Whole transcriptome sequencing analysis of blood plasma-derived exosomes from immune-related hearing loss.

Background: Early diagnosis of immune-related hearing loss and timely treatment can prevent structural damage to the inner ear and contribute to hearing retention. Exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs and proteins have great prospects as novel biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. Our study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of exosomes or exosomal ceRNA regulatory networks in immune-related hearing loss.

Melatonin Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity via Regulating the Cell Apoptosis of the Inner Ear.

Objective: The mechanism of ototoxicity caused by cisplatin is currently unclear, and the induced apoptosis may play an important role in inner ear injury. Melatonin has high antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. This study is aimed at clarifying the protective effect on the inner ear and the underlying mechanism of melatonin.

MiR-142-5p directly targets cyclin-dependent kinase 5-mediated upregulation of the inflammatory process in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. MiR-142-5p is an important inflammation-associated miRNA, whose abnormal expression has been associated with a variety of inflammation-related diseases. However, the role and signaling pathways targeted by miR-142-5p in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma (AMEC) have not been fully elucidated.

Hidden hearing loss is associated with loss of ribbon synapses of cochlea inner hair cells.

The present study aimed to observe the changes in the cochlea ribbon synapses after repeated exposure to moderate-to-high intensity noise. Guinea pigs received 95 dB SPL white noise exposure 4 h a day for consecutive 7 days (we regarded it a medium-term and moderate-intensity noise, or MTMI noise). Animals were divided into four groups: Control, 1DPN (1-day post noise), 1WPN (1-week post noise), and 1MPN (1-month post noise).

TFIIB-related factor 2 regulates glucose-regulated protein 78 expression in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma.

Acquired middle ear cholesteatoma leads to hearing loss, ear discharge, ear pain, and more serious intracranial complications. However, there is still no effective treatment other than surgery. TFIIB-related factor 2 (BRF2) acted as a redox sensor overexpressing in oxidative stress which linked endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, while glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) was a biomarker of ER stress in cancer, atherosclerosis and inflammation.

A unique radioprotective effect of resolvin E1 reduces irradiation-induced damage to the inner ear by inhibiting the inflammatory response.

Background: In addition to the direct effects of irradiation, the induced inflammatory response may play an important role in the damage to the inner ear caused by radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancers. Resolvin E1 (RvE1) has anti-inflammatory activity, acting by reducing neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Therefore, in this study we sought to confirm whether the inflammation induced by irradiation was involved in damage to the inner ear after radiotherapy and to investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of RvE1 using mouse models.

Preliminary study on the feasibility of a two-stage screening strategy for otitis media with effusion in children.

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of a two-stage screening strategy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in pre-school and school children. The risk factors of OME were also studied.

Methods: One hundred and eighty-nine children aged 4-8 years were recruited.

Analysis of the developmental trajectory and influencing factors of auditory and speech functions after cochlear implantation in Mandarin Chinese speaking children.

The auditory and speech development of the children with cochlear implants (CIs) are influenced by many factors. To study the developmental trajectory and influencing factors of auditory and speech functions for the Mandarin Chinese speaking children with CIs. The children with CIs undergoing rehabilitation in the same institution from June 2016 to June 2019 were followed up.

Analysis of related factors of recurrence in horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a pilot study.

Whether the abnormal caloric test (C-test) affects recurrence rate in horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HSC-BPPV) with residual dizziness (RD) is not clear. 1) Analyze the association of the cycles of canalith repositioning procedure (CRP), C-test and RD after CRP and 2) determine which affects the recurrence rate in idiopathic HSC-BPPV. Eighty-four patients with HSC-BPPV (canal type) were included in this work.

Coblation tonsillectomy versus coblation tonsillectomy with ties in adults.

Objective: This study was performed to compare the intraoperative and postoperative courses of coblation tonsillectomy and coblation tonsillectomy with ties in adults.

Methods: All patients who underwent tonsillectomy from July 2012 to September 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, pain, and return to normal food intake were compared between patients who underwent coblation tonsillectomy and those who underwent coblation tonsillectomy with ties.

Cmah deficiency may lead to age-related hearing loss by influencing miRNA-PPAR mediated signaling pathway.

Background: Previous evidence has indicated CMP-Neu5Ac hydroxylase (Cmah) disruption inducesaging-related hearing loss (AHL). However, its function mechanisms remain unclear. This study was to explore the mechanisms of AHL by using microarray analysis in the Cmah deficiency animal model.

miR‑10b‑3p, miR‑8112 and let‑7j as potential biomarkers for autoimmune inner ear diseases.

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested as non‑invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of several autoimmune diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have yet examined the miRNA expression profiles in autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED). The present study aimed to use an miRNA sequencing assay to detect the miRNA expression profiles of serum samples from 3 control mice and 3 antigen‑induced AIED model mice.

