Compsanthias, new genus of Pacific Anthiadidae (Teleostei).

Compsanthias new genus is described for Anthias ventralis Randall (type species) and A. hawaiiensis Randall, which had been previously classified in the genus Pseudanthias Bleeker. Compsanthias is distinguished from other anthiadid genera in having the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays X,16-18, usually X,17; anal-fin rays III,9-10, usually III,9; pectoral-fin rays 14-16, usually 15, most rays branched; branched caudal-fin rays 7+6; tubed scales in lateral series 39-46.

Taxonomic identity of the enigmatic Western Australian fish species Stigmatonotus australis Peters, 1877 (Teleostei).

The familial classification and specific identity of Stigmatonotus australis Peters, 1877 has been unresolved ever since its original description. Examination of a photograph and X-radiograph of the holotype confirms placement in the serranid subfamily Anthiadinae. It is further identified to the genus Hypoplectrodes Gill, 1862 and shown to represent a juvenile specimen of the species currently called H.

Odontanthias grahami Randall & Heemstra, a junior synonym of Anthias xanthomaculatus Fourmanoir & Rivaton (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae).

Although previously classified in the genus Pseudanthias Bleeker, 1871, the holotype of Anthias xanthomaculatus Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979 from New Caledonia was recently shown to be a juvenile specimen of the genus Odontanthias Bleeker, 1873, and possibly conspecific with Odontanthias grahami Randall & Heemstra, 2006 from eastern Australia. Meaningful comparison with the latter species was problematic as it was known only from four adult specimens. Recent collection of a size series of six specimens from the Lord Howe Rise confirms that the two nominal species are conspecific.

Revised definitions of the anthiadine fish genera Mirolabrichthys Herre and Nemanthias Smith, with description of a new genus (Teleostei: Serranidae).

Previously regarded as a subgenus of Pseudanthias Bleeker, Mirolabrichthys is rediagnosed and restricted to three species, the type species, M. tuka Herre Montalban, along with M. pascalus (Jordan Tanaka) and M.

Redescription of Conniella apterygia Allen and its reassignment in the genus Cirrhilabrus Temminck and Schlegel (Teleostei: Labridae), with comments on cirrhilabrin pelvic morphology.

Conniella apterygia is redescribed from re-examination of the holotype, two paratypes, and six additional specimens. The genus is closely allied to Cirrhilabrus, sharing similarities in general morphological and meristic details, but is separated from Cirrhilabrus and most other labrid fishes in lacking pelvic fins and a pelvic girdle. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have provided strong evidence for the deep nesting of Conniella within Cirrhilabrus, contradicting its generic validity and suggesting that the loss of pelvic elements is autapomorphic.

Three new species of Australian anthiadine fishes, with comments on the monophyly of Pseudanthias Bleeker (Teleostei: Serranidae).

Three new species of anthiadine species are described from specimens trawled from Australian waters. Pseudanthias paralourgus n. sp.

Mammal type specimens in the Macleay Collections, University of Sydney.

Type material of 12 mammal taxa originally proposed as species or subspecies are housed in the former Macleay Museum (now Macleay Collections, Chau Chak Wing Museum), University of Sydney and consist of seven holotypes and 12 syntypes. These were published from 1875 to 1887, five by N.N.

Taxonomy of the genus Dactylanthias Bleeker (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae).

The anthiadine genus Dactylanthias is reviewed. Two species, Dactylanthias aplodactylus (Bleeker, 1858) and Dactylanthias baccheti Randall, 2007 are currently recognised, each known only from their holotypes. A specimen of Dactylanthias matching D.

Review of Australian species of Plectranthias Bleeker and Selenanthias Tanaka (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae), with descriptions of four new species.

Australian species of the anthiadine genera Plectranthias and Selenanthias are reviewed. Twenty-two species of Plectranthias and two species of Selenanthias are recorded from Australian waters: Plectranthias sp. 1 from a seamount north of Middleton Reef and Norfolk Ridge, Tasman Sea; P.

Systematic reappraisal of the anti-equatorial fish genus Microcanthus Swainson (Teleostei: Microcanthidae), with redescription and resurrection of Microcanthus joyceae Whitley.

The taxonomy and classification of the microcanthid fish genus Microcanthus Swainson has been a subject of contention dating back to the 19th century. Its allopatric, disjunct anti-equatorial distribution across the Indo-West Pacific has resulted in the recognition of several nominal taxa, though these have been widely regarded as synonyms of Microcanthus strigatus (Cuvier). Following the results published in a companion study elsewhere by the authors, the taxonomy of Microcanthus and the validity of these nominal synonyms are herewith revised.

Plectranthias cruentus, a new species of anthiadine perchlet (Teleostei: Serranidae) from the Lord Howe Rise, Tasman Sea.

Plectranthias cruentus new species is described from the holotype and two paratypes collected off Ball's Pyramid and a paratype from Lord Howe Island. It resembles P. pelicieri Randall Shimizu 1994 in live coloration and most morphological details, including absence of predorsal scales anterior to the supratemporal commissure, but differs in having the fifth or sixth (versus third) dorsal-fin spine longest, at least some pectoral-fin rays branched (versus all unbranched), and inconspicuous (versus distinct) serrations on the interopercle.

Osteological evidence for monophyly of the Leiognathidae (Teleostei: Acanthomorpha: Acanthuriformes).

