Optimizing Newborn Outcomes in Cesarean Sections: A Comparative Analysis of Stress Indicators under General and Spinal Anesthesia.

Background And Objectives: The moment of birth represents a complex physiological process that is followed by adaptive changes in the vital systems of the newborn. Such reactions have their positive but also negative effects. The aim of this research was to determine the difference in laboratory values of stress indicators in newborn children delivered by cesarean section (CS) with general and spinal anesthesia.

Platelet indices in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a simple glucoregulation monitoring tool.

Introduction: Long-term hyperglycemia can lead to changes in the function and morphology of platelets.

Objective: This study aimed to test the potential glucoregulation monitoring properties of platelet indices, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: The study included 453 patients below the age of 18 with T1DM treated at the Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina.

Clinical Hematochemical Parameters in Differential Diagnosis between Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus Infection: An Automated Machine Learning Approach.

Background: The influenza virus and the novel beta coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have similar transmission characteristics, and it is very difficult to distinguish them clinically. With the development of information technologies, novel opportunities have arisen for the application of intelligent software systems in disease diagnosis and patient triage.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 268 infants: 133 infants with a SARS-CoV-2 infection and 135 infants with an influenza virus infection.

Hemogram-based decision tree models for discriminating COVID-19 from RSV in infants.

Objective: Decision trees are efficient and reliable decision-making algorithms, and medicine has reached its peak of interest in these methods during the current pandemic. Herein, we reported several decision tree algorithms for a rapid discrimination between coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 77 infants: 33 infants with novel betacoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection and 44 infants with RSV infection.

Could platelet indices have diagnostic properties in children with COVID-19?

Introduction: Viral infections are often accompanied by reactive thrombocytosis, that is, increased activity of platelets, which is especially common in infants and children.

Objective: This study aimed to test the diagnostic properties of platelet indices, plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), in children with beta corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Methods: The study included 232 patients below the age of 18 admitted to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) isolation wards at the Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina.

Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Characteristics of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children and Adolescents during the First Two Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vojvodina.

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes globally, which has also affected patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to determine the incidence of T1DM and the characteristics of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during the pandemic comparing it to pre-pandemic period. Materials and Methods: Data from patients <19 years with newly diagnosed T1DM between 1st January 2017 and 31st December 2021 from four regional centers in Vojvodina were retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Comparison of the Standard vs. Thoracoscopic Extrapleural Modification of the Nuss Procedure-Two Centers' Experiences.

Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital anterior chest wall deformity, with an incidence of 1:400 to 1:1000. Surgical strategy has evolved with the revolutionary idea of Donald Nuss, who was a pioneer in the operative correction of this deformity using minimally invasive surgery. The aim of this paper is to compare the preliminary results of pectus excavatum repair in two University Centers with a moderate number of patients using the standard Nuss procedure and its modification, the extrapleural thoracoscopic approach.

Predictive Value of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width, Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width in Children with Acute Appendicitis.

Background And Objectives: Acute appendicitis in pediatric patients is one of the most common surgical emergencies, but the early diagnosis still remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), Mean platelet volume (MPV) and Platelet distribution width (PDW) in children with acute appendicitis.

Materials And Methods: This study was a retrospective assessment of laboratory findings (RDW, MPV, PDW) of patients who underwent surgical treatment for acute appendicitis from January 2019 to December 2020.

Laparoscopic-Endoscopic "Rendezvous" Procedure in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Surgery-Case Series.

Laparoscopic-endoscopic "rendezvous" procedures were introduced in surgery for common bile duct stone treatment but are now widely used in other fields of abdominal surgery. An endoscopist navigates a surgeon during the same operative procedure and, thus, enables a better visualization of the location, resection margins, bleeding control, less thermal damage, etc. Here, we present case series of 11 patients that were treated using a "rendezvous" procedure for gastrointestinal lesions on different parts of the gastrointestinal tract such as juvenile polyps on the colon (transversum, ascendens, cecum, sigma), leiomyomatosis of the stomach, Peutz-Jeghers intestinal polyposis, hyperplastic gastric polyp, ectopic pancreatic tissue in the stomach, gastric trichobezoar, and gastric schwannoma.

