Data-Driven Cutoff Selection for the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Depression Screening Tool.

Importance: Test accuracy studies often use small datasets to simultaneously select an optimal cutoff score that maximizes test accuracy and generate accuracy estimates.

Objective: To evaluate the degree to which using data-driven methods to simultaneously select an optimal Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) cutoff score and estimate accuracy yields (1) optimal cutoff scores that differ from the population-level optimal cutoff score and (2) biased accuracy estimates.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study used cross-sectional data from an existing individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA) database on PHQ-9 screening accuracy to represent a hypothetical population.

Inclusivity: Educational Experiences of Registered Nurses With Physical Disabilities.

Aim: The aim of the study was to describe registered nurses' prelicensure educational experience as nursing students with physical disabilities.

Background: Social and academic support help establish connections with the educational environment, but efforts to engage students with disabilities are inconsistent. Faculty support beyond required accommodations facilitates a sense of empowerment.

Incorporating Music Therapy With Acupuncture in Managing Cancer Pain at an Acupuncture Practice.

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine encompasses various nonpharmacologic interventions for managing pain, such as acupuncture and music therapy. Few studies have combined these two interventions in the management of cancer-related pain.

Objectives: The purpose of this evidence-based project was to compare acupuncture-only therapy versus dual therapy (acupuncture and music therapy) on pain intensity scores in patients with cancer.

Characterization and assessment of lung and bone marrow derived endothelial cells and their bone regenerative potential.

Angiogenesis is important for successful fracture repair. Aging negatively affects the number and activity of endothelial cells (ECs) and subsequently leads to impaired bone healing. We previously showed that implantation of lung-derived endothelial cells (LECs) improved fracture healing in rats.

Gender and Geographic Origin as Determinants of Manuscript Publication Outcomes: JBMR® Bibliometric Analysis from 2017 to 2019.

The Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (JBMR®), the flagship journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR), enjoys a premiere position in its field and has a global reach. The journal uses a single-blind peer-review process whereby three editors are typically involved in assessing each submission for publication, in addition to external reviewers. Although emphasizing fairness, rigor, and transparency, this process is not immune to the influence of unconscious biases.

Validation of the modified radiographic union score for tibia fractures (mRUST) in murine femoral fractures.

Bony union is a primary predictor of outcome after surgical fixation of long bone fractures. Murine models offer many advantages in assessing bony healing due to their low costs and small size. However, current fracture recovery investigations in mice frequently rely on animal sacrifice and costly analyses.

Methodology, selection, and integration of fracture healing assessments in mice.

Long bone fractures are one of the most common and costly medical conditions encountered after trauma. Characterization of the biology of fracture healing and development of potential medical interventions generally involves animal models of fracture healing using varying genetic or treatment groups, then analyzing relative repair success via the synthesis of diverse assessment methodologies. Murine models are some of the most widely used given their low cost, wide variety of genetic variants, and rapid breeding and maturation.

Insights to Identifying and Managing Pain in Persons With Dementia in Long-Term Care: A Mixed Methods Study Comparing the Abbey Pain Scale and Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia Scale.

Pain is usually identified by specific behaviors driven by the need for relief; however, persons with dementia present a unique challenge for nurses in assessing and managing pain. The aim of this mixed methods study was to explore the relationship between two observational pain scales, expressed need-driven behaviors, and likelihood of medication administration for persons with dementia. The qualitative strand examined nurses' perceptions regarding facilitators and barriers to pain scale use.

Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores do not accurately estimate depression prevalence: individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objectives: Depression symptom questionnaires are not for diagnostic classification. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores ≥10 are nonetheless often used to estimate depression prevalence. We compared PHQ-9 ≥10 prevalence to Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (SCID) major depression prevalence and assessed whether an alternative PHQ-9 cutoff could more accurately estimate prevalence.

The Accuracy of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Algorithm for Screening to Detect Major Depression: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Background: Screening for major depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) can be done using a cutoff or the PHQ-9 diagnostic algorithm. Many primary studies publish results for only one approach, and previous meta-analyses of the algorithm approach included only a subset of primary studies that collected data and could have published results.

Objective: To use an individual participant data meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of two PHQ-9 diagnostic algorithms for detecting major depression and compare accuracy between the algorithms and the standard PHQ-9 cutoff score of ≥10.

Shortening self-report mental health symptom measures through optimal test assembly methods: Development and validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-Depression-4.

