Depression prevalence using the HADS-D compared to SCID major depression classification: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objectives: Validated diagnostic interviews are required to classify depression status and estimate prevalence of disorder, but screening tools are often used instead. We used individual participant data meta-analysis to compare prevalence based on standard Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - depression subscale (HADS-D) cutoffs of ≥8 and ≥11 versus Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID) major depression and determined if an alternative HADS-D cutoff could more accurately estimate prevalence.

Methods: We searched Medline, Medline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations via Ovid, PsycINFO, and Web of Science (inception-July 11, 2016) for studies comparing HADS-D scores to SCID major depression status.

Cognitive existential couple therapy (CECT) in men and partners facing localised prostate cancer: a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of cognitive existential couple therapy (CECT) for relationship function, coping, cancer distress and mental health in men with localised prostate cancer and in their partners.

Patients Subjects And Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted with 62 couples randomly assigned to the six-session CECT programme or care as usual. The couple's relationship function (primary outcome), and coping, cancer distress and mental health (secondary outcomes) were evaluated at T0 (baseline), T1 (after treatment) and T2 (9 months from T0).

Cognitive Existential Couple Therapy for newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients and their partners: a descriptive pilot study.

Objective: This paper aims to describe 'Cognitive Existential Couple Therapy' (CECT), a novel couples-based intervention for men with early stage prostate cancer (PCa) and their partners, and to report preliminary findings from a pilot study that investigated the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention and the measures to be used in a subsequent randomised controlled trial.

Methods: A manualised CECT programme was delivered to 12 couples facing a diagnosis of PCa within the previous 12 months by psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. Participants completed measures of psychological distress, marital function and coping pattern before and after CECT.

Predictors of psychosocial distress 12 months after diagnosis with early and advanced prostate cancer.

Objective: To assess psychosocial distress in patients with early (localised) and advanced (metastatic) prostate cancer (PCA) at diagnosis (Time 1) and 12 months later (Time 2), and identify psychosocial factors predictive of later distress.

Design, Participants And Setting: Observational, prospective study of 367 men with early (211) or advanced (156) PCA recruited as consecutive attendees at clinics at seven public hospitals and practices in metropolitan Melbourne between 1 April 2001 and 30 December 2005. Both groups completed questionnaires at Time 1 and Time 2.

Coping patterns and psychosocial distress in female partners of prostate cancer patients.

Background: With medical advances since the 1990s, a growing proportion of patients are living for many years with prostate cancer (PCA) and the consequences of its treatment.

Objective: The authors investigated the experience of being diagnosed with cancer and the effects of its treatment on patients' partners.

Method: The authors conducted an observational, longitudinal study of 103 couples facing the diagnosis of either localized (potentially curable) or metastatic (incurable) PCA at Time 1 and then 6 months later (Time 2).

The psychological aftermath of prostate cancer treatment choices: a comparison of depression, anxiety and quality of life outcomes over the 12 months following diagnosis.

Objective: To assess the psychological impact of the different treatments for localised prostate cancer (PCA).

Design, Participants And Setting: Observational, prospective study of consecutive patients with PCA attending clinics in public hospitals and private practices in metropolitan Melbourne between 1 April 2001 and 30 December 2005. Data were collected at initial diagnosis of histologically confirmed localised PCA, and close to the commencement of definitive treatment (Time 1), and 12 months later (Time 2).

Psychosocial adjustment in newly diagnosed prostate cancer.

Objective: To examine the psychological and social adjustment of men with early or advanced stage prostate cancer and to compare them with a matched group of cancer-free community volunteers.

Methods: A longitudinal observational study in which 367 men recently diagnosed with early (n=211) or advanced stage (n=156) prostate cancer were compared to 169 cancer-free men from the community, of similar age and residential area, using self-report measures of psychosocial adjustment.

Results: On the mental health subscales of the Short-Form 36-item Health Survey, men with advanced disease had lower vitality and social functioning than the other two groups, and lower mental health scores than the comparison group.

Progress in understanding grief, complicated grief, and caring for the bereaved.

Grief occurs with loss of symbolically important connections and involves intense emotional reactions and changes to our experiences of self, the world, and the future. Individual responses reflect factors such as personality and life history, social context and cultural practices, and the symbolic magnitude of the loss. Grieving can be a relatively slow and uneven process, so applying prescriptive stages or goals to individuals' experiences can be unhelpful.

Supportive-expressive group therapy for women with metastatic breast cancer: survival and psychosocial outcome from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Mixed reports exist about the impact of supportive-expressive group therapy (SEGT) on survival.

Methods: From 485 women with advanced breast cancer recruited between 1996-2002, 227 (47%) consented and were randomized within an average 10 months of cancer recurrence in a 2:1 ratio to intervention with 1 year or more of weekly SEGT plus three classes of relaxation therapy (147 women) or to control receiving three classes of relaxation therapy (80 women). The primary outcome was survival; psychosocial well-being was appraised secondarily.

Psychological adjustment of men with prostate cancer: a review of the literature.

