Virtual Reality for Preoperative Planning in Complex Surgical Oncology: A Single-Center Experience.

Introduction: Virtual reality models (VRM) are three-dimensional (3D) simulations of two-dimensional (2D) images, creating a more accurate mental representation of patient-specific anatomy.

Methods: Patients were retrospectively identified who underwent complex oncologic resections whose operations differed from preoperative plans between April 2018 and April 2019. Virtual reality modeling was performed based on preoperative 2D images to assess feasibility of use of this technology to create models.

A Standardized Robotic Training Curriculum in a General Surgery Program.

Background And Objectives: The general surgery residency at the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria has a long tradition of integrating robotic surgery into training since 2002. The purpose of this paper is to investigate our curriculum and evaluation system, which was designed to achieve a standardized format for education in general robotic surgery.

Methods: The curriculum consists of two phases: phase 1 (PGY 1-2): Complete 4 robotic surgery training modules; read two assigned robotic surgery articles; and practice simulation modules on the robot.

Ergonomic assessment of robotic general surgeons: a pilot study.

Inadequacies exist in the ergonomics of upper body positioning of robotic surgeons; these deficits in biomechanical efficacy predispose surgeons to musculoskeletal injury. Ergonomics and biomechanics may be objectively measured using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) to quantify ergonomic efficacy. The purpose of this study is to use validated ergonomic tools to assess the posture of robotic surgeons to examine deficiencies.

Review and update: robotic transanal surgery (RTAS).

As the field of surgery advances, new approaches have allowed surgeons additional flexibility to perform further interventions with minimal or no external incisions. For many years, single site access (SSA) has been used for transanal procedures, and platforms allowing modified endoscopic approaches have been available. These platforms have limitations related to access, visualization, dexterity, camera control, and instrumentation.

Telemedicine and telerobotics: from science fiction to reality.

Advances in communication technologies have paved the way for telemedicine to transform the delivery of medical care throughout the world. Coinciding developments in minimally invasive surgery and in particular teleoperated robotic surgical systems will allow the surgeon to deliver expert care in remote locations. This study presents a systematic review of telemedicine, focusing on telerobotic surgical systems.

Evolution and literature review of robotic general surgery resident training 2002-2018.

The University of Illinois purchased their first da Vinci System in September of 2002. Within the first calendar year, their program began orienting trainees to the da Vinci Standard System to make its inclusion in their clinical training run more smoothly. During the ensuring 16 years, their program has evolved into more frequent resident orientations, lectures, and courses.

High rectal injury during trans-1 axial lumbar interbody fusion L5-S1 fixation: a case report.

Study Design: A case report.

Objective: To report a case of high rectal injury during trans-1 axial Lumbar Interbody Fusion (axiaLIF) L5-S1 fixation.

Summary Of Background Data: Trans-1 axiaLIF procedure is gaining in popularity for L5-S1 fusion due to the ease of access to the sacrum through the presacral space.

Advocating "spine damage control" as a safe and effective treatment modality for unstable thoracolumbar fractures in polytrauma patients: a hypothesis.

Background: The "ideal" timing and modality of fracture fixation for unstable thoracolumbar spine fractures in multiply injured patients remains controversial. The concept of "damage control orthopedics" (DCO), which has evolved globally in the past decade, provides a safe guidance for temporary external fixation of long bone or pelvic fractures in multisystem trauma. In contrast, "damage control" concepts for unstable spine injuries have not been widely implemented, and the scarce literature in the field remains largely anecdotal.

Intraoperative 3-dimensional reconstructed multiplanar fluoroscopic imaging for immediate evaluation of spinal decompression.

Although thorough preoperative planning is the best method of achieving appropriate levels of lumbar spinal decompression, current methods for intraoperative assessment of the extent of spinal decompression are inadequate. Underdecompression leads to poor clinical outcomes and overdecompression can lead to instability. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of multiplanar, fluoroscopic images reconstructed in 3-dimensional format, combined with spinal myelography to intraoperatively assess lumbar spinal decompression.

Unilateral cervical facet fractures with subluxation: injury patterns and treatment.

Study Design: This is a retrospective study of patients with unilateral cervical facet fractures from a Level I academic trauma center.

Objective: We sought to examine fracture patterns involving only the facets, to examine the incidence of associated neurologic and vascular injuries, and to determine optimum management strategies for these injuries.

Summary Of Background Data: Most of the literature regarding unilateral cervical facet injuries has resulted from studies evaluating dislocated locked facets, "fracture-dislocations," or fractures of the lateral mass and pedicle.

End organ effects of high-dose human equivalent methylprednisolone in a spinal cord injury rat model.

Study Design: Interventional study.

Objective: To analyze the histologic effects of high-dose human equivalent methylprednisolone on the pulmonary, cardiac, intestinal, renal, hepatic, and splenic tissues in a spinal cord injury rat model.

Summary Of Background Data: There are numerous investigations of various medical interventions for the treatment of acute spinal cord trauma.

Histologic characterization of acute spinal cord injury treated with intravenous methylprednisolone.

Objective: Many substances have been investigated for attenuation of spinal cord injury after acute trauma; however, pharmacologically only steroid administration has shown clinical benefits. This study attempts to characterize local spinal cord histologic response to human dose equivalent (HDE) intravenous methylprednisolone (MP) administration in a rodent model of acute spinal cord injury.

Design: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into control and experimental groups.