Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D Synthase Is a Novel Phytocannabinoid-Binding Protein.

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS; EC:5.3.99.

High throughput discovery of families of high activity WGS catalysts: part I--history and methodology.

State-of-art water gas shift catalysts (FeCr for high temperature shift and CuZn for low temperature shift) are not active enough to be used in fuel processors for the production of hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels for fuel cells. The need for drastically lower catalyst volumes has triggered a search for novel WGS catalysts that are an order of magnitude more active than current systems. Novel catalytic materials for the high, medium and low temperature water gas shift reactions have been discovered by application of combinatorial methodologies.

The global increase in dental caries. A pending public health crisis.

A current review of the available epidemiological data from many countries clearly indicates that there is a marked increase in the prevalence of dental caries. This global increase in dental caries prevalence affects children as well as adults, primary as well as permanent teeth, and coronal as well as root surfaces. This increase in dental caries signals a pending public health crisis.

Clinical investigation of the anticaries efficacy of a 1.14% sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP) calcium carbonate-based dentifrice: a two-year caries clinical trial on children in China.

Objective: The objective of this two-year comparative investigation was to assess the anticaries efficacy of three dentifrices commercially available in China. Two products contained the stated active agent sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP) at a concentration of 1.14%; one was calcium carbonate-based, the second was silica-based.

Clinical effectiveness of a dentifrice containing triclosan and a copolymer for controlling breath odor.

Purpose: To investigate in a double-blind clinical study the effectiveness of a dentifrice containing triclosan and a copolymer (Colgate Total Toothpaste) for controlling breath odor 12 hours after brushing the teeth.

Methods: A panel of four expert judges using a nine-point hedonic scale evaluated breath odor. Following a baseline evaluation of breath odor, prospective study subjects who presented breath odor scores above the threshold value for unpleasant breath odor were stratified by score, and randomized into two treatment groups.

Discovery of novel catalytic materials for emissions control using high throughput scanning mass spectrometry.

High-throughput approaches were applied to the discovery of more efficient catalysts for various applications in emissions control. The screening approach was based on a hierarchy of qualitative or semi-quantitative primary screens for discovery of hits and quantitative secondary screens for confirmation and scale-up of leads. In this work, primary screening was carried out by fast scanning mass spectrometry (SMS) for NO(x) abatement, low temperature CO oxidation, VOC removal, CO(x) methanation and the water gas shift (WGS) reaction.

High throughput screening of low temperature CO oxidation catalysts using IR thermography.

The catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide is an important process used in several areas such as respiratory protection, industrial air purification, automotive emissions control, CO clean-up of flue gases and fuel cells. Research in this area has mainly focused on the improvement of catalytic activity at low temperatures. Numerous catalyst systems have been proposed, including those based on Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Au, Ag, and Cu, supported on refractory or reducible carriers or dispersed in perovskites.

Advanced oral antibacterial/anti-inflammatory technology: A comprehensive review of the clinical benefits of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice.

Introduction: Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, marketed for use in oral products. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. PVM/MA is the non-proprietary designation for a polyvinylmethyl ether maleic acid copolymer.

Cobalt-catalyzed dimerization of alpha-olefins to give linear alpha-olefin products.

[Cp*P(OMe)3CoCH2CH3]+ [BarF]-, generated by the addition of HBArF to Cp*P(OMe)3Co(ethene), catalyzes the oligomerization of 1-hexene to give dimers and trimers. When a deficit of the acid is used, linear alpha-olefin dimers are produced at the expense of trimeric products: e.g.

Is there anything left for the next generation of leaders?

Dean Arthur A. Dugoni is celebrated as the "dean of deans" or American dental schools. His service as a practitioner, rich network of relationships, recognition of emerging opportunities, respectful treatment of all, and ability to make people care and promote loyalty are identified.

A clinical comparison of the gingivitis reduction and plaque-removal efficacy of a new manual toothbrush.

The objective of this controlled, examiner-blind, 4-week clinical study was to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of a newly designed manual toothbrush (Colgate 360 degrees toothbrush) to the Oral-B CrossAction toothbrush for the control of supragingival plaque and gingivitis. A total of 80 subjects from the central New Jersey area reported to the clinical facility for a baseline plaque and gingivitis examination after having refrained from all oral hygiene procedures for 12 hours and from eating, drinking, or smoking for 4 hours. The population was comprised of healthy adult men and women 18 to 67 years of age.

Comparison of the clinical efficacy of a new manual toothbrush on gingivitis reduction and plaque removal.

The objective of this controlled, examiner blind, 4-week clinical study was to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of a newly designed manual toothbrush, the Colgate 360 degrees toothbrush, to the Oral-B Indicator toothbrush for the control of supragingival plaque and gingivitis. A total of 82 subjects from the northern New Jersey area reported to the clinical facility for a baseline plaque and gingivitis examination after having refrained from all oral hygiene procedures for 12 hours and from eating, drinking, or smoking for 4 hours. The population was comprised of healthy adult men and women 30 to 68 years of age.

Productive chloroarene C-cl bond activation: palladium/phosphine-catalyzed methods for oxidation of alcohols and hydrodechlorination of chloroarenes.

The palladium/phosphine-catalyzed productive chloroarene C-Cl bond activation provides general, efficient, and functional group friendly methods for the selective oxidation of alcohols and the hydrodechlorination of chloroarenes.

The scientific rationale and development of an optimized dentifrice for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.