Objective: Prostate cancer (PCA) is the most common malignancy and a major cause of death in men but, importantly, a substantial proportion will live for several years following diagnosis. However, they face the prospect of experiencing symptoms, side-effects of treatment and diminished quality of life. The patient's psychological adjustment is particularly complex, given the potential trajectory of the disease, from the point of diagnosis, with its immediate impact, to the phase of palliative care, with its attendant issue of facing mortality.

The psychosocial impact of prostate cancer on patients and their partners.

Objective: To assess the psychosocial impact of the diagnosis of either localised or metastatic prostate cancer (PCA) on patients and their female partners.

Design: Observational, prospective study at Time 1 and 6 months later at Time 2 of two groups of couples facing PCA. Time 1 was when patients were first diagnosed with histologically confirmed localised (potentially curable) PCA or metastatic (incurable) PCA.

Psychological morbidity and quality of life in women with advanced breast cancer: a cross-sectional survey.

Objective: Our purpose was to determine the frequency of psychiatric morbidity and to assess the quality of life of women with advanced breast cancer.

Methods: The 227 women in the sample were recruited in Melbourne, Australia, and were interviewed (prior to intervention) for a randomized controlled trial of supportive-expressive group therapy. The main outcome measures were DSM-IV psychiatric diagnoses plus quality of life data based on the EORTC QLQ-C30 (core) and QLQ-BR23 (breast module) instruments.

'Would you like to talk about your future treatment options'? Discussing the transition from curative cancer treatment to palliative care.

Palliative care focuses on improving quality of life for patients with life-threatening illness and their families. There comes a time when actively pursuing aggressive curative treatment may do more harm than good. The cessation of curative treatment is often viewed as a distinct event; however, current practice guidelines suggest that a palliative approach should be gradually adopted as the disease progresses.

Relationships between stressors, work supports, and burnout among cancer nurses.

This pilot study investigated the relationships between stressors, work supports, and burnout among cancer nurses. One hundred and one registered nurses, employed at a major specialist oncology, metropolitan Australian hospital, completed self-report questionnaires measuring these constructs and provided responses to open-ended questions. The 50 listed stressors were experienced as sources of stress by more than 50% of the sample; most work support came from peers, rather than supervisor and organizational supports; and the overall level of burnout for the sample was moderate to low.

Social aspects of caregiving for people living with motor neurone disease: their relationships to carer well-being.

Objective: To investigate social aspects of caregiving for people living with motor neurone disease (MND) and examine their relationships to carers' well-being.

Methods: A questionnaire was developed to assess carers' perceptions of their social support network (the Caregiver Network Scale, CNS), including measures of sociodemographic status and general well-being (GHQ-12), and mailed to carers of people living with MND.

Results: Seventy-five surveys were returned (response rate: 33%).

Psychosocial adjustment of female partners of men with prostate cancer: a review of the literature.

Advances in prostate cancer treatments since the 1990s have led to a growing proportion of patients living with the effects of the cancer. Various challenges face the man and his partner from the point of learning of the diagnosis: deciding among numerous diverse treatment options, dealing with side-effects of treatment and possibly facing the terminal phase of the illness. This invariably has an impact on the patient's family and, in view of the older age group of men usually affected, the experience of a partner is particularly relevant.

The Demoralization Scale: a report of its development and preliminary validation.

The development and elaboration of a conceptualization of existential distress in patients with advanced disease is crucial in order to optimize our clinical response within palliative medicine. Demoralization is one expression of existential distress. Its empirical study will be greatly enhanced by a self-report measure that captures its dimensions and intensity.

Dimensions of privacy in palliative care: views of health professionals.

This paper explores the dimensions of privacy evident in the views of practice of health professionals in different inpatient palliative care settings. Eighty-eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with doctors, nurses and pastoral carers at 12 Australian regional and metropolitan locations. Transcribed interviews were coded and discursively content analysed.

Managing family centered palliative care in aged and acute settings.

This paper reports on the management of family centered palliative care in different aged care and acute Australian inpatient settings, following the integration of palliative care with mainstream services. Eighty-eight semistructured interviews were conducted and 425 questionnaires (Palliative Care Practices Questionnaire--PCPQ) were returned, completed from 12 regional and metropolitan locations. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using QSR NVivo and mean PCPQ scores from the four settings were compared.

Exploring bereavement care in inpatient settings.

This paper compares the attitudes and practices of health professionals to the provision of family-centred bereavement care in different Australian inpatient settings: palliative care services, acute care and long stay residential aged care settings. Semi-structured interviews (88) were conducted with doctors, nurses, pastoral carers and allied health staff. Comprehensive bereavement care was not being provided or resourced in the acute and aged care hospitals to the same level as that provided in palliative care services.

Effect of cognitive-existential group therapy on survival in early-stage breast cancer.

Purpose: Cognitive-existential group therapy (CEGT) was developed to improve mood and mental attitude toward cancer in women with early-stage breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Given the debate about group therapy's association with increased survival in women with metastatic breast cancer, we were curious to check its effect at a much earlier stage in the cancer journey.

Patients And Methods: We randomly assigned 303 women with early-stage breast cancer who were receiving adjuvant chemotherapy to either 20 sessions of weekly group therapy plus three relaxation classes (n = 154) or to a control condition of three relaxation classes alone (n = 149).