Kinetic Analysis and Metabolism of Poly(Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) Polymerase-1-Targeted F-Fluorthanatrace PET in Breast Cancer.

The poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have demonstrated efficacy in ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers, but current biomarkers do not consistently predict clinical benefit. F-fluorthanatrace (F-FTT) is an analog to rucaparib, a clinically approved PARPi, and is a candidate biomarker for PARPi response. This study intends to characterize F-FTT pharmacokinetics in breast cancer and optimize image timing for clinical trials.

Bacterial Leaf Spot Susceptibility Screening of Chili Pepper Cultivars Using qPCR Determination of pv. Titers.

Bacterial leaf spot is a serious disease of chili pepper ( spp.) caused by pv. .

Pharmacokinetic effects of a single-dose nutritional ketone ester supplement on brain ketone and glucose metabolism in alcohol use disorder - a pilot study.

Introduction: Acute alcohol intake decreases brain glucose metabolism and increases brain uptake of acetate, a metabolite of alcohol. Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) show elevated brain acetate metabolism at the expense of glucose, a shift in energy utilization that persists beyond acute intoxication. We recently reported that nutritional ketosis and administration of ketone bodies as an alternative energy source to glucose reduce alcohol withdrawal severity and alcohol craving in AUD.

Molecular Imaging of Pulmonary Inflammation in Users of Electronic and Combustible Cigarettes: A Pilot Study.

Electronic cigarette (EC) use has increased dramatically, particularly among adolescents and young adults, and, like cigarette use, can cause pulmonary inflammation and increase the risk of lung disease. This preliminary study used PET with F-6-(1/2)(2-fluoro-propyl)-4-methylpyridin-2-amine (F-NOS) to quantify inducible nitric oxide synthase expression to characterize oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs in vivo in 3 age- and sex-matched groups: 5 EC users, 5 cigarette smokers, and 5 controls who had never smoked or vaped. EC users showed greater F-NOS nondisplaceable binding potential (BP) than cigarette smokers ( = 0.

Distinguishing Progression from Pseudoprogression in Glioblastoma Using F-Fluciclovine PET.

Accurate differentiation between tumor progression (TP) and pseudoprogression remains a critical unmet need in neurooncology. F-fluciclovine is a widely available synthetic amino acid PET radiotracer. In this study, we aimed to assess the value of F-fluciclovine PET for differentiating pseudoprogression from TP in a prospective cohort of patients with suspected radiographic recurrence of glioblastoma.

[F]NOS PET Brain Imaging Suggests Elevated Neuroinflammation in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease.

Neuroinflammation is implicated as a key pathologic mechanism in many neurodegenerative diseases and is thought to be mediated in large part by microglia, native phagocytic immune cells of the CNS. Abnormal aggregation of the protein α-synuclein after phagocytosis by microglia is one possible neuropathophysiological mechanism driving Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a human pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of targeting the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase using the [F]NOS radiotracer to measure neuroinflammation in idiopathic PD.

Draft Genome Sequences of Species Associated with Soft Rot Diseases in Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Banana ( spp.).

species cause soft rots on many commercial crops. Here, we present the draft genomes of Dickeya oryzae (BRIP 64262) and Dickeya zeae (BRIP 64263) isolates causing soft rot on banana ( spp.) and pineapple (Ananas comosus) plants, respectively.

Draft Genome Sequences of Robbsia andropogonis Isolated from Sorghum bicolor Exhibiting Bacterial Leaf Stripe in Australia.

Robbsia andropogonis causes leaf spots, streaks, or stripes on a wide range of commercially important crops. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of two isolates of sourced from Sorghum bicolor displaying symptoms of bacterial leaf stripe disease in Australia.

Imaging sensitive and drug-resistant bacterial infection with [11C]-trimethoprim.

BACKGROUNDSeveral molecular imaging strategies can identify bacterial infections in humans. PET affords the potential for sensitive infection detection deep within the body. Among PET-based approaches, antibiotic-based radiotracers, which often target key bacterial-specific enzymes, have considerable promise.

A Pan-Global Study of Bacterial Leaf Spot of Chilli Caused by spp.

Bacterial Leaf Spot (BLS) is a serious bacterial disease of chilli ( spp.) caused by at least four different biotypes: pv. , pv.

Preliminary Evaluation of Ga-P16-093, a PET Radiotracer Targeting Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen in Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a promising molecular target for imaging of prostate adenocarcinoma. Ga-P16-093, a small molecule PSMA ligand, previously showed equivalent diagnostic performance compared to Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in a pilot study of prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR). We performed a pilot study for further characterization of Ga-P16-093 including comparison to conventional imaging.

Molecular, Phenotypical, and Host-Range Characterization of Strains Isolated from spp. in Mexico.

Characteristic leaf spot and blight symptoms caused by on bougainvillea plants were found in three locations in different provinces of Mexico from 2019 to 2020. Eleven bacterial isolates with morphology similar to were obtained from the diseased bougainvillea leaves. The isolates were confirmed as by phenotypic tests and 16S rRNA, D, and B gene sequencing.