Purpose: To describe the development of a new dentin hypersensitivity treatment, Colgate Sensitive Maximum Strength dentifrice, containing 5% potassium nitrate as the anti-hypersensitivity active agent. The objective was to develop a home-use hypersensitivity dentifrice that would be superior to the market leader, improving on what is available, which also contains 5% potassium nitrate as the anti-hypersensitivity active agent.

Methods: In vivo (clinicals, taste evaluation and rat caries), in vitro (potassium flux) and analytical (rheology, dispensed volume, scanning electron microscopy, electron scanning chemical analysis and radioactive dentin abrasion) methods were performed.

Comparative tooth whitening efficacy of 18% carbamide peroxide liquid whitening gel using three different regimens.

Objective: Recently, a novel paint-on liquid whitening gel--Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel--which contains 18% carbamide peroxide, has been developed as a self-administered tooth bleaching system. The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy and safety of this product using alternate exaggerated or simplified treatment regimens.

Methodology: This was a three-week clinical trial using a parallel, double-blind, stratified protocol with three different instructions for application: 1) twice-daily, no air-drying, and 15 minutes without eating/drinking; 2) three times daily, 30-second air-drying and 30 minutes without eating/drinking; or 3) four times daily, 30-second air-drying and 30 minutes without eating/drinking.

Comparative investigation of the desensitizing efficacy of a new dentifrice containing 5.5% potassium citrate: an eight-week clinical study.

Objective: This double-blind clinical study was designed to investigate the relative effectiveness of a new desensitizing test dentifrice containing 5.5% potassium citrate, 1.14% sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) and 10% high-cleaning silica (HCS) in a silica base for reducing dentinal hypersensitivity over an eight-week period, to that of a commercially available desensitizing positive control dentifrice containing 3.

Clinical effectiveness of a triclosan/copolymer/sodium-fluoride dentifrice in controlling oral malodor: a three-week clinical trial.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a commercially available, clinically proven, American Dental Association (ADA)-Accepted dentifrice containing 0.30% triclosan, 2% polyvinylmethylether/maleic acid (PVM/MA) copolymer, and 0.243% sodium fluoride in a 10% high-cleaning silica base (Colgate Total Advanced Fresh) to a commercially available, clinically proven, ADA-Accepted control dentifrice containing 0.

A clinical investigation of the efficacy of a tooth-whitening gel.

The objective of this randomized, controlled, examiner-blind, parallel-group clinical study was to determine whether a tooth-whitening gel (Colgate Simply White Night Clear Whitening Gel) can significantly lighten teeth when used once daily at night, as compared with a commercially available dentifrice. Following a baseline tooth shade evaluation using the VITA Shade Guide, qualifying adult male and female subjects from the Buffalo, New York area were randomized into 2 treatment groups, which were balanced for baseline VITA Shade Guide scores, gender, and age. The treatment groups were: (1) a commercially available dentifrice only; and (2) a tooth-whitening gel in addition to a commercially available dentifrice.

Comparative clinical investigation of the tooth whitening efficacy of two tooth whitening gels.

Objective: The objective of this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group clinical study was to compare the tooth whitening efficacy of two tooth whitening gel products--Colgate Simply White Night Clear Whitening Gel containing either 25% carbamide peroxide, or 8.7% hydrogen peroxide--when used once daily at night.

Methodology: Following a baseline tooth shade evaluation using the Vita Shade Guide, qualifying adult male and female subjects from the Central New Jersey area were randomized into two treatment groups, which were balanced for baseline Vita Shade Guide scores, gender and age.

High-throughput approaches to catalyst discovery.

High-throughput synthesis and screening approaches to catalyst discovery and optimization are systematically changing the way in which catalyst research is conducted. Increased rates of innovation, cost effectiveness, improved intellectual property, reduced time to market and an improved probability of success are some of the attractive features that demand consideration. Advances made over the past few years reveal that any initial skepticism is waning, and high-throughput approaches to catalyst discovery are now being implemented broadly in industrial and academic laboratories.

Efficacy of a novel, nontray, paint-on 18% carbamide peroxide whitening gel.

A double-blind, 3-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the tooth-whitening efficacy of a novel nontray, "paint-on" liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide (Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel). Efficacy was based on measured Vita tooth-shade scores collected at baseline and after 2 and 3 weeks of product use. Eighty healthy volunteers were balanced into 2 groups based on gender, age, and shade scores (A3 or higher).

Clinical comparison of the stain-removal efficacy of a novel liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide and a commercially available whitening dentifrice.

The objective of this examiner-blind clinical study was to compare the extrinsic tooth-stain removal efficacy of a novel, nontray, "paint-on" liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide (Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel) with a commercially available whitening dentifrice. After a baseline examination for extrinsic tooth stain, qualifying adult men and women from Canada were randomized into two treatment groups balanced for age, gender, and level of extrinsic tooth stain. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute with their assigned dentifrice (Group 1: nonwhitening dentifrice; Group 2: whitening dentifrice).

Comparative 3-week clinical tooth-shade evaluation of a novel liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide and a commercially available whitening dentifrice.

A randomized, controlled, examiner-blind, parallel-group clinical trial was performed to compare the tooth-whitening benefits of a novel, nontray, "paint-on" liquid gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide (Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel) to those of a commercially available whitening dentifrice. Efficacy was measured by using Vita shade scores obtained at baseline and after 2 and 3 weeks of product use. Eighty subjects were first balanced according to gender, age, and shade scores into two groups.