Background: The objective of this study was to develop and validate a short form of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a self-report questionnaire for assessing depressive symptomatology, using objective criteria.

Methods: Responses on the PHQ-9 were obtained from 7,850 English-speaking participants enrolled in 20 primary diagnostic test accuracy studies. PHQ unidimensionality was verified using confirmatory factor analysis, and an item response theory model was fit.

Probability of major depression diagnostic classification using semi-structured versus fully structured diagnostic interviews.

Background: Different diagnostic interviews are used as reference standards for major depression classification in research. Semi-structured interviews involve clinical judgement, whereas fully structured interviews are completely scripted. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a brief fully structured interview, is also sometimes used.

Thermokarst rates intensify due to climate change and forest fragmentation in an Alaskan boreal forest lowland.

Lowland boreal forest ecosystems in Alaska are dominated by wetlands comprised of a complex mosaic of fens, collapse-scar bogs, low shrub/scrub, and forests growing on elevated ice-rich permafrost soils. Thermokarst has affected the lowlands of the Tanana Flats in central Alaska for centuries, as thawing permafrost collapses forests that transition to wetlands. Located within the discontinuous permafrost zone, this region has significantly warmed over the past half-century, and much of these carbon-rich permafrost soils are now within ~0.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression improves pain and perceived control in cardiac surgery patients.

Background: Depression after cardiac surgery (CS) is associated with increased pain and decreased sleep quality. While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) aimed at depression is effective in relieving depressive symptoms after cardiac surgery, little is known about its ability to ameliorate other common postoperative problems that affect recovery and quality of life.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of CBT for depression on pain severity, pain interference, sleep, and perceived control in patients recovering from CS.

Role of the speech-language pathologist: augmentative and alternative communication for acute care patients with severe communication impairments.

Background: Severe communication deficits occur frequently in acute care. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) may improve patient-nurse communication, yet it remains underutilized.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of training student nurses (SNs) in acute and critical care on the use of AAC with regard to confidence levels and likelihood of implementation of AAC by SNs in acute care.

A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH and CO production from anoxic soil incubations.

Permafrost thaw can alter the soil environment through changes in soil moisture, frequently resulting in soil saturation, a shift to anaerobic decomposition, and changes in the plant community. These changes, along with thawing of previously frozen organic material, can alter the form and magnitude of greenhouse gas production from permafrost ecosystems. We synthesized existing methane (CH ) and carbon dioxide (CO ) production measurements from anaerobic incubations of boreal and tundra soils from the geographic permafrost region to evaluate large-scale controls of anaerobic CO and CH production and compare the relative importance of landscape-level factors (e.

Persistent depressive symptoms and pain after cardiac surgery.

Objective: Our objectives were to describe trajectories of depressive symptoms and pain at hospital discharge and 6 weeks later and to examine the relationship of persistent depressive symptoms to pain.

Methods: Before and 6 weeks after hospital discharge, 251 patients undergoing cardiac surgery (mean [SD] age = 67.3 [9.

Cognitive behavioral therapy in depressed cardiac surgery patients: role of ejection fraction.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of ejection fraction (EF) and depressive symptoms in cardiac surgery patients assigned to nurse-guided cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or usual care (UC).

Methods: Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Seventy-seven patients (31% women; mean [SD] age, 63.

Depressed or not depressed: untangling symptoms of depression in patients hospitalized with coronary heart disease.

Background: Assessing depression in patients hospitalized with coronary heart disease is clinically challenging because depressive symptoms are often confounded by poor somatic health.

Objective: To identify symptom clusters associated with clinical depression in patients hospitalized with coronary heart disease.

Method: Secondary analyses of 3 similar data sets for hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease who had diagnostic screening for depression (99 depressed, 224 not depressed) were done.

Depression screening: utility of the patient health questionnaire in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Depression screening in cardiac patients has been recommended by the American Heart Association, but the best approach remains unclear.

Objectives: To evaluate nurse-administered versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression screening in patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome.

Methods: Staff nurses in an urban cardiac care unit administered versions 2, 9, and 10 of the questionnaire to 100 patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Recovering from cardiac surgery: what patients want you to know.

Background: Care of cardiac surgery patients has changed substantially in the past decade, with an emphasis on streamlined procedures and shortened hospital stays. The few qualitative reports of patients' perspectives of this experience focus primarily on physical complications and discomforts during the immediate postoperative period.

Objective: To examine patients' perceptions of the quality of the nursing and medical care they received during their hospital stay after cardiac surgery.