A systematic review of the outcomes of partial ulnar collateral ligament tears of the elbow in athletes treated non-operatively with platelet-rich plasma injection.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for partial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) tears in athletes and predicted positive outcomes.

Methods: The researchers systematically reviewed the PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to identify studies with clinical outcomes of PRP for partial UCL tears. They excluded studies that did not stratify data by tear type or included surgical management.

Assessment of Ulnar Carpal Translocation and Carpal Alignment After Volar Plate Fixation With Vascularized Bone Graft for Scaphoid Waist Fracture Nonunions.

Purpose: Multiple fixation methods with or without vascularized graft have been described to treat scaphoid nonunions. This study aimed to assess the incidence of carpal malalignment and the degree of ulnar carpal translocation after scaphoid volar plate fixation with pedicled vascularized bone graft in scaphoid waist nonunions with humpback deformity.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of individuals with recalcitrant scaphoid fracture nonunion treated with volar scaphoid plating and vascularized bone graft was analyzed.

Targeting a lineage-specific PI3Kɣ-Akt signaling module in acute myeloid leukemia using a heterobifunctional degrader molecule.

Dose-limiting toxicity poses a major limitation to the clinical utility of targeted cancer therapies, often arising from target engagement in nonmalignant tissues. This obstacle can be minimized by targeting cancer dependencies driven by proteins with tissue-restricted and/or tumor-restricted expression. In line with another recent report, we show here that, in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), suppression of the myeloid-restricted PIK3CG/p110γ-PIK3R5/p101 axis inhibits protein kinase B/Akt signaling and compromises AML cell fitness.

Muscle Torque-Velocity Relationships and Fatigue With Reduced Knee Joint Range of Motion in Young and Older Adults.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of knee joint range of motion (RoM) on the torque-velocity relationship and fatigue in the knee extensor muscles of 7 young (median = 26 y) and 7 older (68 y) adults. Each leg was assigned a RoM (35° or 75°) over which to perform a torque-velocity protocol (maximal isokinetic contractions, 60-300°·s-1) and a fatigue protocol (120 maximal contractions at 120°·s-1, 0.5 Hz).

The Contribution of the Distal Oblique Band to Distal Radioulnar Joint Stability.

Purpose: The distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) is supported by an array of dynamic and static stabilizers, of which the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is the most important, and the distal interosseous ligament is next in importance. The distal oblique band (DOB) is an identifiable component of the distal interosseous ligament, found in a subset of the population. Our objective was to determine the contribution of the DOB to DRUJ stability in the presence of a disrupted TFCC.

Return to Play After Hook of Hamate Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In athletes, a hook of hamate fracture is concerning in terms of time to return to sport and effect on performance upon return. This study aims to analyze the treatment of hook of hamate fractures in athletes to determine their rates of return to play, timelines of recovery, and performance level upon return to play. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to perform this analysis.

Earliest known Gondwanan bird tracks: Wonthaggi Formation (Early Cretaceous), Victoria, Australia.

The fossil record for Cretaceous birds in Australia has been limited to rare skeletal material, feathers, and two tracks, a paucity shared with other Gondwanan landmasses. Hence the recent discovery of 27 avian footprints and other traces in the Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian, 128-120 Ma) Wonthaggi Formation of Victoria, Australia amends their previous rarity there, while also confirming the earliest known presence of birds in Australia and the rest of Gondwana. The avian identity of these tracks is verified by their tridactyl forms, thin digits relative to track lengths, wide divarication angles, and sharp claws; three tracks also have hallux imprints.

Diversity of mitochondrial DNA in 3 species of great whales before and after modern whaling.

The 20th century commercial whaling industry severely reduced populations of great whales throughout the Southern Hemisphere. The effect of this exploitation on genetic diversity and population structure remains largely undescribed. Here, we compare pre- and post-whaling diversity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences for 3 great whales in the South Atlantic, such as the blue, humpback, and fin whale.

Covalent-reversible peptide-based protease inhibitors. Design, synthesis, and clinical success stories.

Dysregulated human peptidases are implicated in a large variety of diseases such as cancer, hypertension, and neurodegeneration. Viral proteases for their part are crucial for the pathogens' maturation and assembly. Several decades of research were devoted to exploring these precious therapeutic targets, often addressing them with synthetic substrate-based inhibitors to elucidate their biological roles and develop medications.

Negative Splenic Angiography in Blunt Trauma: Does Embolization Affect Splenic Salvage?

Angioembolization in blunt splenic trauma is used to maximize splenic preservation. Superiority of prophylactic embolization over expectant management in patients with a negative splenic angiography (SA) is debated. We hypothesized that embolization in negative SA would be associated with splenic salvage.

