Publications by authors named "Anthony Wilson"

Background: Timely distribution of research is crucial for improving treatments and patient care; however, the publication process is historically unhurried. The primary goal of this study was to analyze the time to publication in hand surgery for 5 years and to examine potential factors affecting publication speed.

Methods: A 5-year review (2017-2021) was performed on 4 major hand surgery journals.

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Shiga-toxin producing (STEC) O157 is a food-borne pathogen which causes gastrointestinal illness in humans. Ruminants are considered the main reservoir of infection, and STEC exceedance has been associated with heavy rainfall. In September 2022, a large outbreak of STEC O157:H7 was identified in the United Kingdom (UK).

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Background: Pregnancy acts as a cardiovascular stress test. Although many complications resolve following birth, women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) long-term. Monitoring postnatal health can reduce this risk but requires better methods to identity high-risk women for timely interventions.

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  • The study examines how varying drug levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis can affect the effectiveness of adalimumab and etanercept biosimilars and whether dosing schedules can be adjusted for better results.! -
  • Researchers used population pharmacokinetic (popPK) modeling and simulation to analyze drug concentrations in patients and found that dosing intervals could potentially be modified to reach therapeutic drug levels more quickly.! -
  • Simulation results suggested that administering the etanercept biosimilar every 10 days could achieve steady-state drug concentrations faster than the standard 7-day interval, paving the way for personalized dosing strategies that could improve treatment efficacy and reduce costs.!
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Objectives Background: To externally validate clinical prediction models that aim to predict progression to invasive ventilation or death on the ICU in patients admitted with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonitis.

Design: Single-center retrospective external validation study.

Data Sources: Routinely collected healthcare data in the ICU electronic patient record.

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  • - Upadacitinib (UPA) is a JAK inhibitor effective for moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis, showing a good safety profile in clinical trials that analyzed laboratory parameter changes.
  • - The study pooled data from six trials involving over 3200 patients, revealing changes in blood counts and liver enzymes, with most adverse events, like anemia and neutropenia, occurring at similar rates compared to other treatments.
  • - Overall findings indicate that UPA has long-term safety and efficacy, with very few patients discontinuing treatment due to lab-related issues.
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  • This study investigates the effects of administering room temperature versus body temperature 20% albumin fluid bolus therapy (FBT) on temperature and blood flow in ventilated post-cardiac surgery patients in an Australian ICU.
  • It involved 60 patients and tracked changes in cardiac index (CI) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) over 30 minutes after FBT.
  • Results showed that body temperature albumin prevents a drop in blood temperature and leads to a higher mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), but both fluid temperatures produced similar effects on CI and MAP, indicating fluid temperature has limited overall haemodynamic impact.
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Objectives: Distal femoral fractures are a significant injury sustained by low- and high-energy trauma. Common treatment practices are lateral locking plate or intramedullary nail fixation, with disadvantages including risk of non and malunion and limited post-operative weightbearing status. Combining both techniques as a nail-plate construct (NPC) theoretically achieves enhanced fixation to allow immediate weightbearing.

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Introduction: Few studies have described obstetric and critical care outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 needing intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Material And Methods: Obstetric and critical care outcomes of COVID-19 women admitted to eight ICUs from April 1, 2020 to September 15, 2021, in the North West of England were retrospectively analyzed. Women admitted to ICU were assigned to three groups: antepartum women discharged from ICU prior to delivery (antepartum ICU-discharged group), antepartum women who had expedited delivery (antepartum ICU-delivered group) and a postpartum group.

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Objectives: Biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) are widely used in patients with RA, but response to bDMARDs is heterogeneous. The objective of this work was to identify pretreatment proteomic biomarkers associated with RA clinical outcome measures in patients starting bDMARDs.

Methods: Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) was used to generate spectral maps of sera from patients with RA before and after 3 months of treatment with the bDMARD etanercept.

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Objectives: To determine the influence of HLA-B27 positivity on risk of developing chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO).

Methods: HLA-B*27 genotype was assessed in 3 European CNO populations and compared with local control populations (572 cases, 33,256 controls). Regional or whole-body MRI was performed at diagnosis and follow-up in all cases which reduces the risk of disease misclassification.

