Evaluation of deprescribing services in frail patients: a systematic review.

Background: Deprescribing, a process of dose reduction or withdrawal of inappropriate medication that no longer has benefit, is a proposed intervention in the care of older adults living with frailty.

Objective/aim: To evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and clinical impact of deprescribing services in frail patients.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in November 2023 using Scopus, CINAHL PLUS (EBSCO), MEDLINE (OVID and EMBASE), and Cochrane Library.

Drug utilisation study in hospitalised chronic kidney disease patients, using World Health Organisation prescribing indicators: an observational study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with comorbidities and altered pharmacokinetics, making appropriate prescribing, and monitoring necessary to minimise drug-related problems (DRPs). Therefore, this study aimed to describe the drug-utilisation pattern in hospitalised CKD patients.

Methods: An observational study was conducted in hospitalised adult (≥18 years old) CKD patients in the UK using WHO prescribing indicators, from November 2021 to April 2022 in a large teaching hospital in England from admission until discharge.

Patients' Identification, Management and Prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Patients with Severe Adverse Drug Reactions.

Few studies have been conducted on how patients identify, manage, and prevent severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study aimed to explore the reasoning that patients use to identify symptoms of severe ADRs and the methods they employ to manage and prevent them. A cross-sectional survey using structured telephone interviews was administered to patients with a self-assessed severe ADR and to patients with serious skin ADRs from a hospital medical record database (in-patient and out-patient) from 1 September 2016 to 1 September 2019.

Herpes Zoster Chorioretinopathy: A Case Series.

Purpose: To report two patients with herpetic zoster panuveitis and chorioretinopathy with choroidal hypopigmentation.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of two patients.

Results: We report a series of two patients with a history of HZO with orbital inflammation and panuveitis, who developed patchy choroidal depigmentation consistent with a choroidopathy.

Preventable deaths involving opioids in England and Wales, 2013-2022: a systematic case series of coroners' reports.

Background: Opioid deaths have increased in England and Wales. Coroners' Prevention of Future Deaths reports (PFDs) provide important insights that may enable safer use and avert harms, yet reports implicating opioids have not been synthesized. We aimed to identify opioid-related PFDs and explore coroners' concerns to prevent future deaths.

Recognition of Coroners' Concerns to Prevent Future Deaths from Medicines: A Systematic Review.

Background: Coroners, who hold inquests to determine the causes of unnatural deaths in England and Wales, having recognised factors that could cause other deaths, are legally obliged to signal concerns by sending 'Reports to Prevent Future Deaths' (PFDs) to interested persons. We aimed to establish whether Coroners' concerns about medications are widely recognised.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science up to 30 November, 2022 for publications linking PFDs and medications using a combination of search terms "coroner*", "inquest*", "medicine*", "medication*" and "prevent*".

Fixed High Energy Versus Standard Titrated Energy Settings for Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty.

Prcis: Fixed high-energy selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is associated with a greater reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) compared with the standard titrated approach at up to 36 months postprocedure.

Purpose: There is no consensus on ideal SLT procedural laser energy settings. This study aims to compare fixed high-energy SLT to the standard titrated-energy approach within the setting of a residency training program.

Giant Retinal Pigment Epithelium Tear Resulting in Neurosensory Retinal Detachment: An Atypical Case.

Purpose: We report a rare case of neurosensory retinal detachment (RD) in the setting of a giant retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear.

Methods: A 58-year-old man presented with a macula-involving RD in the left eye. Exam revealed a neurosensory detachment inferiorly and RPE abnormalities temporally.

Severity and Management of Adverse Drug Reactions Reported by Patients and Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) severity levels are mainly rated by healthcare professionals (HCPs), but patient ratings are limited. This study aimed to compare patient-rated and pharmacist-rated ADR severity levels and determined methods employed for ADR management and prevention by patients and HCPs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in outpatients visiting two hospitals.

Preventable Deaths Involving Medicines: A Systematic Case Series of Coroners' Reports 2013-22.