Astrocyte activation imaging with 11C-acetate and amyloid PET in mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer pathology.

Background: Neuroinflammation is a well-known feature of early Alzheimer disease (AD) yet astrocyte activation has not been extensively evaluated with in vivo imaging in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to amyloid plaque pathology. Unlike neurons, astrocytes metabolize acetate, which has potential as a glial biomarker in neurodegeneration in response to AD pathologic features. Since the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a hotspot for AD neurodegeneration and inflammation, we assessed astrocyte activity in the MTL and compared it to amyloid and cognition.

Kinetic and Static Analysis of Poly-(Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) Polymerase-1-Targeted F-Fluorthanatrace PET Images of Ovarian Cancer.

The poly-(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family of proteins participates in numerous functions, most notably the DNA damage response. Cancer vulnerability to DNA damage has led to development of several PARP inhibitors (PARPi). This class of drugs has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers, but with variable response.

Sampling of Bacteria Associated with Plant Vascular Tissues.

The vasculature of plants is typically colonized by a wide-range of bacteria with diverse functions. These bacteria can be sampled by pooling plant biopsies in water and then concentrating cells by centrifugation. When the extracted bacteria are added as a template for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sufficient DNA is generally liberated to facilitate the identification of specific taxa and characterization of bacterial community structure.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Variation of in South Africa.

Sunflower ( L.) is the third largest grain crop by area planted in South Africa (SA). The annual yield is negatively affected by sunflower rust caused by Schw.

Biodistribution, dosimetry, and temporal signal-to-noise ratio analyses of normal and cancer uptake of [Ga]Ga-P15-041, a gallium-68 labeled bisphosphonate, from first-in-human studies.

Introduction: [Ga]Ga-P15-041 ([Ga]Ga-HBED-CC-BP) is a novel bone-seeking PET radiotracer that can be generator-produced. We undertook a Phase 0/I clinical trial to assess its potential for imaging bone metastases in prostate cancer including assessment of radiotracer biodistribution and dosimetry.

Methods: Subjects with prostate cancer and known or suspected osseous metastatic disease were enrolled into one of two arms: dosimetry or dynamic.

F-Fluciclovine PET to distinguish treatment-related effects from disease progression in recurrent glioblastoma: PET fusion with MRI guides neurosurgical sampling.

Differentiation of true tumor progression from treatment-related effects remains a major unmet need in caring for patients with glioblastoma. Here, we report how the intraoperative combination of MRI withF-fluciclovine PET guided surgical sampling in 2 patients with recurrent glioblastoma.F-Fluciclovine PET is FDA approved for use in prostate cancer and carries an orphan drug designation in glioma.

Bacterial wilt of dry beans caused by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens: A new threat from an old enemy.

Unlabelled: Bacterial wilt and tan spot of dry beans (family Fabaceae), caused by Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, is an important emerging disease threatening the edible legume industry around the globe. The management of bacterial wilt has been a major problem since its original description in 1922.

Breast Cancer F-ISO-1 Uptake as a Marker of Proliferation Status.

The σ receptor is a potential in vivo target for measuring proliferative status in cancer. The feasibility of using -(4-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1)-yl)butyl)-2-(2-F-fluoroethoxy)-5-methylbenzamide (F-ISO-1) to image solid tumors in lymphoma, breast cancer, and head and neck cancer has been previously established. Here, we report the results of the first dedicated clinical trial of F-ISO-1 in women with primary breast cancer.

Turning a Blind Eye to Ratoon Stunting Disease of Sugarcane in Australia.

The Australian sugar industry has never pursued genetic resistance to ratoon stunting disease (RSD), despite it being widely considered to be one of the most important diseases of sugarcane (Saccharum interspecific hybrids). This is because of a prevailing view that the disease is economically managed, and that no further action needs to take place. However, there is a range of epidemiological evidence that suggests that RSD is having a more significant impact than what is generally recognized.

Safety profile after prolonged C3 inhibition.

The central component of the complement cascade, C3, is involved in various biological functions, including opsonization of foreign bodies, clearance of waste material, activation of immune cells, and triggering of pathways controlling development. Given its broad role in immune responses, particularly in phagocytosis and the clearance of microbes, a deficiency in complement C3 in humans is often associated with multiple bacterial infections. Interestingly, an increased susceptibility to infections appears to occur mainly in the first two years of life and then wanes throughout adulthood.

Phytocercomonas venanatans, a New Species of Cercozoa Associated with Chlorotic Streak of Sugarcane.

Chlorotic streak is a global disease of commercial sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids). The disease is transmitted by wet soil, water, as well as in diseased planting material.

Molecular Detection of Diverse Leifsonia Strains Associated With Sugarcane.

Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli, causal agent of ratoon stunting disease (RSD) of sugarcane (Saccharum interspecific hybrids), is the most well-known member of the Microbacteriaceae genus Leifsonia. However, the presence of other Leifsonia strains associated with sugarcane has not been reported.