Canonical and Nuclear mTOR Specify Distinct Transcriptional Programs in Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer Cells.

Unlabelled: mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that controls prostate cancer cell growth in part by regulating gene programs associated with metabolic and cell proliferation pathways. mTOR-mediated control of gene expression can be achieved via phosphorylation of transcription factors, leading to changes in their cellular localization and activities. mTOR also directly associates with chromatin in complex with transcriptional regulators, including the androgen receptor (AR).

Establishment and characterization of patient-derived xenograft of a rare pediatric anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) bearing a CDC42SE2-BRAF fusion.

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare subset of primary pediatric glioma with 70% 5-year disease free survival. However, up to 20% of cases present with local recurrence and malignant transformation into more aggressive type anaplastic PXA (AXPA) or glioblastoma. The understanding of disease etiology and mechanisms driving PXA and APXA are limited, and there is no standard of care.

Single-Institution Comparative Study of Magnetic Resonance-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy and Open Corpus Callosotomy.

Objective: Open corpus callosotomy (CC) poses a higher risk of perioperative morbidity than does magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) for treatment of drop and generalized seizures without documented superiority. We present a single-institution comparison between open and MRgLITT CC.

Methods: A 2-year retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent open and MRgLITT CC (January 2019-January 2021).

Effect of 6-month calorie restriction and exercise on serum and liver lipids and markers of liver function.

Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its association with insulin resistance are increasingly recognized as major health burdens. The main objectives of this study were to assess the relation between liver lipid content and serum lipids, markers of liver function and inflammation in healthy overweight subjects, and to determine whether caloric restriction (CR) (which improves insulin resistance) reduces liver lipids in association with these same measures.

Methods And Procedures: Forty-six white and black overweight men and women (BMI = 24.

Measurement of children's food intake with digital photography and the effects of second servings upon food intake.

This study tested the reliability and validity of measuring children's food intake with the digital photography method and the effects of second servings upon food intake. Food intake was measured in a school cafeteria for 5 days. Adiposity was assessed with body impedance analysis and body mass index, expressed as percentile rank.

Effect of calorie restriction with or without exercise on body composition and fat distribution.

Context: There is debate over the independent and combined effects of dieting and increased physical activity on improving metabolic risk factors (body composition and fat distribution).

Objective: The objective of the study was to conduct a randomized, controlled trial (CALERIE) to test the effect of a 25% energy deficit by diet alone or diet plus exercise for 6 months on body composition and fat distribution.

Design: This was a randomized, controlled trial.

Two-year internet-based randomized controlled trial for weight loss in African-American girls.

Objective: A randomized controlled trial tested the efficacy of an internet-based lifestyle behavior modification program for African-American girls over a 2-year period of intervention.

Research Methods And Procedures: Fifty-seven overweight (mean BMI percentile, 98.3) African-American girls (mean age, 13.

Effect of calorie restriction with or without exercise on insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, fat cell size, and ectopic lipid in overweight subjects.

Objective: The purpose of this article was to determine the relationships among total body fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), fat cell size (FCS), ectopic fat deposition in liver (intrahepatic lipid [IHL]) and muscle (intramyocellular lipid [IMCL]), and insulin sensitivity index (S(i)) in healthy overweight, glucose-tolerant subjects and the effects of calorie restriction by diet alone or in conjunction with exercise on these variables.

Research Design And Methods: Forty-eight overweight volunteers were randomly assigned to four groups: control (100% of energy requirements), 25% calorie restriction (CR), 12.5% calorie restriction +12.

Comparison of body composition methods in obese African-American women.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of percentage body fat (%BF) estimates between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and DXA in obese African-American women.

Research Methods And Procedures: Fifty-five obese African-American women (mean age, 45 years; mean BMI, 38; mean %BF, 48%) were studied. BF was assessed by both BIA (RJL Systems BIA 101Q; RJL Systems, Clinton Township, MI) and DXA (Hologic QDR-2000 Bone Densitometer; Hologic Inc.

Psychological adjustment during Army basic training.

This study evaluated changes in depression, anxiety, and stress during Army basic training. During week 1 of training, 139 soldiers from two companies volunteered for participation. In week 8, 93 soldiers were available for retesting.

Comparison of digital photography to weighed and visual estimation of portion sizes.

Objective: The primary goal was to test the validity of digital photography for measuring food portion sizes compared with weighed foods and with direct visual estimation.

Samples: A total of 60 test meals consisting of 10 different portion sizes from six different university cafeteria menus were prepared and weighed.

Design: Food selections and plate waste, as estimated by digital photography and direct visual estimation, were compared with weighed foods.

Changes in food intake and body weight associated with basic combat training.

This research project evaluated changes in food selections, food intake, and body weight during 8 weeks of basic combat training (BCT). During the first week of BCT, 139 soldiers from two companies volunteered for participation in the study. In the eighth week of BCT, 92 soldiers were available for retesting.