The variation of superior semicircular canal bone thickness in relation to age and gender.

Background: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SSCD) is a current diagnosis that is due to a loss of bone covering the superior semicircular canal (SSC). This results in pressure-/sound- induced vertigo and oscillopsia.

Objective: To find the variation of the thickness of the bone that covers the Superior Semicircular Canal with relation to age and gender among the Chinese descents.

Screening of genes associated with inflammatory responses in the endolymphatic sac reveals underlying mechanisms for autoimmune inner ear diseases.

The current study analyzed gene expression profiles of the endolymphatic sac (ES) in rats and identified expressed genes, present in the human and rat ES, to reveal key hubs for inflammatory responses. Microarray data (accession no. E-MEXP-3022) were obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute database, including three biological replicates of ES plus dura tissues and three replicates of pure dura tissues form rats.

Comparison of electrode position between round window and cochleostomy inserting approaches among young children: a cone-beam computed tomography study.

Background: As the two most commonly used approaches for cochlear implants (CIs), the round-window insertion (RWI) and cochleostomy are still controversial about which approach is optimal. The lack of visual observation methods makes it difficult to compare the electrode position between them.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the electrode position between RWI and cochleostomy approaches for CI among young children.

Hearing impairment in type 2 diabetics and patients with early diabetic nephropathy.

Aims: The study was to investigate the hearing function in subjects with non-diabetic nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy and analyze related clinical indexes of hearing impairment.

Methods: We assessed the hearing function of 30 diabetics (DM group), 30 patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN group) and 30 healthy subjects (NC group) using pure-tone audiometry, otoacoustic emissions, electronystagmography, caloric test and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP).

Results: Pure-tone audiogram demonstrated a deficit at frequencies with elevated threshold in both DM and DN group (p < 0.

Short-wavelength infrared laser activates the auditory neurons: comparing the effect of 980 vs. 810 nm wavelength.

Research on auditory neural triggering by optical stimulus has been developed as an emerging technique to elicit the auditory neural response, which may provide an alternative method to the cochlear implants. However, most previous studies have been focused on using longer-wavelength near-infrared (>1800 nm) laser. The effect comparison of different laser wavelengths in short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) range on the auditory neural stimulation has not been previously explored.

The evolution of function within the Nudix homology clan.

The Nudix homology clan encompasses over 80,000 protein domains from all three domains of life, defined by homology to each other. Proteins with a domain from this clan fall into four general functional classes: pyrophosphohydrolases, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerases (IDIs), adenine/guanine mismatch-specific adenine glycosylases (A/G-specific adenine glycosylases), and nonenzymatic activities such as protein/protein interaction and transcriptional regulation. The largest group, pyrophosphohydrolases, encompasses more than 100 distinct hydrolase specificities.

Substrate specificity characterization for eight putative nudix hydrolases. Evaluation of criteria for substrate identification within the Nudix family.

The nearly 50,000 known Nudix proteins have a diverse array of functions, of which the most extensively studied is the catalyzed hydrolysis of aberrant nucleotide triphosphates. The functions of 171 Nudix proteins have been characterized to some degree, although physiological relevance of the assayed activities has not always been conclusively demonstrated. We investigated substrate specificity for eight structurally characterized Nudix proteins, whose functions were unknown.

[Cochlear implantation in bilateral traumatic severe to profound sensorineural deafness].

Objective: To analyze the audiologic results of cochlear implantation in bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss following head trauma.

Methods: A retrospective study of our cochlear implantation cases in bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss following head trauma (with or without temporal bone fractures). Four patients in second hospital of Shandong university were analyzed in this study.

Antiproliferative effects of celecoxib in Hep-2 cells through telomerase inhibition and induction of apoptosis.

Background: To investigate the effect of celecoxib on telomerase activity and apoptosis in a human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell line (Hep-2 cells).

Materials And Methods: The growth inhibition rate of Hep-2 cells in vitro was measured by MTT assay, and apoptosis by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry (FCM). The TRAP-ELISA method was used to determine telomerase activity in Hep-2 cells.

Perception of speech produced by native and nonnative talkers by listeners with normal hearing and listeners with cochlear implants.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding of English sentences produced by native (English) and nonnative (Spanish) talkers by listeners with normal hearing (NH) and listeners with cochlear implants (CIs). METHOD Sentence recognition in noise was measured in adult subjects with CIs and subjects with NH, all of whom were native talkers of American English. Test sentences were from the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) database and were produced in English by four native and eight nonnative talkers.

A continuous fluorescence assay for the characterization of Nudix hydrolases.

The common substrate structure for the functionally diverse Nudix protein superfamily is nucleotide-diphosphate-X, where X is a large variety of leaving groups. The substrate specificity is known for less than 1% of the 29,400 known members. Most activities result in the release of an inorganic phosphate ion or of a product bearing a terminal phosphate moiety.