Osteological characters supporting monophyly and identification of extant Leiognathidae are reviewed. Ten osteological synapomorphies support monophyly of the Leiognathidae, involving modification of the ribs, gill arches, palatoquadrate, median fins and branchiostegals. Fourteen additional characters are noted that nest the Leiognathidae within the Acanthuriformes (sensu Gill Leis).

Anthias albofasciatus Fowler and Bean, 1930, a junior synonym of Tosana niwae Smith and Pope, 1906 (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae).

Anthias albofasciatus Fowler Bean, known only from the holotype collected east of Hong Kong in the South China Sea, has been considered a valid species of either Anthias or Pseudanthias. The holotype is compared with the holotype of Tosana niwae Smith Pope from Urado Bay, Shikoku, Japan, as well as non-type specimens from the South China Sea and south-eastern Japan, and shown to be conspecific. Anthias albofasciatus is therefore considered a junior subjective synonym of Tosana niwae.

Chromis tingting, a new species of damselfish from mesophotic coral ecosystems of southern Japan, with notes on C. mirationis Tanaka (Teleostei: Pomacentridae).

Chromis tingting sp. nov., is described on the basis of the holotype and three paratypes from Sagami Bay, Japan.

Description of a second species of Gymnoxenisthmus from the Red Sea (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Xenisthmidae).

Gymnoxenisthmus flavicinctus n. sp. is described from the 20.

Phylogenetic position of the fish genera Lobotes, Datnioides and Hapalogenys, with a reappraisal of acanthuriform composition and relationships based on adult and larval morphology.

Lobotes, Datnioides and Hapalogenys are assigned to a newly defined Acanthuriformes on the basis of their pattern of tooth replacement (termed posterolateral tooth replacement), where new teeth form at the posterolateral ends of series. Posterolateral tooth replacement is shown to be a synamorphy of the order. The order is expanded to include Chaetodontidae, Pomacanthidae, Drepaneidae, Ephippidae, Leiognathidae, Antigonia, Scatophagidae and Capros, along with the more traditional members, Siganidae, Luvaridae, Zanclidae and Acanthuridae.

Redescription of Anthias xanthomaculatus Fourmanoir and Rivaton, and its reassignment in the genus Odontanthias Bleeker (Teleostei: Serranidae: Anthiadinae).

Anthias xanthomaculatus is redescribed from re-examination of the holotype. On the basis of fin shape, meristic details and presence of two closely spaced supraneural bones, it is assigned to the genus Odontanthias Bleeker. It is compared with known Odontanthias species, and shown to be a valid species of the genus and a possible senior synonym of O.

Boomeranging around Australia: Historical biogeography and population genomics of the anti-equatorial fish Microcanthus strigatus (Teleostei: Microcanthidae).

The geographic distributions of marine fishes have been shaped by ancient vicariance and ongoing dispersal events. Some species exhibit anti-equatorial distributions, inhabiting temperate regions on both sides of the tropics while being absent from equatorial latitudes. The perciform fish Microcanthus strigatus (the stripey) exhibits such a distribution with disjunct populations occurring in East Asia, Hawaii, Western Australia, and the southwest Pacific.

Pseudanthias emma new species, with notes on a collection of anthiadine serranid fishes from off Myanmar (eastern Indian Ocean).

Recent exploratory trawling off the coast of Myanmar by the R/V Dr Fridtjof Nansen has resulted in the collection of six species of anthiadine serranid fishes. Four of the species are represented by specimen vouchers: Pseudanthias emma sp. nov.

F.L. de Castelnau's Norman River fishes housed in the Macleay Museum, University of Sydney.

Type specimens were located in the Macleay Museum for five species described by F.L. de Castelnau: Kurtus gulliveri (syntype), Pseudoambassis macleayi (lectotype and two paralectotypes), Pseudoambassis elongatus (lectotype and paralectotype), Acanthoperca gulliveri (syntype) and Engraulis nasutus (syntypes).

Erratum to: Cirrhilabrus cyanogularis, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Philippines and Indonesia (Teleostei: Labridae).

Following publication of the original article (Tea et al., 2018), an error was noted in the museum registration number for the holotype of the new species Cirrhilabrus cyanogularis (PNM 15354). This registration number is a duplicate number already in use for the holotype of Cirrhilabrus shutmani (Tea Gill, 2017).

Cirrhilabrus cyanogularis, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Philippines and Indonesia (Teleostei: Labridae).

Cirrhilabrus cyanogularis, sp. nov., is described on the basis of the holotype and three paratypes from Banguingui Island, Sulu Archipelago, Philippines, and a paratype from Sulawesi, Indonesia.

, a new species of dottyback from Indonesia (Teleostei: Pseudochromidae).

The Pseudochromis reticulatus complex is diagnosed to include species of Pseudochromis with the combination of a pointed caudal fin (rounded with middle rays produced), a reticulated colour pattern on the upper part of the body, dorsal-fin rays modally III,26, anal-fin rays modally III,15, and pectoral-fin rays modally 18. Members of the complex include P. reticulatus Gill & Woodland, P.

, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Babuyan Islands, northern Philippines (Teleostei: Labridae).

Cirrhilabrus shutmani, new species, is described on the basis of four specimens from Didicas Volcano, Babuyan Islands, Cagayan province, northern Philippines. The holotype and three paratypes were collected at a depth of 50-70 m, along denuded rubble slopes. The new species belong to a complex consisting of C.