MCB-613 exploits a collateral sensitivity in drug resistant -mutant non-small cell lung cancer through covalent inhibition of KEAP1.

Targeted therapies have revolutionized cancer chemotherapy. Unfortunately, most patients develop multifocal resistance to these drugs within a matter of months. Here, we used a high-throughput phenotypic small molecule screen to identify MCB-613 as a compound that selectively targets -mutant, EGFR inhibitor-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells harboring diverse resistance mechanisms.

Potentially Inappropriate Medications are Associated With Geriatric Trauma Recidivism.

Introduction: The American Geriatric Society has identified polypharmacy and categories of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) that should be avoided in the elderly. These medications can potentially cause an increased risk of falls and traumatic events.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on elderly patients with traumatic injuries at a Level 1 trauma center.

The Unexpected Helical Supramolecular Assembly of a Simple Achiral Acetamide Tecton Generates Selective Water Channels.

Invited for the cover of this issue is the collaborative research team coordinated by Arie van der Lee at the University of Montpellier. The image depicts chiral channels with highly mobile water molecules resulting from the robust self-organization of a simple achiral acetamide. Fully reversible release and re-uptake of water molecules takes place near ambient conditions, with efficient water transport and a good selectivity against NaCl suggesting it to be an efficient candidate for desalination processes.

External validation of a pediatric decision rule for blunt abdominal trauma.

Introduction: Blunt traumatic injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. Contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography is the best imaging tool for screening patients at risk of blunt abdominal injury. The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) abdominal rule was derived to identify patients at low risk for significant abdominal injury who do not require imaging.

Tracheostomy dislodgement: Are obese patients at increased risk?

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for tracheostomy-related complications. We aimed to investigate whether obesity was associated with a risk of unplanned tracheostomy dislodgement or decannulation (DD).

Methods: Retrospective review of patients undergoing tracheostomy at a single institution from 2013 to 2019 was performed.

Open Abdomen after Two Trauma Laparotomies: Do Diuretics Help?

Data are lacking regarding the use of diuretics in facilitating closure of the open abdomen (OA). For patients with an OA after 2 laparotomies, we hypothesized that diuretic use was associated with a higher rate of primary fascial closure than no diuretic use. A retrospective review of patients with trauma laparotomies over 7 years was performed.

Ultrasound-assisted one-pot three-component synthesis of new isoxazolines bearing sulfonamides and their evaluation against hematological malignancies.

In the present study, following a one-pot two-step protocol, we have synthesized novel sulfonamides-isoxazolines hybrids (3a-r) via a highly regioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The present methodology capitalized on trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) as a safe and ecological oxidant and chlorinating agent for the in-situ conversion of aldehydes to nitrile oxides in the presence of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, under ultrasound activation. These nitrile oxides could be engaged in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with various alkene to afford the targeted sulfonamides-isoxazolines hybrids (3a-r).

Gut microbiota mediate the FGF21 adaptive stress response to chronic dietary protein-restriction in mice.

Chronic dietary protein-restriction can create essential amino acid deficiencies and induce metabolic adaptation through the hepatic FGF21 pathway which serves to maintain host fitness during prolonged states of nutritional imbalance. Similarly, the gut microbiome undergoes metabolic adaptations when dietary nutrients are added or withdrawn. Here we confirm previous reports that dietary protein-restriction triggers the hepatic FGF21 adaptive metabolic pathway and further demonstrate that this response is mediated by the gut microbiome and can be tuned through dietary supplementation of fibers that alter the gut microbiome.

Dual Covalent Inhibition of PKM and IMPDH Targets Metabolism in Cutaneous Metastatic Melanoma.

Overcoming acquired drug resistance is a primary challenge in cancer treatment. Notably, more than 50% of patients with BRAF cutaneous metastatic melanoma (CMM) eventually develop resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Resistant cells undergo metabolic reprogramming that profoundly influences therapeutic response and promotes tumor progression.

Nanofibrous hyaluronic acid scaffolds delivering TGF-β3 and SDF-1α for articular cartilage repair in a large animal model.

Focal cartilage injuries have poor intrinsic healing potential and often progress to osteoarthritis, a costly disease affecting almost a third of adults in the United States. To treat these patients, cartilage repair therapies often use cell-seeded scaffolds, which are limited by donor site morbidity, high costs, and poor efficacy. To address these limitations, we developed an electrospun cell-free fibrous hyaluronic acid (HA) scaffold that delivers factors specifically designed to enhance cartilage repair: Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1α (SDF-1α; SDF) to increase the recruitment and infiltration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Transforming Growth Factor-β3 (TGF-β3; TGF) to enhance cartilage tissue formation.