognostic factors and treatment outcome].

The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of stereotactic radiosurgery by Gamma Knife in kidney cancer with brain metastases. There were analyzed results in 112 patients with such spread of the disease who received treatment in the Gamma Knife Center, Moscow. The median age of patients was 58 years (range, 33-77 years).

Successful CyberKnife Irradiation of 1000 cc Hemicranial Meningioma: 6-year Follow-up.

Meningiomas are common benign tumors with accepted treatment approaches and usually don't challenge healthcare specialists. We present a case of a huge unresectable hemicranial meningioma, which was successfully treated with hypofractionated irradiation. A male patient, sixty-two years of age, suffered for over 12 years from headaches, facial deformity, right eye displacement, right eye movement restriction, right-sided ptosis, and facial hypoesthesia.

The outcomes of stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Introduction: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the congenital anomalies of development of cerebral vessels during the embryonic period. The conventional therapy for AVMs currently includes endovascular management, microneurosurgical resection, and stereotactic irradiation.

Material And Methods: A total of 315 patients with brain AVMs were subjected to stereotactic radiotherapy in 2005-2011.

Stereotactic radiotherapy for spinal meningiomas and neurinomas.

Introduction: Over the past decades, stereotactic conformal radiotherapy of intracranial meningiomas and schwannomas has been recognized as an effective and safe procedure. Due to the wide use of the CyberKnife system and the procedure of extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery, the positive experience can be used to treat spinal tumors. This study assessed the effectiveness of stereotactic radiaotherapy of spinal meningiomas and neurinomas using the CyberKnife system.

[Effect of early multimodal rehabilitation on postoperative recovery after abdominal hysterectomy].

Unlabelled: Purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of the use of enhanced recovery after surgery for the postoperative period, and the inflammatory response after hysterectomy.

Introduction: Methods Prospectively, 50 patients ASA 1-2 aged 42-72 years were randomized into two groups: the ERAS group (n = 25) and the control group (CG) with traditional perioperative management (n = 25). combined spinal and epidural anesthesia technique was used in all patients.

[Efficacy of vitamin mineral complex "Focus forte" in combined treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration].

The efficacy of Focus forte is proved in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in terms of improvement of functional retinal activity, oxygenation, metabolism normalization as well as morphometric retinal and optic nerve indices. Principles of evidence based pharmacotherapy in this study allow advising Focus forte in the treatment of patients with POAG and AMD.

[CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of patients with trigeminal neuralgia].

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a disabling disease with severe impairment of quality of life and everyday activity of patients. Range of treatment modalities is wide and includes conservative therapy, surgical methods and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). SRS is a minimally invasive technique which provides good results and minimal rate of complications.

[CyberKnife stereotactic radiotherapy for mass lesions of the spinal cord and spine].

Introduction of a novel technology of stereotactic radiation treatment using linear accelerators, refining of systems for visualization and guidance provided rapid development of extracranial radiosurgery. Nowadays there is a possibility of precise stereotactic irradiation of lesions with different size and localization. One of the most actual and promising indications for radiosurgery are different primary and metastatic lesions and arteriovenous malformations of spinal cord and spine.