Corrigendum to "Impalpable Testis: Evaluation of Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures and Our Treatment Protocol".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/3143412.].

Impalpable Testis: Evaluation of Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures and Our Treatment Protocol.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to present our treatment protocol for impalpable testis.

Material And Methods: In a retrospective study we analyzed clinical data including diagnostic procedures, intraoperative findings, final diagnosis, treatment modality, and outcome of patients with impalpable testis who underwent surgery from January 2010 until December 2015.

Results: Ninety-one patients were admitted under the diagnosis of impalpable testis.

Peritoneal Dialysis in Very Low Birth Weight Neonates.

Background: The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates with acute kidney injury (AKI) treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: This retrospective study included 10 VLBW neonates treated with PD. Intravenous (IV) cannula and umbilical venous catheter were used for the peritoneal access.

Study of cell differentiation by phylogenetic analysis using histone modification data.

Background: In cell differentiation, a cell of a less specialized type becomes one of a more specialized type, even though all cells have the same genome. Transcription factors and epigenetic marks like histone modifications can play a significant role in the differentiation process.

Results: In this paper, we present a simple analysis of cell types and differentiation paths using phylogenetic inference based on ChIP-Seq histone modification data.

[Minimal invasive surgical correction of pectus excavatum deformities in adolescents: our institutional experience].

Introduction: Nuss procedure is a minimal invasive surgical technique based on retrosternal placement of a metal plate to correct pectus excavatum chest deformity. We are presenting our five-year (2006-2011) institutional experience of 21 patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine characteristics and advantages of minimal invasive surgical approach in correcting deformities of the chest.

[Prepuce in boys and adolescents: what when, and how?].

Introduction: The prepuce envelops the glans as a variant of a mucocutaneous tissue presenting with a lot offunctions, the most important of them being to protect the infant's glans from feces and ammonia in diapers, to protect the glans from abrasions and trauma throughout life, and to provide sufficient skin in erection. Circumcision was recognized as a method of solving foreskin problems a long time before Christ. Practicing male circumcision in history was customary several thousand years ago and has spread worldwide.

Surgical treatment of neonatal ovarian cysts.

Medical experts are still at issue over the most suitable management of simple neonatal ovarian cysts exceeding 40mm and complex cysts of any size. The authors present surgical treatment of these cysts by classical laparotomy and laparoscopy. The study included 13 newborn babies surgically treated for 6 simple and 7 complex ovarian cysts.

[Ultrasound-guided water enema for reduction of childhood intussusception].

Introduction: Intussusception is a common abdominal emergency in infants and children. Ultrasonography and barium enema are very useful in diagnosis and treatment of this condition. The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of ultrasound-guided saline enema for intussusception and to determine if some factors may improve the outcome of this technique.

Esophageal atresia and situs inversus--an unusual association of abnormalities--a case report.

We present a case report of a neonate with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. In the 31st week of gestation, maternal polyhydramnions was observed by prenatal ultrasonography. Postnatal insertion of an orogastric tube into the stomach was unsuccessful.

[Constipation--a common problem in childhood].

Introduction: Constipation in children is defined as the infrequent and difficult passage of hard stool, not necessarily associated with in-frequent stools. All healthy newborns have their first stool within the first 24 to 48 hours after birth. Intestinal transit time increases with age, therapy decreasing the frequency of stooling.

Associated congenital anomalies: vestibular fistula, duodenal atresia and obstructive refluxing megaureter.

Congenital gastrointestinal anomalies include spectrum of malformations, simple ones as well as complex, which are associated with anomalies of other organs and systems of organs. Most infants (50-60%) with imperlbrate anus also have genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and vertebral anomalies. This case report is of a female newborn with prenatally diagnosed duodenal atresia and right hydronephrosis.