Spatial Transcriptomics Suggests That Alterations Occur in the Preneoplastic Breast Microenvironment of BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females, affecting one in every eight women and accounting for the majority of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are significant risk factors for specific subtypes of breast cancer. BRCA1 mutations are associated with basal-like breast cancers, whereas BRCA2 mutations are associated with luminal-like disease.

Alterations in the preneoplastic breast microenvironment of / mutation carriers revealed by spatial transcriptomics.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females, affecting one in every eight women and accounting for the majority of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Germline mutations in the and genes are significant risk factors for specific subtypes of breast cancer. mutations are associated with basal-like breast cancers, whereas mutations are associated with luminal-like disease.

Capsular tension ring in the management of occult lens zonular dehiscence in infantile glaucoma.

The authors present a case of bilateral zonular dehiscence in a boy with infantile glaucoma who had developed cataracts. The zonular dehiscence was noted at the beginning of cataract surgery. The cataracts were removed and capsular tension rings and intraocular lenses were safely inserted and remained well centered.

Diplopia and strabismus following ocular surgeries.

Postoperative diplopia and strabismus may result from a variety of ocular surgical procedures. Common underlying mechanisms include sensory disturbance, scarring, direct extraocular muscle injury, myotoxicity from injections of local anesthesia or antibiotics, and malpositioning of extraocular muscles by implant materials. The most common patterns are vertical and horizontal motility disturbance.

Cut and paste: sutureless conjunctival closure in strabismus surgery.

Purpose: This study investigated the use of fibrin glue and compared its effect with traditional sutures for conjunctival closure in strabismus surgery.

Methods: The study included 12 patients undergoing horizontal strabismus surgery, of whom 5 underwent bilateral medial rectus muscle recessions and 7 underwent bilateral lateral rectus muscle recessions. For each patient, fibrin glue was used to close the conjunctiva of one eye and 6-0 plain sutures were used to close the other.

Providing deep sedation and general anesthesia for patients with special needs in the dental office-based setting.

This article discusses the issues of morbidity and mortality associated with deep sedation and general anesthesia specifically in the dental office-based setting for patients with special needs (PSN). A focused review of a particular environment and patient population was challenging as it was difficult to identify articles that discuss the unique scope of this subject. During the review of the literature, no article was identified that discussed this exact topic.

Special Care Dentistry Association consensus statement on sedation, anesthesia, and alternative techniques for people with special needs.

Many people with special needs (PSN) have difficulty having good oral health or accessing oral health services because of a disability or medical condition. The number of people with these conditions living in community settings and needing oral health services is increasing dramatically due to advances in medical care, deinstitutionalization, and changing societal values. Many of these individuals require additional supports beyond local anesthesia in order to receive dental treatment services.

Lymphangioma of the conjunctiva and nasal cavity in a child presenting with diffuse subconjunctival hemorrhage and nosebleeds.

A 4-year-old girl had extensive subconjunctival hemorrhage in the right eye. She had recurrent minor nosebleeds starting at 6 months. Visual acuity was 20/20.

A comparison of the effectiveness of four biostains in enhancing visualization of the vitreous.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of four biostains in vitreous staining as a means to facilitate clean anterior vitrectomy.

Materials And Methods: Four biostains (fluorescein, indocyanine green, trypan blue, and triamcinolone acetonide) were used to stain the transparent vitreous of human cadaver and monkey cadaver eyes. Results were compared and recorded by digital photography and videography.

Management of the anterior and posterior lens capsules and vitreous in pediatric cataract surgery.

Purpose: To review and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of managing anterior and posterior lens capsules and anterior vitreous in pediatric cataract surgery.

Methods: We reviewed the literature related to pediatric cataract surgery on PubMed and subclassified the subject into subtopics for managing the anterior lens capsule, posterior lens capsule, and anterior vitreous.

Results: After a review of the literature, we summarized the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches related to surgical managements of the anterior lens capsule, posterior lens capsule, and anterior vitreous in pediatric cataract surgery.

Enhanced visualization of capsulorhexis with indocyanine green staining in pediatric white cataracts.

Purpose: To evaluate the enhancement of the visualization of the anterior lens capsule with indocyanine green (ICG) in pediatric dense, mature cataracts.

Patients And Methods: Six children (10 eyes) 4 to 9 years old with complete, white cataracts underwent ICG-enhanced cataract surgery.

Results: All of the eyes showed a complete continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and a well-centered intracapsular implant.