Introduction: Medicines cause over 1700 preventable deaths annually in England. Coroners' Prevention of Future Death reports (PFDs) are produced in response to preventable deaths to facilitate change. The information in PFDs may help reduce medicine-related preventable deaths.

Exploring Healthcare Professionals' Practices and Attitudes towards Monitoring and Reporting of Severe Adverse Drug Reactions.

Healthcare professionals (HCPs) play a key role in the monitoring of severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The present study aims to explore practices and barriers of HCPs in severe ADR monitoring and reporting, to evaluate their attitudes towards the monitoring and to assess the related factors. Self-administered questionnaires produced in hard copy and Google form were sent to 510 HCPs by stratified random sampling.

Identifying and managing adverse drug reactions: Qualitative analysis of patient reports to the UK yellow card scheme.

Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can have significant negative impact on peoples' daily lives, with physical, economic, social and/or psychological effects. Patient reporting of ADRs has been facilitated by pharmacovigilance systems across Europe. However, capturing data on patients' experiences of ADRs has proved challenging.

Drug-Related Problems in Hospitalised Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the leading causes of mortality. Impaired renal function makes CKD patients vulnerable to drug-related problems (DRPs).

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the prevalence and nature of DRPs among hospital in-patients with CKD.

Identification of different side effects between PARP inhibitors and their polypharmacological multi-target rationale.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the differences and potential mechanistic rationale for observed adverse drug reactions (ADRs) between four approved PARP inhibitors (PARPi).

Methods: The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Authority (MHRA) Yellow Card drug analysis profiles and NHS secondary care medicines database enabled the identification of suspected ADRs associated with the PARPi in the UK from launch to 2020. The polypharmacology of the PARPi were data-mined from several public data sources.

The Association Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cotton-Wool Spots in Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: This work reports the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cotton-wool spots (CWS) seen in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: A random sample of patients diagnosed with DR between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018, were selected from medical-billing codes. Dilated funduscopic examination findings and medical history were analyzed by reviewing medical records.

A qualitative study of prescribing errors among multi-professional prescribers within an e-prescribing system.

Background Computerised Physician Order Entry (CPOE) is considered to enhance the safety of prescribing. However, it can have unintended consequences and new forms of prescribing error have been reported. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the causes and contributing factors associated with prescribing errors reported by multidisciplinary prescribers working within a CPOE system.

Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in recreational runners participating in Parkrun UK: Prevalence of use and awareness of risk.

Objective: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in endurance running and by elite athletes. We examined the pattern of use of NSAIDs, the purpose of use and knowledge of the adverse effects of NSAID use in a population of recreational runners at Parkrun UK.

Methods: An online observational non-interventional cross-sectional survey of Parkrun UK participants being over the age of 18, on Parkrun UK's mailing list, and residing in the UK.

Assessment of Corneal Haze After PRK and the Effect of Sutureless Amniotic Membrane Graft by Corneal Densitometry.

Purpose: To assess whether densitometry analysis appropriately monitors the development of haze in myopic patients after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) when compared to subjective slit-lamp haze grade examinations, and whether sutureless cryo-preserved amniotic membrane reduced postoperative haze development when compared to the standard bandage contact lens.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort at the Center for Refractive Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data was performed. In the prospective study, participants underwent PRK for myopia.

Use of information sources regarding medicine side effects among the general population: a cross-sectional survey.

Aim: To determine the use and perceived value of different information sources that patients may use to support identification of medicine side effects; to explore associations between coping styles and use of information sources.

Background: Side effects from medicines can have considerable negative impact on peoples' daily lives. As a result of an ageing UK population and attendant multi-morbidity, an increasing number of medicines are being prescribed for patients, leading to increased risk of unintended side effects.

Making medicines safer: analysis of patient reports to the UK's Yellow Card Scheme.

: No studies describing UK patient Yellow Card reports have been published since the evaluation of the first two years of direct patient reporting (2005-7), when 5,180 reports were analyzed.: Patient Yellow Card reports submitted July-December 2015 for vaccines and other drugs were analyzed. Comparisons to the initial evaluation were made of: reporting method, number of suspect drugs, proportion classed as serious.