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Introduction: Although there are gold-standard diagnostic guidelines and effective treatments to slow the disease progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), approximately 40% of patients still do not respond adequately to their initial treatment. The identification of specific and sensitive biomarkers for early and accurate diagnosis and response to treatment is a clinical priority and could reduce the time to effective therapy to mitigate the severity of tissue damage. Emerging studies show that epigenetic biomarkers play a role in RA-related pathways and are worthy targets that warrant further characterization.

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  • A recent large randomized trial compared low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) to conventional tidal volume ventilation (CTVV) during major surgeries, finding no difference in postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) overall, but a trend towards fewer complications with LTVV in laparoscopic surgeries.
  • A post-hoc analysis focused on laparoscopic patients revealed that out of 328 patients, those receiving LTVV had a lower incidence of PPCs (33.1%) compared to those on CTVV (42.6%), with results becoming statistically significant after adjusting for confounders.
  • The study concluded that LTVV is associated with significantly fewer PPCs during laparoscopic surgeries when positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP
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  • The study explores calprotectin (MRP8/14) as a potential biomarker for gauging treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients beginning therapy with TNF inhibitors like adalimumab or etanercept.
  • Researchers analyzed serum levels of MRP8/14 in 470 RA patients and assessed their treatment responses using various EULAR response criteria.
  • The findings suggest that while higher pre-treatment MRP8/14 levels correlate with better treatment responses in some analysis models, it doesn't provide significant additional predictive value over C-reactive protein (CRP) alone.
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Prolactin (PRL) is a multifunctional hormone of broad physiological importance, and is involved in many aspects of fish reproduction, including the regulation of live birth (viviparity) and both male and female parental care. Previous research suggests that PRL also plays an important reproductive role in syngnathid fishes (seahorses, pipefish and seadragons), a group with a highly derived reproductive strategy, male pregnancy - how the PRL axis has come to be co-opted for male pregnancy remains unclear. We investigated the molecular evolution and expression of the genes for prolactin and its receptor (PRLR) in an evolutionarily diverse sampling of syngnathid fishes to explore how the co-option of PRL for male pregnancy has impacted its evolution, and to clarify whether the PRL axis is also involved in regulating reproductive function in species with more rudimentary forms of male pregnancy.

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BackgroundAssessing circadian rhythmicity from infrequently sampled data is challenging; however, these types of data are often encountered when measuring circadian transcripts in hospitalized patients.MethodsWe present ClinCirc. This method combines 2 existing mathematical methods (Lomb-Scargle periodogram and cosinor) sequentially and is designed to measure circadian oscillations from infrequently sampled clinical data.

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  • The study investigates the link between serum drug levels (SDLs) of TNF-α inhibitors (adalimumab and certolizumab) and treatment responses in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), focusing specifically on those who adhere strictly to their medication.
  • Results show that patients who consistently adhered to their treatment had significantly higher SDLs than those who didn’t, with specific cut-offs established for good treatment response: 7.5 mg/l for adalimumab and 26.0 mg/l for certolizumab.
  • The findings suggest that enhancing adherence and monitoring SDLs could improve treatment outcomes, making these cut-off levels valuable for clinical practice.
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Objective: To evaluate the degree of symmetry of knee osteoarthritis (OA) structural severity and progression of participants with a mean follow-up time of 3.8 years.

Design: Participants from the Genetics of Generalized Osteoarthritis (GOGO) study (n = 705) were selected on the basis of radiographic evidence of OA in at least 1 knee, availability of radiographs at baseline and follow-up, and no history of prior knee injury or surgery.

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With the current expansion of vector-based research and an increasing number of facilities rearing arthropod vectors and infecting them with pathogens, common measures for containment of arthropods as well as manipulation of pathogens are becoming essential for the design and running of such research facilities to ensure safe work and reproducibility, without compromising experimental feasibility. These guidelines and comments were written by experts of the Infravec2 consortium, a Horizon 2020-funded consortium integrating the most sophisticated European infrastructures for research on arthropod vectors of human and animal diseases. They reflect current good practice across European laboratories with experience of safely handling different mosquito species and the pathogens they transmit.

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Background: Low tidal volume (V) ventilation and its associated increase in arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO) may affect postoperative neurologic function. We aimed to test the hypothesis that intraoperative low V ventilation affect the incidence of postoperative ICD-10 coded delirium and/or the need for antipsychotic medications.

Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of a large randomized controlled trial evaluating low vs.

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